Yintoni na interactionism yokomfuziselo?

In owayephila yokuhlalisana inzululwazi, kukho eminye imibono kakhulu ezinkulu anokuthi ngokuba paradigmatic. Interactionism yokomfuziselo - enye yezi mbono, nto leyo isekelwe kwinto yokuba unxibelelwano (unxibelelwano) abantu eluntwini kwenzeka ngonxibelelwano, olusekelwe kwimveliso kunye nokunakana abalinganiswa abathile. Umntu uphendula isivuseleli kwihlabathi lwangaphandle zendalo nezentlalo ngokungangqalanga, utolika yinene imifanekiso, iimpawu, iisimboli, uze uchaze ezi nemiqondiso inkqubo zokunxibelelana nabanye abantu. interactionism lokomfuziselo, abameli abadumileyo kuzo oosonzululwazi yaseMelika kwezentlalo uYohane. G. Mead (1863-1931) kunye G. Bloomer (1900-1986), hlaziya ehlangana nabantu lwesihloko lwabo fanekisela. Le ngcamango le ngcamango - intsebenziswano (Interaction) yinto utshintshiselwano zabalinganiswa.

J. interactionism yokomfuziselo. Mead isekelwe kwinto yokuba imbonakaliso ubunyani bomntu ixhomekeke namava akhe kunye nabanye abantu, ingakumbi kwimbono yehlabathi, wena kunye nabanye abantu, ukuze ukuba umbono efanelekileyo kunye neenqobo ifuzisela ubunyani lwentlalo zabanye. Ngokutsho uYohane. Meade uluntu kunye ngamnye kwezentlalo (social "I") siqukwe kuluhlu iinkqubo yolwalamano interindividual. theory interactionism fanekisela lubonisa ukuba isimboli linokuthetha into, isiganeko okanye nesenzeko, kwaye ibandakanya ezinye asabela yabantu kuyo, leyo luboniswe izinto ezithile zentlalo esifanelekileyo isimilo. Ukongeza, i-Uphawu - liyindlela apho abantu bethetha naxa benxibelelana nabanye. lokomfuziselo interactionism ngo kwabantu esekelwe utoliko zokuziphatha kwabantu, apho iisimboli "visible" nadlulisela ulwazi olunentsingiselo ebantwini.

Sinokholo enkulu kaYohane. Mead na waba indima-ukudlala theory ubuntu, njengoko apho umntu, ukuba nentsusa kwento kunye neempawu ezithile azimisele nge ephunyeziweyo kwiindima zentlalo kunye nemisebenzi ngamnye kule meko ludibaniso kwiindima zentlalo, yathinjwa kwindlela olwimi yeesimboli kunye nezinye lokomfuziselo systems. Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo zokwamkelwa iindima entlalo yomntu ngamnye iphuhlisa kwakhe - ubuchule bomntu, ukuba azimise njengoko into yokucinga kwakhe.

selfhood yabantu kuphuhliso waso izigaba ezimbini:

1) Inkundla komdlalo, xa umntwana iqala ukudlala indima yokuba engekho yakhe (utitshala, ugqirha, pilot);

2) Isigaba ukhuphiswano, xa uthatha inxaxheba kolu khuphiswano, umntwana ubona wazikhuphulula kwezo emehlweni nabanye abantwana.

Naliphi na iqela loluntu . Enika umntu ingqiqo yentlangano, uJ Mead ubiza oku: "ngokubanzi abanye." ngamnye ubona yena phantsi "ezinye jikelele."

A umlandeli abafundi kaYohane. Mead nososayensi Herbert Blumer waba postulates asisiseko le ngcamango. Ngu G. Bloomer interactionism yokomfuziselo isekelwe kwimigaqo ezintathu ezingundoqo:

1) Abantu kungekudala ngokuvisisana lwamaxabiso, leyo unika izinto, iziganeko ngezimanga, kunokuba nje kusabela yokukhuthaza zangaphandle zendalo nezentlalo;

2) amaxabiso ezibhaliweyo akukho njengoko esisigxina, pre-aliqulunqileyo rhoqo, ezisetyenziswa ngayo, azivelele notshintsho kwintsebenziswano;

3) Amaxabiso ezibhaliweyo zibangelwa zonyango yenziwe kwiimeko intsebenziswano (ezilunxibelelwabo).

Xa imisebenzi yakhe G. Bloomer siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha yokuziphatha adibeneyo zabantu, nto leyo esekelwe kwiinqobo eziqhelekileyo, iisimboli, ozilindele ekwabelwana liqela loluntu. Oku kakhulu isoloko ukuziphatha abazi abathile kweli qela, kodwa ukuziphatha iqela kulogo, ezifana intshukumo isihlwele, yidyudyu, njl Oku kuziphatha kungenzeka iimeko zokuphula lwamaxabiso eyamkelekileyo, iintlobo eqhelekileyo yobukho. G. Bloomer, kunye namaqela avele nayo yafunda iintlobo nzile zokuziphatha lwentlalo - iintshukumo zentlalo, kwaye iintshukumo kunye nemvuselelo wesizwe, kunye ecacileyo isakhiwo umbutho yaye ayila ngokusekelwe amaxabiso eziqhelekileyo.