Yan Yanovsky: engobomi, impumelelo kunye iinkumbulo

Yanovskiy Yan - bibliographer Polish, umbhali ezenzululwazi kunye nombingeleli. Umdla kumntu yakhe ibangelwa kukuba wenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso nesiko Poland ngenkulungwane XVIII. Ukongeza, waba ngomnye wabo wanceda ekwakheni abazalwana Zaluski kuqala zamathala eencwadi mahala Polish.

Yanovskiy Yan: Biography kwiminyaka yokuqala

Umbhali elizayo wazalwa ngoDisemba 1720 kwidolophu encinane Międzychód. Usapho lwakhe fanele loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubela-class Sorbian, ethandwayo phakathi inzala ngqo namaSerb. Kodwa ke phezu kwalo, ulwimi unina kaYohane yaba waseJamani, njengoko wathi zonke izalamane zakhe.

Senior Yanovsky wayeyindoda amanyathelo, ngoko phantse lonke iyasetyenziswa. Isonka kaloku nangamaplanga, neempahla ngaxeshanye bathunga kwenye workshops zakhe. UNyana Janowski wathumela ukufunda esikolweni St. Cross into e Dresden.

Kwixesha elizayo, imfundo yokomoya kuya kunceda Ian ufumane indawo ubalulekileyo ebomini bakhe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Pole oselula waye ngumfana unesiphiwo kakhulu yaye ngokukhawuleza lilo ezibonakalayo, bazisa notitshala. Ngaphezu koko, wathabatha indima ebonakalayo kubomi bokomoya yesikolo, nkqu wayecula amakhwenkwe choir kwigumbi yasekuhlaleni.

imfundo ephakamileyo

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, Yan Yanovsky wayengumfundi okhutheleyo nabasebenza ngenkuthalo. Ngenxa yoku 1738 wafumana inkxaso-mali yokufunda, leyo kamva echithwe kuqeqesho pfortskom zokufundisa University. Njengoko ngaphambili, uYesu wazibonakalisa ukuba kuphela icala elungileyo, elathi ukuba enze ngcono abaninzi abahlobo bakhe. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho i BH yonisu - umntu, kamva nempembelelo ngamandla bayahlelwa Yana Yanovskogo.

Nangona kunjalo, le yunivesithi ndafumana umfana nolwazi nje kuphela, kodwa uthando olutsha. Ngokutsho data ekhoyo, kuba umfundi, Yan Yanovsky ebangele umdla iincwadi zoncwadi. Lonke ixesha lakhe lolaleliso wayitshabalalisa ekufundweni zokuzonwabisa yakhe, Ukungalali kuhambo rhoqo kumathala kakhulu kwilizwe lethu.

Omaziyo oko kwatshintsha yonke into

Ngowe-1945, Yan Yanovsky waphinda watyelela kwithala Dresden. Apha lo mfana badibana nabahlobo, njengaye, ngayo yonke intliziyo yam wayemthanda iincwadi. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho BH yonisu - esele kwaziwa ngexesha bibliographer kunye nofundiswayo. Yaba nguye lowo ndawonye Janowski kunye Andzheya Zaluskogo.

Le ntlanganiso zatshintsha yonke into. Amadoda ngokukhawuleza wafumana ulwimi, yaye kungekudala Andrzej Jan wacela ukusebenzela umzalwana wakhe Yuzefa Zaluskogo. Indawo linomtsalane kakhulu - unobhala kunye unolayibrari. Ke ukuba wathembisa kuqala umvuzo olungileyo, owesibini ukuba baninzi kuhlala elayibrari.

Yan Yanovsky phantse nangoko yavuma ukuba abazalwana. NgoJuni 1745 ekugqibeleni wafudukela Warsaw, apho ayiqeshileyo igumbi. Iminyaka emihlanu elandelayo ngenkuthalo kuzaliseke yonke imisebenzi nguNobhala, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukuze bancede abazalwana elayibrari.

Kweenkonzo ezilungileyo Church

November 30, 1750 Yan Yanovsky wathabatha ukholo yamaKatolika. Ngaphezu koko, unike lasungulwa zokomoya, ngoko nangoko ekuveliseni ububingeleli asezantsi. Kunye ukholo entsha, wafumana igama yesibini uAndreya-Jozef.

NgoDisemba waloo nyaka wamiselwa ezaziza e Skalbmirskuyu ibhodi. Kule ofisi engcwele wahlala de-1760, emva koko watshintshelwa kwenye icawa Kiev kaThixo. Ubukhulu becala, lonke eli xesha, yena kanye wenza, oko iikhathalogu yamaKatolika zeencwadi, kuba abasamkelayo uxabiso enkulu ecaweni.

Zaluski ilayibrari

Igalelo ephambili Andrzej kunye Yuzefa Zaluskih kukudala ithala leencwadi lokuqala simahla ePoland. Ukulungiselela ukufunyanwa yakhe yaqala ngo-1742, kwaye isiqalo esemthethweni kwenzeka Agasti 8, 1747. Ngokuqhelekileyo, Yan Yanovsky nayo iye ngokusondeleyo inxaxheba kuphuhliso iprojekthi namabhongo.

Ekuqaleni, wanikwa kuphela ingxaki nje encinane. Yena wayebukele isakhiwo, yaba zeekhathalogu iincwadi ezikhoyo, bathathe inxaxheba ifandesi, njalo-njalo. Noko ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha abazalwana kuxhotyiswa ngokuphathelele Janowski, yaba yinxalenye yeqela yabo. Umzekelo, oku kwaziwa ukuba Jan Jozef wanceda ebhaliweyo kwisichazi-magama bibliographical Bibliotheca Polona Magna Universalis.

Banikwa bonke ubuhle nobubi Janowski, akumangalisi ukuba ngoSeptemba 1747 yafakwa emantloko Library entsha. Zaluski. Kunye namaqabane akhe wakwazi ukuqokelela ngaphezulu kwama-300 lamawaka. Kwaye-10 amawaka iincwadi. Imibhalo, nto leyo ilula feat ixesha.

Imemori kwimbali

Yintoni ushiyekayo kwisifundo Yanovskiy Yan? Photo bibliographer, Kakade ke, ngokuba ikhamera yokuqala iya kuba kuphela emva kokufa kwakhe. Noko ke, kukho nokukrola encinane obonisa Pole sele umdala. Kodwa nakuba kunjalo, inkumbulo yakhe uya kuphila ngonaphakade; ngokuba iziqhamo zomsebenzi wakhe nangoku igcinwe kwiNational Library. Zaluski. Ukongeza, ithala leencwadi kukodwa bubungqina bokuba Ian noAndreya, Yuzef Yanovsky indoda ebekekileyo kunye omkhulu.

Okulusizi kukuba lo mbhali Polish akazange akwazi ukulandela iphupha lakhe ekupheleni. Ukusebenza iincwadi kwakhokelela ekubeni kwamehlo akhe waqalisa ukuba maxongo. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1775 uyimfama ngokupheleleyo. balance ubomi Janowski wachitha abe ngumbingeleli. Wafa ngo-Oktobha 29, 1786 e Warsaw.