Yintoni a nentsomi zoncwadi: definition, imizekelo

Ngokuthe ngcembe, lo nentsomi boncwadi baba kwicala ezele uncwadi. Namhlanje, olu hlobo jikelele, kuba ibonakalisa izenzakalo leyinene, iingxaki zawo, impumelelo, impumelelo kunye nokusilela. Uxhulumaniso kunye intsomi ihleli injalo, ndawonye. Ngoko ke, zama ukuqonda oko lemfundo nentsomi.

definition

Okokuqala, makhe ukuchaza: a sentsomi - oku ngumsebenzi yabantu esibalisayo zemibongo, ebalisa iziganeko ecingelwayo namaqhawe. Amaninzi kunye inxaxheba nesenzeko kwamnandi kunye imilingo.

Ngoku sifunda ukuba onjalo nentsomi zoncwadi.

Olu uhlobo namabali ibali kwamnandi kwaye zomlingo, ezenzeka ehlabathini wokwenene okanye umlingo, nto leyo enze zombini yokwenene kunye nabalinganiswa etsomo. Umbhali zinokuzisa iingxaki yokuziphatha, yezentlalo, kunye nobugcisa kwimbali kunye modernity.

Le nkcazelo ezifanayo, kodwa yesibini, ngokusingisele nentsomi boncwadi, kukho imigaqo ethile kunye nokuphuculwa. Zichaphazela iindidi zabalinganiswa kunye izithuba, kwakunye ngokwembono lombhali kunye nomsebenzi.

Iimpawu zoncwadi nentsomi

Makhe dwelisa iimpawu eziphambili nentsomi zoncwadi:

• Oku kubonisa bayo kunye bulumko ngayo ixesha lakhe.
• Ngokuboleka nentsomi abalinganiswa, imifanekiso, amabali, iimpawu zolwimi kunye poetics.
• Iindibaniso lwamabali leyinene.
• umhlaba abahlekisayo.
• isiqalo umdlalo Present.
• Nokufuna psychologizing abalinganiswa.
• indawo yombhali kucaciswe.
• uvavanyo Social into eyenzekayo.

Folk and noncwadi nentsomi

Yintoni a nentsomi yoncwadi, eyahluke ngayo ukusuka abantu? tale yombhali kugqalwa uhlobo, ithathe abantu kunye nemigaqo zoncwadi. Yakhulela kuyo iintsomi, ukuguqula natshintsha iiyantlukwano zalo uhlobo. Sinokuthi sentsomi iye yaguquka yaba wokubhala.

Fairy yoncwadi tale uhamba uthotho izigaba, njengako yomgama zabo ukusuka mthombo wokuqala - a sentsomi. Sibala nabo ukuze lomgama okwandayo:

1. Simple ukurekhodwa iintsomi.
2. Obrabatyvanii ubhala iintsomi.
3. Ukubalisa ngamabali lombhali.
4. Xa tale umbhali ngayo ifomu ngaphakathi ezahlukeneyo ukusuka abantu kunye iintsomi izinto azifani, ngokuxhomekeke iinjongo zombhali.
5. Lumo kunye stylization - imisebenzi yabo ezinxulumene orientation zokufundisa.
6. tale yoncwadi nje kude kuloo ndawo abantu eqhelekileyo kunye nemifanekiso. Intetho kunye nesimbo intsomi tale kufutshane nesithethe boncwadi.

Yintoni kuvela intsomi isithethe iintsomi yoncwadi

Yintoni a nentsomi zoncwadi? Oku, njengoko sele bathi, ukuba iikhompawundi iincwadi namabali emveli. Ngoko ke, ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, ukufumanisa oko xa abantu ilifa boncwadi nentsomi.

Ababhali bakuse njengesiseko le folklores izifundo. Umzekelo:

• imvelaphi magic okanye ukuzalwa umlinganiswa ophambili;
• ukungathandi Umama wakhe indodakazi yakhe;
• hero Test ngokuyimfuneko kuthwala zokuziphatha;
• izilwanyana zibe abancedi hero, njalo njalo. n kuhlangulwa.

Ababhali ukuba kabi lawo abalinganiswa jasmay, imifanekiso, sanikwa imisebenzi ethile. Umzekelo:

• hero Ideal.
• hero Assistant efanelekileyo.
• Nabani na ithumela kwi umendo hero.
• -Sasazo izinto zobugqi.
• Umntu Ayize nakanye hero efanelekileyo kwaye uthintele benze okuthile.
• Ebaleke ngomlinganiswa okanye into.
• hero False - umntu ozama wokuthatha ngokuxhaphaza abanye abantu.

Isithuba kunye nexesha yehlabathi iintsomi idla yakhelwe phezu komthetho iintsomi. Le ndawo fantastic ngokungenammiselo, kwaye ixesha ebizwa ngokuba yimetabolism isenokucotha, ngoko ikhawulezisa, oku kwakhona lwemilingo baza Awekho imithetho leyinene. Umzekelo: isiqithi Buyan; Kude kude State ubukumkani tridesyatom; Ingaba kukho ityala elifutshane; kamsinya Tale wathi, kodwa kungekudala ukujongana yenziwe.

Ukuzama ukuba tale bakhe kubantu, ababhali baye babhenela ekusebenziseni intsomi intetho zemibongo: epithets, ezintathu uphindaphindo, colloquialisms, izafobe, amazwi, etc ...

Ukhankanye ukuba izithethe zesizwe, siye Ababa nako ukumphendula abazalwana ukuba onjalo nentsomi wokubhala kwawo uncwadi lwemveli. Ngoku makhe siqwalasele omnye icandelo nentsomi wethu - umsebenzi wokubhala, uze uzame ukuqonda ukuba yintoni eyahlula elifeni lesizwe.

Yintoni a nentsomi loncwadi kunye nendlela iyahluka ukusuka abantu

Imizekelo kunye uthelekiso yamabali zoncwadi iintsomi kuvumela ukuba ukuchonga inani lweeyantlukwano.

tale Umbhali lusoloko abhalwe, imbonakalo yayo aliguqukanga. Nangona lwemveli kudluliswe ngomlomo emlonyeni, yaye umbalisi ngamnye omtsha maxa ngokuthanda ukongeza into okanye uthathe kude.

Fairy yoncwadi tale luphawulwa ocolekileyo. Umbhali uzama ukuchaza ngokweenkcukacha kwendawo, iziganeko, ukwenza ukuba abalinganiswa ezisondeleyo kwinto ekhoyo ukuze umfundi uyakholelwa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ngoko ke, yintoni na nentsomi uncwadi, kodwa psychology of amaqhawe? Umbhali uzama ukuvavanya ihlabathi engaphakathi umlinganiswa, ukuba baveze iimvakalelo. Ngoko ke, Pushkin ngo "Tsar Saltan", obonisa ligorha intlanganiso umfazi kunye nonyana wakhe, uchaza: "Oko ukubetha umoya wenzondelelo ... oko Nathwala ukumkani zathi waxa iinyembezi." Xa iintsomi, oku akafumaneki.

Ershov, Pushkin, Odoyevski kunye nabanye ababhali ukuxoxa woyilobola abalinganiswa bakhe ngokupheleleyo lomlinganiswa. Yinto nje abalinganiswa ezithile ukuba uncwadi lwemveli, ngabantu yinxalenye zokuphila kunye neminqweno yabo, amava, kuphikisana. Nditsho jack kwi "I Tale of the Balda" Pushkin unika umlinganiswa obonisa njengabantwana.

Yiyiphi enye into ezahlukeneyo zoncwadi nentsomi

Yintoni a nentsomi zoncwadi? Iimpendulo kulo mbuzo inokufunyanwa kwi ethile uncwadi. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ibinzana eliqaqambileyo indawo yombhali. Xa sentsomi oko kuboniswa ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo, isimo ukuba kwenzeka ntoni, nto leyo kulula ukuthelekelela ngubani umbhali abalinganiswa, kwaye ngubani akayithandi okanye ihlekisa. Ngoko ke, echaza umbingeleli, uloyiko lwakhe nokunyoluka zendalo, Pushkin bahlekisa ngayo.

Fairy yoncwadi tale uya kusoloko kubonisa imbono zombhali ehlabathini, ukuqonda kwakhe ubomi kunye neengcamango. Siza kubona umbhali, iminqweno yakhe, imilinganiselo, ihlabathi yokomoya inkanuko. Kwi intsomi kunokuchaphazela kuphela iinjongo nokuxabiseka bonke abantu, yesazisi zombalisi iya kutshayelwa kulo.

Ngoko ke yintoni na nentsomi wokubhala ingqiqo yayo Classic? Le ukudityaniswa yesazisi yombhali kunye nezithethe zesizwe.

Imvelaphi kwemibhalo nentsomi

Esineengcambu nentsomi uncwadi ubuyela kudala. Kukho eyabhalwa umYiputa abazalwana ababini ukususela kwinkulungwane XIII. BC. e. Xa lo amaqhawe une iimbekiselo iintsomi, umzekelo, kumjikelo yiBhabhiloni kaGilgamesh,-Asiriya - kweli siko Ahikare in Greek - nguye "Iliad" yaye "Odyssey."

Ebudeni bamaXesha Aphakathi ibandla wasebenzisa nentsomi yoncwadi, ngokwenza umzekeliso. Eli siko iye yasinda kude kwekhulu XIX.

I Renaissance izinto namabali idluliselwe kwinoveli usebenzisa ukuba ukuyila uvuthondaba izinto yayisetyenziselwa.

Ukuvela kwemibhalo nentsomi

Kodwa kuphela kwinkulungwane XVIII. nokubhala nentsomi yaba uhlobo yokuluka ezimeleyo, ikakhulu ngenxa angathabatheki Romanticism amasiko esizwe. Ngelo xesha, ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, yintoni na nentsomi yoncwadi, imizekelo kwakuza kufuneka athathe Sharlya Perro kunye A. Galland eYurophu M. Chulkov eRashiya.

Ekhulwini XIX. tale ethandwayo zoncwadi ekhula. Ukuze kulungiswe le uhlobo Goethe, Chamisso, Teak, Edgar Allan Poe, Hoffmann, Andersen. iincwadi Russian lweli thuba ityebileyo iintsomi. It Vasily Zhukovsky, Alexander Pushkin, UNikolai Gogol, Tolstoy kunye nabanye.

iintsomi Pushkin kaThixo

Yintoni a nentsomi zoncwadi? Le nkcazelo siye ezinikwe apha ngentla, ziyibonisa ngokugqibeleleyo tale AS Pushkin. Ekuqaleni, abazange ukubala phezu koonyana, kodwa ngokukhawuleza bazibona isangqa abantwana ukufunda. Amagama boko zaziwa kuthi ukususela ebuntwaneni:

• "I Tale of Tsar Saltan".
• "I Tale umbingeleli kunye Workman Yakhe Balda".
• "I Tale of the Umlobi kunye Fish."
• "I Tale of the Dead Princess kunye amaqhawe-7."
• "I Tale of the Golden Cockerel".

Onke la mabali zinonxibelelwano sebali kunye abanam. Ngoko ke, "The Tale of Balda" ukhumbula intsomi "umkhonzi Shabarsh". "Umlobi kunye Fish" - "Umfazi obawayo omdala", nto leyo enika ukungena nembongi V. I. Dal, umqokeleli adumileyo lwemveli. "I Tale of Saltan" kufutshane sentsomi "ngabantwana emangalisayo." Pushkin wabona lwemveli imixholo pholisa kunye nezifundo uncwadi. Ngoko ke, lo tale imbongi ngcono kunokuba nayiphi na inkcazelo unako ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni nentsomi zoncwadi.

Ushwankathe- "I Tale umbingeleli kunye Workman Yakhe Balda"

Cinga omnye iintsomi Pushkin kaThixo. Umongo wale uvuthondaba tale kwi abefundisi ekhohlisa abantu. Wagculelwa kuba iimpawu zomntu: baziziyatha, ukubawa luhanahaniso. Ukubawa pop ugqiba ukuziqeshela umkhonzi iipeni abaza kwenza umsebenzi onzima. Kusibiza onegunya ukunyanzela ukuba uvume Balde. Kodwa njengoko sisondela ebala ngayo upopu uyavuka inkohliso, ulunya - wagqiba ekubeni abulale umqeshwa.

Tale zange ishicilelwe kule fomu, i censors endaweni pop kwi Merchant Dunces. Kodwa ke umongo ihlala tale efanayo - waqhubeka ukwenza intlekisa imikhwa yabantu.

Kule ngantsomi, njengokuba abanye, Pushkin kudala oonobumba engqondweni ephucukileyo. umbhali ngamnye unika iimpawu umlinganiswa nobuntu. A stihotvoren ulwimi ke, ngathi kufutshane xa abantu. Pushkin ebesoloko bafuna ukumsa kude le ndinyana yimikhuba zoncwadi kwinto ngakumbi elula, bhetyebhetye, free. Zonke ezi mpawu wafumana ngo abantu art.

Ngoko ke, lo nentsomi zoncwadi uba ubutyebi bembali yophuhliso, ukuba umxube eyodwa lwemveli kunye copyright imisebenzi kwaye gqolo ngokwanda kule mini.