Unina isikhumbuzo imbali, i photo umbhali

Umama isikhumbuzo - umfanekiso odumileyo, nto leyo yaba ngoyena usetyenziswa rhoqo emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Umsebenzi idumileyo a Umfanekiso esifakelwe Volgograd Mamayev Kurgan. Noko ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi ndumiso baqala ukuvela akuyomfuneko kwimemori kwemfazwe, kodwa zonke ezinye iintlekele, ezifana sisikhumbuzo lo mama ofelweyo kaThixo ngenxa oomatiloshe abafileyo, yavulwa Nakhodka.

looMawokhulu

Sekunjalo, lo lesikhumbuzo edume unina uya kuphakanyiselwa kwisiza Battle of Stalingrad, omnye iimfazwe isigqibo IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Le Umfanekiso usembindini compositional le lomculo yokwakha kwi Mamayev Kurgan. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le yenye yezona eqingqiweyo ezinde kungekuphela eRashiya kodwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

Umfanekiso ifakiwe sisincoko zizahlulo ezithathu. Eyokuqala use Magnitogorsk. Kwi lesikhumbuzo "Misa - Front" umsebenzi udlula lijoni ikrele ezazakhiwe kwi Urals kumzabalazo wokulwa Fascism. Isahlulo sesithathu ubume - ilitye lesikhumbuzo, ukuba uMkhululi Soldier, leyo umi eBerlin. It ikrele, ngaphambili ndakhulela Volgograd, lishiyiwe.

Abalobi ekroliweyo

Umama e Volgograd Monument - nomkroli evgeniy Vucheticha kunye injineli UNikolai Nikitin. Vucetich kwi '70s, waba usekela-mongameli Academy of Arts waseUSSR, yena inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Ukuyiphi lesikhumbuzo ukuya uMkhululi Soldier e Treptow Park kunye lesikhumbuzo "Ngamakrele zibe Amakhuba", nto leyo bunikwa eNew York, kufuphi kwisakhiwo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo. Kwakhona wamisa sculpture "Le looMawokhulu" eKiev ngo-1981.

irekhodi Track UNikolai Nikitin nayo zizityebi. Nguye umbhekisi phambili iziseko kunye nezakhiwo nokuxhasa izakhiwo ezininzi odumileyo Soviet. Nguwo lowo Palace of the Amaqumrhu, kwesakhiwo Moscow State University uLenin Hills, ibala capital engundoqo "eNkundleni", Palace of Culture and Science e Warsaw, nenqaba TV ngo Ostankino.

lesikhumbuzo idle

Umama lesikhumbuzo Vucetic kunye Nikitin oyintsobi yomfazi enyhasha phambili ezineendaba silwe nekrele wavuswa. Lo mfanekiso yimizekeliso. Yabeka umfanekiso lokhokho, nto leyo ebiza oonyana bakhe ukuba eme ndawonye ukuba alwe utshaba eqhelekileyo.

ukwakhiwa mfanekiso baqala engamashumi enye enesiqingatha emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II - entwasahlobo ka-1959. Indalo yayo kwathatha iminyaka 8. Ngelo xesha le Umfanekiso iphakamileyo ehlabathini. De kube ngoku, zonke busuku sculpture esikhanyayo yi spotlight.

Ukususela ngelo xesha, kwadlula kabini nokubuyiselwa lesikhumbuzo. Kwaye kwangoko ngokwaneleyo ixesha lokuqala: indawo ngekrele kwiminyaka-5 emva kokuba ukuvulwa ngokusemthethweni. Ngowe-1986 elinye ukubuyiselwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu.

Imifanekiso kandi eqingqiweyo

Ingaba umfanekiso eguqulweyo ngokubaxwa i lwenziwa phantsi kweemeko apho isikhumbuzo oomama? Impendulo engagungqiyo akunjalo kude, kukho iinguqulelo nje ezimbalwa.

Abaninzi abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba oku iziqu Barnaul zokufundisa esikolweni anastasiya Peshkova, ngelo xesha ngaphantsi kancinane kweminyaka engama-30. Kwakhona phakathi iinguqulelo ekhankanywe Valentina Izotova kunye Catherine Grebneva.

Ngaphantsi ethandwayo, kodwa unelungelo lokuba khona inguqulelo ithi ukuba lesikhumbuzo unina, ogama ifoto ngoku kumntu wonke Russian, uphinda inani kunye Arc de Triomphe e Paris. Indalo yayo, ke, waphefumlela umbhali yawo uthixokazi Greek Nike.

iimpawu technical

Yawo yokuvelela sculpture iseke irekhodi yazo zonke ezikhoyo ngelo xesha. Ngokwakhe lesikhumbuzo unina 85 eemitha ukuphakama, iziimitha ezimbini nembasa engathethekiyo. Phantsi zokwakha ezifunekayo isiseko enjalo lubuyisela kungcwatywa ukuya kubunzulu kweemitha ezili-16. Ukuphakama sculpture nemazi (ngaphandle ikrele) kweemitha 52. Ubunzima ogcweleyo kakhulu umxhelo - ngaphezulu kwezigidi-8 tons.

Lo mzobo wenziwe ngekhonkrithi nentsimbi izakheko ezomeleleyo. Ngaphakathi kuyo lomntu lulilize. Kufuneka kwakhona kunqumama ikrele. Ubude bayo kweemitha 33. Weight - angu-14. Yenziwe le insimbi, nto leyo alekwe ngokwemaleko titanium.

Ngenxa deformation ikrele baqala ukuthuthela layers titanium, ngenxa yale sokusila ezingemnandi ngentsimbi osoloko weva. Kungenxa yesi sizathu, kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokumiselwa sculpture kwagqitywa ekubeni endaweni ikrele. New yayibandakanya ngokupheleleyo ngentsimbi.

Kule uyilo iye angazange agungqe kuyo ezintlwini obukekayo kakhulu kwaze engineer, ngubani na ke umbhali wayo ngokupheleleyo. Le lesikhumbuzo umi ngenxa sikanina uNikolay Nikitin. Ekubaleni le bokuxhathisa kwaye i Ostankino Tower umabonwakude.

Usongo kokuwa

Enyanisweni, ngoko nangoko emva ulwakhiwo lesikhumbuzo baqalisa ukuvakalisa uloyiko elaa litye lithe sikanina akwazi ukuyisonga. Ubukhulu becala, akukho mfuneko kupheza unanamhla.

Ngowe-1965, i-State Commission Building likhuphe ingxelo echaza ukuba kwakuyimfuneko ukubethelela ubume ephambili yokwakha. Into ebanga inkxalabo kakhulu ebangele lesikhumbuzo ku "looMawokhulu". Isibakala sokuba isiseko olubekwe kwimihlaba udongwe, nto leyo ekuhambeni kwexesha kakhulu sehla kwicala iVolga.

Kutshanje, isaveyi elikhulu-isikali litye lesikhumbuzo yaqhutywa ngo-2013. Kuye kwenziwa wezakhiwo eyinkunzi nomkroli Vladimir Tserkovnikov. Xa ileta eya kuMphathiswa of Culture of igama Vladimira Medinskogo , wathi ukuba kokusekwa lesikhumbuzo Zenziwe ineempazamo ukuba Nikitin kwenziwa kwinqanaba yoyilo lo. Ngokutsho kwakhe, namhlanje ezikwimeko engafanelekanga.

Kiev lesikhumbuzo

Kwikomkhulu Ukrainian ezifana Umfanekiso yavulwa ngo-1981. Yinxenye ukwakhiwa Museum kwembali Ukrainian yeSibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Eli bhotwe yezakhiwo yavulwa kweli engama-36 Ukoyiswa yobuFasi, kwimisitho baya Z Brezhnev.

Umsebenzi waqala ngo Volgograd sculpture umbhali kwi projekthi - evgeniy Vuchetich. Emva kokufa kwakhe ngowe-1974 Le projekthi iphethwe Vasily Boroday. Kanye njengokuba Vucetich, ijoni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, igcisa abantu waseUSSR, wayesebenza uhlobo ngokoqobo yobusoshiyali.

Ngokutsho ziingcali, ukuba benze inkcazo lesikhumbuzo ukuya looMawokhulu, lo lesikhumbuzo kufuneka ume iminyaka ubuncinane 150. Oko kwaba ekhuselekileyo ukuze ukumelana nokuba yinyikima lamanqaku 9. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1987 ngaphezu Kiev wahlasela a inkanyamba enamandla, kodwa lesikhumbuzo akukho monakalo.

Ngomhla lesikhumbuzo baxhotyiswa amaqonga lokuqaphela kunye bekwilift ezimbini, enye yazo ezinambuzelayo i ngokuphatha degrees 75. amaqonga yobugcisa kunye izivingco baxhotyiswa kwiindawo ezininzi lesikhumbuzo. Ngokomzekelo, omnye wabo tye yintloko lokhokho.

Ukususela ngo-2002, abakhenkethi akhwela kwimigangatho ezimbini ukubukela - ngo-36 no-92 eemitha. Noko ke, emva ukuwa nokufa babatyeleli kunye ukufikelela-kwinqanaba eliphezulu ukuya lesikhumbuzo ongenalwazi kukhawulelwe kakhulu.

St. Petersburg analogue

ERashiya, uninzi lo mbuzo: "Uphi na lesikhumbuzo ukuya looMawokhulu?" uya kuphendula ukuba Volgograd. Kodwa kukho ezimbalwa imifanekiso efanayo. Omnye wabo ise eSt Petersburg.

Le lesikhumbuzo ukwakweli Piskarevsky. nani Female uphethe i enesidanga oki, nto leyo efuzisela kanaphakade. Le Umfanekiso ibekwe phezu kwamanqwanqwa ngamatye. Kanye emva kodonga lakhe ilitye, apho oqingqiweyo amagama adumileyo wembongi Olgi Berggolts: ". Akukho mntu nganto, akukho nganto"

Le mveliso imele mama okanye ngumfazi, ubuso owashiya ekuyeni ukungcwatywa lobuzalwana.

Ukhuphiswano kule projekthi wabhengezwa ngo-1945. Kwagqitywa ukuba banikezele sisikhumbuzo kubemi eLeningrad, ubunzima ukuqapha kunye kukhunjulwa izisulu. Ukwakhiwa yaqala kuphela ngo-1956. Ukuvulwa senzeke ngexesha ekubhiyozeleni iminyaka engama-15 Victory - Meyi 9, 1960.

Iqela abakroli elikhokelwa Vera Vasilevna Isaeva, abafa iiveki ezimbini phambi kokuba kuvulwa ngokusesikweni litye lesikhumbuzo. Wahlupheka kokurhangqwa eLeningrad, isixeko inxaxheba ekulweni xa umoya utshaba ekuphangeni.

Lusizi umama e Nakhodka

History of the lesikhumbuzo "mama" kwi Far East of Russia nayo buhlungu kakhulu. Memorial Nakhodka yasekwa ngo-1979. Imveliso yenziwe ngobhedu.

Umfanekiso womfazi ejongene bay Nakhodka kwaye azinikele kukhunjulwa abalobi trawler "Boksitogorsk", iphele kuLwandle Barents ngo-1965. Le ntlekele yenzeke ngoJanuwari xa kukho uqhwithela, mandla apho kuqikelelwa kwiindawo ezili-10. Abafa izisebenzi 24. Okuvuyisayo kukuba I wakwazi ukubaleka enye kuphela - inkosi imveliso "Boksitogorsk" eAnatolia Okhrimenko.

Ngaphaya Umfanekiso nemazi ibonisa iseyile iinqanawa ezimbini. Ngelo unyawo lacola, amagama abo bonke 24 oomatiloshe abafileyo, ngubani ngonyaka zange elinde umama wakhe nomfazi.

Abekuhambisa wezakhiwo oyintloko yeprojekthi Vladimir Found Remizov.

Lusizi umama e Bashkiria

A lesikhumbuzo efanayo ezifakwe ikomkhulu Bashkortostan - Ufa. Sinikezelwa amajoni kunye namagosa abo babulawa kwimilo eyahlukahlukeneyo emkhosini, kuquka abo asekuhlaleni. Le sisikhumbuzo hayi kude Victory Park.

Ukuvulwa ngokusesikweni lwaqhutywa ngo-2003. Umbhali balo UNikolai Kalinushkin, Artist abazukileyo Russian Federation.

Ukubunjwa yezakhiwo ifuze isakhiwo lenkundla, yaye ngabom kwenziwa ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda, umKristu okanye Muslim, yena nguye. Lona ke inani eliphantsi useko unina nangobhedu.

Iizilebhu igranite ezikufutshane apho oqingqiweyo amagama kubemi Bashkortostan, owafa kwiimfazwe zomkhosi ukusukela ngowe-1951.

isikhumbuzo

Umama wakhe Monument Cheboksary yenye iisimboli ezinkulu Chuvash Republic kaThixo. ukuphakama kwayo laliziimitha 46, kwi nembasa kwi kwisiseko kuthetha ukuba ibhinqa-umama Ebasikelele abantwana bakhe aze athumele ukuba yokuba uphila ngoxolo kunye nothando. Lo mbhalo senziwe Russian kunye Chuvash.

Kwizixeko ezininzi kukho ezikhumbuzo unina. Imbali use- wonke. Le projekthi ukuba kuqulunqwe umgaqo-nkqubo - Mongameli Chuvashia Nikolaem Fedorovym. Kuba lo nguye arhola nezazi ubugcisa kunye nengxowa-ntle yoluntu udaliwe ngokukhethekileyo.

On the lesikhumbuzo ubonisa umfazi enxibe enxibe yesizwe. Ukunikezwa yokuqala ukuvela kwi print ngo-1996, kodwa ke waqala kuphela kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-2000.

projekthi nomkroli waba Vladimir Nagorny, owaba waduma sculpture "Ingelosi Inkumbulo kunye Uzuko" kwi embindini kwisithili Chuvashia kunye isi- Ostap Bender kunye Kisa Vorobyaninov esekwe Cheboksary. Wayesebenza ngentsebenziswano kunye nabacebisi yenzululwazi kunye nezinye nabayili ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezifana Vladimir Filatov.

Monument kwavulwa isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-58 Uloyiso kwiMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic - Meyi 9, 2003.