Xa Peter 1 Army kwabunjwa ngokusekelwe emkhosini. Imbali umkhosi karhulumente Russian

Njengoko usazi, lukhulu utshintsho olwenziwe kwilizwe lethu, umlawuli omkhulu Peter A .. Ababhali-mbali ukuchitha iiyure uluhlu ezintsha ukumkani wenguquko, yaye waphawula ukuba phantsi Peter 1 Army kwabunjwa ngokusekelwe iseti labantu.

UPetros inguquko enkulu kakhulu zomkhosi aziqinisa uBukhosi Russian kunye negalelo kwinto yokuba wabonakala ilizwe lethu kunye nomkhosi wayo longamele umkhosi moyisi Swedish uCharlemagne zigcinwe kwibheyi yonke iYurophu ngelo xesha.

Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Kutheni kukho imfuneko ukuze baphumeze yotshintsho-mkhosi?

Xa uPetros A. ebekwe ukumkani umzalwana wakhe Ioannom Alekseevichem, umkhosi eRussia ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukususela iiyunithi rhoqo - i iishelfu Royal, iiyunithi Cossack kunye mercenaries amazwe.
2. Ukususela ngexesha lokusekwa xa kuthe isisongelo wamajoni - amajoni weNgingqi yaqokelelwa abalimi kunye namagcisa wobukhosi neenkosi.

Kwenkulungwane XVII okukhawulezayo, ilizwe lethu ihamba eninzi ekumeni zomkhosi ekugqibeleni, yena wasindiswa evela Ixesha Iingxaki, iiyunithi rhoqo nenkalipho emkhosini nje kuphela, kodwa ke imikhosi yaBantu wabasebenzi.

Ingaba kukho naziphi na iinzame ukwenza umkhosi rhoqo Petra Velikogo?

Kwi umkhosi rhoqo, nto leyo yayiza kuba emkhosini langoku, ndacinga uyise uPetros - Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Noko ke, ukufa ngesiquphe abazange bamvumele ukuba ukuphumeza zonke amabhongo zalo emkhosini, kodwa ke ukumkani, wazama ukuba baqonde inxalenye kubo.

Unyana wakhe omdala kunye indlalifa, ugula kakhulu, ulawulo urhulumente waba nexesha nzima, wafa nje emva kokusweleka kukatata wakhe.

UDade uPetros noYohane - neendlalifa etroneni - Princess Sophia, eneneni ezabiwe amandla abazalwana babo wathembela yabatoli. Kungenxa Sofya abantu zokufunda lokwenyaniso abakhubazekileyo yena waba eneneni yinkosi.

Noko ke, Abatoli wawufuna amalungelo zakhe Sofia bathe ekumnikeni. Inkonzo abancedisayo bakhe abanyanisekileyo wacinga ukuba kancinane, ngoko Russian umkhosi karhulumente ngelo xesha ndandibuthathaka kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa imikhosi kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Yintoni awayenzayo uPetros?

Njengoko usazi, indlela Petra Velikogo ukuba amandla kwakunzima kakhulu, wabathintela udade, efuna ukufa kwakhe. Ngenxa yoko, lo kumkani uselula ikwazile ukuwina balwa Sophia, waphathwa abathintela abaxhasi abatoli yayo.

Lo mlawuli oselula waphupha zoloyiso zomkhosi, kodwa apho bethathwa kwilizwe eye phantse akukho umkhosi rhoqo?

UPetros, kunye vehemence wakhe luphawu ngenzondelelo wasiphakamisa mbandela.

Ngoko ke, xa uPetros 1 Army kwabunjwa ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo ezintsha ngokupheleleyo.

King waqala nesibakala sokuba ezimbini "play-kwi" bakhe - kumila kumbi kunye bake - lahlala phantsi imodeli yaseYurophu. Wabayalela mercenaries amazwe. Komele abonisa icala okusemandleni alo ngexesha Azov emfazweni, ngoko sele 1698 imikhosi ezindala ithe yachithwa ngokupheleleyo.

Imbuyekezo, ukumkani wayalela ukuba ukuqesha amajoni ezintsha. Ukususela ngoku zonke zokusonjululwa lizwe emkhosini. Kwafuneka ukuba zinike inani elithile abafana wayesenamandla ngenxa yenkonzo yabo kukumkani kunye labo.

inguqu empini

Ngenxa yoko, wakwazi ukufumana abantu malunga-40 000, ngubani ziye zohlulwa 25 regiments elihamba kunye 2 mahashe. Bamabutho baye baba amagosa kakhulu kwamanye amazwe. amajoni Uqeqesho eyenziwa ngqongqo kakhulu kwaye imodeli yaseYurophu.

UPetros ukulinda ukuya kunye nomkhosi wakhe omtsha edabini. Noko ke, kwiphulo lakhe yokuqala yaphela nya e Narva.

Ke ukumkani akazange anikezele. Xa Peter 1 Army kwabunjwa ngokusekelwe ngenkani, kwaye yaba njengomqathango impumelelo yayo. Ngowe-1705 ukumkani wakhupha umyalelo njengoko apho iseti wayefanele ukuba ibe njalo.

Sasiyintoni nkonzo?

Service kuba amajoni inde kwaye nzima. Ubomi inkonzo engama-25. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba nesibindi ukuze alwe lijoni elula angavuka kwigosa isikhundla. UPetros akazange ungathanda inzala lazy zeentsapho afumileyo, ngoko ukuba waphawula ukuba igosa oselula uyakhululwa zibuye kude noxanduva lwayo inkonzo, gxebe, ungamconganga owakhe kuye.

ebaluleke ngokukodwa banikwa uqeqesho wamajoni wabanumzana, apho unyanzelekile ukuba enze emkhosini kunye iminyaka engama-25. Xa ngenxa yale nkonzo izidwangube evela iziza kaRhulumente somhlaba abalimi.

Yintoni eyatshintsha?

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba uluntu akathandanga ukuya emkhosini enzima, uzama ngandlela zonke ukuba babalekele kuyo (kubantu abatsha bathunyelwa convents, zibangelwa kwezinye amafa njalo njalo. E.), umkhosi uPetros I xa ekhula. Ngelo xesha, xa yaseSweden Korol Karl wagqiba ukuba yaphule ilizwe lethu, uPetros waba 32 regiments elihamba, 2 abalindi butho kunye 4 butho of grenadiers. Ukongeza, bekukho 32 Dragoons ezizodwa. Yaba kwamasoldati, yokuba angaba 60 amawaka baqeqeshwe kakuhle, phantsi umyalelo kwamagosa abanamava.

Loo mkhosi kwaba nempembelelo enkulu, nto leyo balinqabisa Russian Tsar uloyiso wakhe wamajoni kwixa elizayo.

Iziphumo zale nguqulelo uPetros

Ekugqibeleni, ukufa kwakhe ngo-1725 ukumkani wadala umatshini zomkhosi, hlukile ngamandla alo kunye nokusebenza kwimicimbi yasemkhosini. Kakade ke, ukudalwa Wezomkhosi Peter 1 - zekhadi omkhulu ukumkani. Ngaphezu koko, uKumkani uye wadala namaziko ezikhethekileyo zezoqoqosho ukuqinisekisa umkhosi wakhe ithuba yobukho, wadala mimiselo inkonzo, inkonzo yesinyanzelo yasemkhosini, njalo-njalo. D.

Kulo mkhosi siye sanyanzeleka ukuba babe ngabameli zonke iiklasi, kuquka abefundisi (ababingeleli owayesenza umsebenzi ngayo zabo).

Ngoko ke, singatsho ngokuzithemba ukuba phantsi Peter 1 Army kwabunjwa ngokusekelwe emkhosini jikelele. Yena womelela kwaye inkqubo wamajoni, indlela entle kwezentlalo ukuphunyezwa umsebenzi wayo ophambili - ukukhusela ilizwe ukusuka ubungozi kumaxesha ziinkathazo.

Ukubona ibutho abanjalo, amagunya Western nje akukho umnqweno kulwa ne-Russia, elibonelela ilizwe lethu ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso ngempumelelo kwinkulungwane elandelayo. Ngokubanzi, umkhosi yenziwe yi uPetros, iimpawu zayo engundoqo eyaqhubeka de-1917, xa yatshatyalaliswa ukumelana iziganeko abaziwayo yotshintsho olululo kwilizwe lethu.