Uqeqesho lokuqhuba lokuqala

Injongo yale umxholo 1 "Uqeqesho lokuqala" (iiyure-8.) - ukufundisa abafundi ukuba ukuphuhlisa kunye ulawulo, ukuqhuba imoto kunye amagiya ezahlukeneyo, olawula kubungakanani lusekiwe kwaye uyeke imoto kwindawo ethile.

Uqeqesho olwenziwa emva kwemini, ngomhla kumdyarho. Akucetyiswa ukuba iiklasi zokuqala zaye zabanjwa kwi ezindleleni. Ubukho phezu kwabo kwezithuthi kunye nabahambi ezibangela uxinezeleko ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nabafundi ungakuvumeli ukuba unokubanceda kubo izakhono unelungelo lokusebenza kunye ulawulo. Zonke iindidi yemfundo yaseprayimari kufuneka wenziwe kwindawo sikhululekile kakhulu.

Xa abafundi zokuqala uqeqesho lokuqhuba bafunda ukusebenza kunye ulawulo kakuhle iindlela zolawulo ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi, okt. E. Ukuze asebenze ngaphandle indlela uqhuba. Oku kuyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu zezakhono lokuqhuba. Noko ke, nalo isiseko kamva ukufunda ukuqhuba imoto kwiimeko ezinzima esixekweni, xa amaqhinga uqhuba esabangela.

Injongo kwimfundo yaseprayimari - ukufundisa abafundi becala ubuchule ukuqhuba yokusebenza echanekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, abafundi baya kuba nezakhono ezithile, nangona azanelanga. izakhono siqinile ubuchule uqhuba ziya, njengoko umthetho, ekupheleni kwekhosi, ngenxa ngcono okuqhubekayo nokulungiswa kuzo zonke iiseshoni ezilandelayo kwezinye izihloko zokufunda.

Kakhulu nzima yaye ngokufuthi ephindaphindekayo kukuba ukusebenza esinezinyathelo kunye nolawulo clutch kunye umcephe kunye lever nezixhobo. Xa kucetyiswa ufundisa lo msebenzi ukusebenzisa ebizwa ngokuba "imithetho emithathu 'ukuba abafundi kufuneka ngokuqinileyo khumbula: lokuqala - ayikwazi ngexesha elifanayo cofa enyovwayo clutch kunye umcephe wokunyusa: xa ucinizela uxinzelelo enyovwayo clutch kwi ethe umcephe wokunyusa, xa uthe wamkhulula lo enyovwayo clutch ngexesha kokuba unikezelo lwenziwa ngokunqakraza umcephe wokunyusa; lwesibini - gearshift ibhokisi lever lwenziwa kuphela xa enyovwayo clutch akhululwayo ngokupheleleyo emoto ukunyathela umcephe wokunyusa; eyesithathu - le enyovwayo clutch iyekelela kwaye umcephe wokunyusa kusoloko egudileyo.

Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono zabafundi kwi umsebenzi ekunene kunye enyovwayo clutch kunye umcephe kunye nezixhobo lever - isiqulatho ephambili yoqeqesho lokuqala. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuvuselelwa gear cwaka etshintsha - uphawu yesakhono yokuhambisa.

Uqeqesho lokuqala, njengayo nayiphi na, yenziwa ukususela kokulula ukuya koko kuntsonkothileyo. intshukumo zavela kwenye ibonisa ayamkelekanga. Abafundi kufuneka sithi gqolo ukufumana imisebenzi emitsha, lunzima kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kugxothwa angabikho nesihlalo imoto lwenziwa kuqala nge tiyeke kumhlaba othe tyaba, ngoko xa imoto kwi esantini okanye ikhephu, uze uqhube off, xa amavili imoto sele emdaka. Uqeqesho utshintsho gear lwenziwa ngaphandle kuqala kungekho xesha libekiweyo, ngoko ukuthintelwa kwalo kwisantya ephezulu, njalo-njalo. D.

Xa ekupheleni kweseshoni inkosi unelungelo lokufuna abafundi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ulawulo moto.

Ndingakunika indlela uqeqesho umxholo othi "Imfundo yabaqalayo" ekusebenziseni 3 "Driving kunye gearshift kwi zinyuka zisihla umyalelo '(4 hrs.).

Lo msebenzi iquka imisebenzi ezimbini:

1. Ezilandelelanayo gear shift ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ngokunyuka de kube kuqala.
2. Elekhtrons ye injini yemoto waziqhekeza inkonzo, yokumisa olungxamisekileyo emotweni.

Main time study isabelo kukwenza umsebenzi wokuqala.

Uqeqesho luqala umboniso inkosi technology gear kwehle. Xa inkcazelo ekweli zibonisa inkosi itsalela ingqalelo abafundi ukuba ixabiso irhasi eliphakathi kufuneka nakanjani siwenze ngesantya isithuthi kwaye oko kuyimfuneko ukuze enze i "imithetho emithathu"-zikhankanywe ngasentla .Obuchenie gearshift lever kwehle kuqala kwenziwa ngesantya iphantsi yesithuthi owanikwa transmission. Ekupheleni kwale seshoni, kwakunye uvavanyo elandelayo eklasini kunye nabafundi shift kwehle kuyimfuneko ukuba nzima ngokwandisa ngesantya lokuqala kwisithuthi. Ngoko ke, ukuba ekuqaleni ababhalise kwenziwa ukuba batshintshele ukusuka isantya yesine ukuya isantya lesithathu an initial 20 - 25 km / h, kwi imfuno olulandela ezifuna isenza i ngereyithi eyi-30 - 35 km / h okanye ngaphezulu.

Xa befunda injini yemoto elekhtrons inkosi kuqala ibonisa ulwamkelo, waza waqeqesha kuzalisekiso yayo ezinereyithi okwandayo. Kulo mzekelo, sebenzisa iziqhoboshi kubafundi akuvumelekanga.

Emergency imoto stop kwaye bachitha ngexesha leseshoni. Master ubonisa indlela yokumisa olungxamisekileyo kudluliselwa elibukhali ngokucinezela enyovwayo waqhekeza uze (phambi kokuba ayeke) kokucima ukosuleleka. Kuyanconywa ukuba enze le ndlela ukusebenza Beyamkele indawo yokuqala, kunye injini ukungenzi. Ke inkosi ihamba unika umyalelo ukumisa imoto le ndlela, kodwa ufuna ukwenza ihamba kade. Njengoko ireyithi deceleration reception imigodi ukunyuka, umyalelo stop ithatha inkosi ngokungalindelekanga babhalise.

Ngethuba abafundi iklasi kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ukusebenza kunye namafutha wayaphula. elekhtrons ngesiquphe nakanjani ukuba ukuxinana kakhulu kwi iindlela kunye banxibe okukhawulezileyo kuvunyelwa kuphela ukuba yokumisa likaxakeka emotweni. On kweenqwelo iziqhoboshi hydraulic hayi ziyacetyiswa njengoko kabukhali khupha enyovwayo brake emva ngokucindezela, njengoko oko kuyingozi kwiinkcukacha main isilinda wayaphula.

Imithambo kuyacetyiswa ukufaka umsebenzi ilandelayo wolawulo: ihamba off, unikezelo gearshift olucwangcisiweyo ukuya kumgca, elekhtrons gearshift olucwangcisiweyo kwehle sisithuthi lokuqala brake nkonzo yesitophu esinye.

Abafundi bafumana "ezigqwesileyo" phambi akukho mpazamo ngaphezu kwesinye, "elungileyo" - kungekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu, "eyanelisayo" - hayi ngaphezulu kwe ezintlanu. Iimpazamo zithathwa ngokufanayo, njengoko kuchaziwe kwi-imithambo ezidlulileyo. Ngaphezulu, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe imposiso ukuba kutshintsho transfer eliphakathi ubungakanani igesi olusezantsi lungena kunye ngesantya intshukumo.

Lo msebenzi Ugqibezela kukulawula etsala ukusuka kwindawo yoqeqesho gearshift lever. Kuqeqesho koko ubuchule ukwenza ezi ndlela abafundi baya ukuphucula intsebenzo yabo nesantya ziya kwanda. Kodwa le ngxaki inkulu sele apho kuya kubakho ezinye lunzima kakhulu, uqeqesho luya sele kusekelwa phezu nezakhono ezifunyenwe ngabafundi le mithambo kuqala. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubaluleke kakhulu kweli nqanaba uqeqesho ukufikelela echanekileyo zonke iimpazamo ezenziwa ngabafundi xa etsala kude nasebudeni utshintsho nezixhobo.

iimpazamo ezininzi kubonakala kwangoko (umzekelo, umfundi lijonga ulawulo, egcina iinyawo zakhe phezu enyovwayo clutch, lo enyovwayo brake ayicinezele unyawo lasekhohlo, njl ...), Yaye azilungise nje - rhoqo ujonge kubaqeqeshwa zabo. Kodwa kukho iimpazamo ezinobunzima ekufuneka zihlalutywe, ukufumana izinto kunye noqeqesho ezongezelelweyo alungise kubo.

I-GM kufuneka zijolise iimpazamo ezintathu: a jerk ngamandla xa isithuthi ihamba off, ukuyeka injini ngokusebenzisa asilotyala umfundi nokutshixiza iigiyeri xa eziguqukayo amagiya. Master wachaza ukuba unobangela impazamo yokuqala isikakhulu kugxothwa angabikho rhoqo aphezulu ujikelezo kwi le crankshaft nokuqukwa elibukhali kokubonisa. Ezibayeni Injini xa ukuqala, ngokuxhomekeka ukuba usebenza ngesantya eliphantsi injini, lo enyovwayo clutch kwiwebhsayithi wavele, ngaphandle lever akhululwayo wagaleleka yokupaka okanye yenziwe iiseyile liphezulu. Hayi injini zifudumeleyo, intaba ukuqala, endaweni enzima, ihamba ngaphandle obukhatshwa imoto - konke oku kufuna rhoqo ephezulu ukujikeleza crankshaft, okanye injini ukuze imfikele.

amagiya Urhashaza phezu xa uqala kwenzeka ngexesha zingazaliswanga cima enyovwayo clutch, kunye kade, ulibele, isenza i izixhobo lever xa ususa ngaphandle cutoffs kabini bamba sihla, ukuba esiphakathi "igesi" ixabiso lungena kunye ngesantya intshukumo.

UZwilakhe unyanzelekile ukufumana oonobangela iimpazamo, ukubonisa ukuba umqeqeshwa kunye noqeqesho ukuze sinikele ingqalelo emzimbeni zabo.