Utamatato Spassky Tower F1: ukuphononongwa, inkcazo, imveliso

Utamatisi - imifuno eyintandokazi kunye neqhelekileyo, enokufumaneka kuwo wonke umyezo. Zakhulile zombini evaliweyo nasemhlabathini ovulekile. Kwaye naliphi na ixesha lonyaka kukho imfuno kubo bobabini kwifomu elitsha kunye namathanga. Ngombulelo wokuzala, iitamatyesi ziyakhula ngokutsha nakwiindawo ezipholileyo kwaye zifutshane okanye zintlanzi ezinamanzi athile. Ukugqithisa kakhulu phakathi kwabahlali behlobo baqalisa ukusebenzisa utamatisi omude, kwaye kuba kukho izizathu.

Inzuzo yetamatati yamabanga aphakamileyo

Wonke amaphupha asegadi, ayenomvuzo ophezulu weetamatati ngexesha elincinci kunye nemigudu. Oku kwenzeke ngenxa yokuba ababelethi bafumana iintlobo zeentamatyambo ezinqamlekileyo kunye nezigqibeleleyo .

Iintlobo ezizimeleyo zee mifuno zifanelekile ukulima kwezoshishino, njengoko iintlobo zabo zihamba ngaphezu kweemitha ezimbini. Ukuqokelela isityalo kwi-greenhouse kule mphakamo ayisoloko ikulungele, kodwa iziqingatha zemizuzu ziyinto enye.

Utamatisi zale mihlobo ifinyelela ubude be-100 ukuya kwi-180 cm kunye neenzuzo ezibonakalayo ngaphezu kweentlobo eziqhelekileyo:

• Okokuqala, bayasindisa kakhulu indawo, kuba nganye kwisiqithi sakhula kufika kwiirhulune ezili-10 zeziqhamo ezinobusi ngexesha elifanayo. Ngesivuno esinjalo, ungatshala izityalo ezincinci kwaye ulondoloze indawo kwisalathisi okanye kwindawo yokubamba ukutsalwa kwendawo.
• Okwesibini, izivuno eziphakamileyo zeentlobo ezide kunye nezide, ezinjengezityalo zeTatas Spasskaya Tower F1 ekhethekileyo, ngokomzekelo, sele iyaziwa kubahlali abaninzi behlobo.
• Okwesithathu, izityalo zifumana ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziphefumle kakuhle, ezinomphumo oncomekayo ekuchaseni kwizifo ezinkulu.
• Okwesine, iintlobo ezinjalo zivelisa iinyanga ezilisithandathu, kwaye xa uzifaka ekusebenziseni iindlela zokulima ezifanelekileyo kwaye ukhule kwindawo yokutya, ukuvunwa kungasuswa unyaka.

Ukongezelela kwezi nzuzo, nazo ziyizitho zomyezo, i-greenhouse okanye i-arch. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo phakathi kwabemi behlobo i-tomato i-Spasskaya Tower F1. Iingxelo malunga naye zinomdla kakhulu, zombini malunga neziqhamo, kunye nento yazo. Nge-1 m ² unokuqokelela ngaphezu kweekhilogram ezingama-30 zetamatato.

Spassky Tower

Uninzi lwabahlali behlobo baxhala ukuthengwa kwembewu okanye izityalo zezityalo zetamatatoes ukuba ngaba iindidi ezikhethiweyo ziya kuba zivumela. Iphupha laluphi na i-trucker liya kuba yintyatyambo ye-Spassky Tower.

Inkcazelo iyathetha ngokwayo:

• I-Superactive;
• Ixesha eliphakathi;
• Naliphi na imozulu;
• Isityalo eside kakhulu sinama-150 cm;
• Ibanga lokunakekelwa lula, ekubeni phantse ihafu yeengcambu ayinayo i-stepsons;
• Iifom zibetha iziqhamo ezine-4 ukuya ku-200 ukuya ku-500 nganye nganye;
• Eyona nto ibekezelela ukuhluka kweemeko zokushisa;
• Iindidi zikhula nakwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi;
• Ingqinelani nezifo ezinjenge-fusariosis, i-root nematodes, i-cladosporium kunye ne-TMV;
• Ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle;
• Yinyama enhle kakhulu, inyama enomnandi kwaye enomnandi.

Ezi ntlobo ezide zimele zixhaswe kunye neenkxaso, kuba phantsi kobunzima besichamo saso sinokuphuka.

Ukulungiselela Umhlaba

Yonke isimiya sinokunika iresiphi indlela yokutshala utamatisi, kodwa iintlobo ezide zidinga indlela eyahlukileyo kunabanye abazalwana abangaphantsi.

Ukuqwalaselwa kufuneka kuhanjiswe ukulungiswa kwesiza kunye nomhlaba. Kungcono ukwenza oku kusuka ekuwa, kodwa ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile asizange isebenze, ke entwasahlobo kubalulekile ukwenza onke amalungiselelo afunekayo ngaphandle kwenyanga ngaphambi kokutyala izityalo.

I-Tomato Spassky tower, enokuphakama kwayo ingafikelela kwi-150 cm okanye ngaphezulu, njengezinye iindidi ezide, zithanda umhlaba ogcotyiweyo, ngoko ukufakwa kwe-peat, humus okanye umquba kuyimfuneko. I-Potassium kunye ne-phosphorous substances zinconywa ukuba zenze ekwindla kunye nokutsalwa kwesayithi, ukwenzela ukuba entwasahlobo batyeke umhlaba.

Kodwa i-nitrogen fertilizer iyongezwa entwasahlobo, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukwahlula ukulungiswa kwesiza kwizigaba ezi-2, apho iintamatato ziza kubonga isivuno esiphezulu.

Umhlaba womhlaba

Ukuba umyezo entsimini ungumbumba, kufuneka uhlanjululwe ngentlabathi lomlambo kunye nomgquba, oya kubenza ukhululeke. Abaninzi basehlobo basehlobo basebenzisa indlela yokuchumisa inzuzo kakhulu yokulima umhlaba. Kwiintlobo ezide zetamatato, i- rye okanye i-mustard ibhetele , ekufuneka yenziwe emva kokunyuka kwaye ikhule kancane. Olu luhlobo olusempilweni olukhuselekileyo lokuchumisa umhlaba.

Ukongezelela ekulungiseleleni isayithi, indima ebalulekileyo idlala ngokutyala ngokufanelekileyo kwezitamatisi.

IThekhnoloji yokukhula kwezithombo

Ithelethi yeTatato i-Spassky Tower F1 (ukuphononongwa kwalabo abakukhulayo, kuqinisekiswa) kufuneka kutyalwe kakuhle, kodwa okokuqala kufuneka ukhule izithombo. Ukuqala ukuhlwayela imbewu kulandela iinyanga ezi-2 ukuya ku-5 ngaphambi kokutshintshela kwindawo evulekile.

Imbewu yeetamatati ezide kufuneka ifakwe kwisisombululo se 1 litre yamanzi kunye ne-1 teaspoon ye-Agricola Vegeta isilwanyana esisilwanyana okanye i-Effeton. Ungasebenzisa i-ash ash okanye i-nitrophosphate. Imbewu kufuneka ipakishwe kwisikhwama esenziwe ngendwangu yendalo okanye i-gauze kwaye igcinwe kwinqwelo ngosuku malunga nokushisa kwama-+25 degrees. Emva koko, thumela iintsuku ezimbalwa kwifriji kwi-shelf, ukufaka i-pre-tank ngembewu evuyiweyo kwi-cellophane. Ezi zixhobo ziya kubathukuthelisa kwaye zizinze.

Nangona imbewu iyanzima, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela umhlaba. Ngenxa yoko, i-peat, umhlaba kunye ne-humus zithathwa ngesixa esilinganayo, yonke into ixutywe kakuhle kwaye i-1 ithispoon yongezwa kwibhakethi yale mxube. Urea, potassium sulfate kunye ne-superphosphate.

Umxube womhlaba udinga ukutshiswa, okwenziweyo kwiziko lokubanda ngokubeka ubushushu kwi +100 ... + 115 degrees, imizuzu engama-20. Ngenxa yale njongo, i-pan eqhelekileyo ifanelekile, apho umxube womhlaba uhlanganiswe ngononophelo we-5 cm we-thickness.

Usuku olungaphambi kokuhlwayela, umhlaba olungiselelwe uthunyelwa kwiibhokisi kwaye uhlanjululwe kakuhle. Imbewu yamatamatisi amade aphonswa kwimimandla engaphiliyo engaphambili engama-1 cm kunye no-1.5-2 cm, efafazwe umhlaba ngaphandle kokunisela okunye. Isithuba phakathi kwemigangatho kufuneka sibe ubuncinane be-5 cm.

Iibhokisi kunye nezityalo ezizayo ziyanconywa ukuba zithunyelwe ukusuka ecaleni elangeni, apho kukho ukukhanya okulula kunye nomoya ovela kwi +20 ukuya kwi -25 degrees.

Ukuhlahloka kwezityalo

Abahlali basehlobo, abaziyo ukukhuphula iitamatisi kwindawo evulekile, batyalela izityalo ezi-2-2.5 iinyanga emva kokuhlwayela imbewu. Ukuze uzikhusele kwizifo ezinokwenzeka ngexesha lokulungelelanisa kwindawo entsha, abalimi abanamava batusa iingcambu zetamatato ezide ukuba zifefe nge- kloride yethusi ngokusekelwe kwi-10 ilitha amanzi 30 g yesilwanyana.

I-Tomato Spassky Tower F1, ukuphononongwa malunga neli bakala kuqinisekisiwe, kuya kunika isivuno esikhulu xa kukho izixhobo ezilungiselelwe kakuhle. Akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwe-15 nge-15 cm kunye nobunzulu kwi-bayonet spade nangaphambi kokucoca. Ukusabalalisa ngokufanelekileyo imikhosi yindlela ye-chess, apho utamatisi omude athola ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza kwaye angaphazamisani. Iibhokhwe zikhula kangcono kwaye zomoya.

Ukugqoka nokunyamekela

Nangona iindidi zentamatyambo i-Spassky Tower sele isaziwayo ngokuvelisa kwayo, ukuchumisa kwesityalo kunokukwenza ngakumbi. Agronomist abanamava abacebisa ukuba baphumelele ngexesha lexesha eli-3 elongezelelweyo lokuchumisa:

• Iyokuqala iqhutywe iiveki ezimbini emva kokutyala izityalo. Ekubeni ilizwe lizaliswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye lilungiselelwe ngaphambili, kwanele ukunciphisa i-1 kg yeentaka zeentaka kwi-10 litres zamanzi kunye namanzi izityalo. Ukuba usebenzisa izichumisi ezenziwe ngokufanelekileyo, "i-Humisol" okanye "i-Rost-concentrate" ifanelekile.
• Ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-brush yesibili ihluma kwi-plant kunye nama-ovari we 1.2-1.5 cm ububanzi buvela kuyo, ixesha lesibini lokutya lifanelekileyo. Ukwenza oku, isisombululo seentshukumo zeentaka okanye umgquba kunye nokudibaniswa kwe- "Rastvorin" (1 isipuni) kunye ne-manganese kunye ne-sulfate ye-copper (3 g ngalinye) nge-10 liters yesisombululo kuyafaneleka. Umxube obangelwayo kufuneka udibaniswe kwisiqithi ngasinye, uqwalasele i-2 litres nganye kwisityalo.

• Isondlo sesithathu senziwa ngexesha lokuvuna isityalo sokuqala. Ukubunjwa kwalo kufana neyesibini, kuphela ukwenza phantsi kwehlathi ngalinye lilandela i-2.5 ilitha yesisombululo.

"Ukutya" ngamnye kufuneka kuhambisane nokuthambisa. Ukugcina umswakama ixesha elide kunokwenzeka, emva kokusondeza kokuqala kubalulekile ukunqumla umhlaba. Kuba utamatisi omude i-mulch ehamba phambili iya kuba iipinele, i-straw okanye i-sawdust, emele isasaze ngokufanayo phezu kweengcambu zesityalo kunye nobunqamle obufanayo obu-5 cm.

Ukunisela

Inxalenye yeetamatato ezide kukuba kufuneka ixutywe ngqo phantsi kwengcambu ngokubala kwe 1 litre okanye ngaphezulu kwesityalo. Kubalulekile ukuba amanzi angagcini amaqabunga. Kwiintsuku ezinamahlathi kunele ukonga amanzi kabini ngeliveki, kwaye kwitshatyalali eshushu.

Amanzi angcono kula oku kukuma, atshiswe elangeni kwiqondo lokushisa okungenani +24 ... + 26 degrees. Ukuba ngenxa yezizathu ezithile amanzi okanye athatyathwa ngokukhawuleza, abahlali bahlobo behlobo bacebiswa ukuba benze iiplctures eziliqela emhlabeni ojikeleze iingcambu.

Kungcono ukukhulula umhlaba emva kokunkcenkceshela, kodwa nje kuphela, ukuze ungalonakalisi inkqubo yeengcambu. Ngekwindla, xa iziqhamo zokugqibela sele zivuthiwe, iziqu kufuneka zikhutshwe kwiinkxaso kwaye zigcinwe kakuhle kwiibhedi. Ukutyilisa ngeli xesha, isityalo asikho mfuneko.

Ukudibanisa amahlathi

Ekubeni i-tomato i-Spasskaya Tower F1 (ukuhlaziywa kwabahlali belihlobo bathi le nto) inika i-30 kg okanye ngaphezulu nge-1 m ² kwaye ineziqhamo ezijikelezileyo, ngoko kufuneka idibanise iziqu. Oku kuya kwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini:

• Ukubopha nganye isahluko ngokwahlukileyo, ukuqhuba ikhonkwane ngaphaya kwayo ngokuphakama ukuya kwi-1.5 mitha kwaye uyibophe nge-tape njengoko ikhula.
• Unokuqhuba iifologi ezungeze emacaleni ombhede uze uthathe umgca wokuloba phakathi kwabo kumgama wama-30 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Xa isityalo sithintela lo mphakamo, umgca olandelayo ulululwe, njalo njalo kude kube sekupheleni kokuphakama kweentsika.

Inkqubo enjalo iya kunceda isityalo, kwaye ukuvuna nokunyamekela kuya kuba lula ukuphumeza.

Pasynkovanie

Ukuze ugweme ingozi yokwakha isityalo kunye nobukhulu obuhlaza kunotamatati, kungcono ukuqhuba i-pasynkovanie. Ukuba oku kungenziwa, ngoko isivuno asikwazi ukukhuphela kuphela ngokuvuthwa kude kube sekwindla, kodwa izityalo ziya kuba ziincinci.

Xa ukhula utamatisi omude, oku akunzima, susa onke amahlumela asemacaleni avela aphantsi kwaye aphakame kakhulu kunokuba ibrashi yokuqala. Oku kuya kuvumela ukuba iziqhamo zikhule kwaye zivuthwe. Le ndlela iza kunika ithuba lokuvuna lonke ihlobo kunye neqabunga.

Iintlobo zeetamatato ezide

Ukongeza kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-Spassky Tower F1, abafuyi bephakamisa i-hybri ephezulu kunazo zonke nayiphi na imimandla neemeko zemozulu. Ezi ziquka utamatisi:

• U-Alyonushka ufanelekile kulabo abathanda ukuvuna izityalo zakuqala. Ubunqwenelekayo kwezi zihlomelo kwisixa sezityalo zawo, ezinokufikelela kwi-1 kg.
• Ummangaliso womhlaba uvuthwa ngeentsuku eziyi-90 kwaye uvelisa iziqhamo ezilingana no-400-500 g.
• I-middle-middle Midas, ivelise kwiintsuku eziyi-115 ukuya kwe-120, ineziqhamo ukuya kwi-100 g yesisindo.
• I-De Barao - ivuthwa kwiintsuku ezili-130, kodwa ivelisa kwiqhwa. Iziqhamo zayo zilinganisa i-70-80 g.

Oku akuzona zonke iintlobo zeetamatato ezide, kodwa zifanelekile kubalimi, abanako ixesha lokunyamekela izityalo.