Yintoni na izixhobo wothungelwano osebenzayo?

Nayiphi na inkampani mihla (isakhiwo lwamashishini ofisi, mveliso, online ivenkile it.d.) isebenzisa ngenxa yayo imisebenzi inethiwekhi esuka kwikhompyutha. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa kukho iikhompyutha ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ukuze kube lula ukuze adlulisele data eyimfuneko phakathi izixhobo. Kakade ke, angenela control le nkqubo. Loo umsebenzi ojongene kuthatha kwizixhobo womnatha.

Luni lwezixhobo? It is a iseti izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze isikolo sisebenze kakuhle inethiwekhi elilungelelanisiweyo. Oku kuquka imizila, itshintshela, neenafu, iiphaneli patch, njalo-njalo. Kwelinye icala, ezi zixhobo zahlulwe izixhobo esebenzayo neyokwenziwa network. Namhlanje ndifuna ukunixelela kancinci malunga fom yokuqala.

Ngenxa yoko, izixhobo womnatha esebenzayo - a izixhobo ezikhethekileyo elektroniki ukuba babe iipropati "ukhaliphile" ezithile. Ubukhulu becala ezi ziquka imizila (marshtutizatory) nezixhobo zokucima nokuvula.

A iswitshi isixhobo uthungelwano apho iikhompyutha data exchange omnye komnye. Zisetyenziswa ukuqhagamshela domain womnatha kwezigaba, kodwa ukunqanda ukulahleka kwengcaciso zesini. Le izixhobo womnatha esebenzayo i zombini ilawulwe olungalawulwayo.

Engaphathwanga asebenza kwi siseko, ekwabizwa ngokuba iidilesi algorithm iphelelwe. Le fowuni ine yokuvuna kukuba kuvela into yokuba bafumana idilesi ipakethe, esingekoyo kwitheyibhile efanelekileyo, iswitshi ezenziwa isicelo losasazo, ekhokelela ukuqalisa ijelo lonxibelelwano kwaye ngenxa yoko yokuncipha kwenani yokusebenza womnatha. Kwaye uthungelwano enjalo ukuzikhusela ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokuhlasela zangaphakathi.

Ngokuphathelele itshintshela ilawulwa, isixhobo wothungelwano ngenkuthalo kusetyenziswa ukunyusa isantya ngokuthumela iinkcukacha, ngokunjalo nokuphucula intsebenzo womnatha. Phantsi kwinethiwekhi ulawulo na inqanaba eliphezulu lokukhuselwa. Uninzi lomsebenzi usebenzisa ngumphakamo wesibini yothungelwano OSI model.

itshintshela zomzila sele ukusebenza esqwini kwinqanaba lesithathu. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwabo njengoko ingundoqo yothungelwano. Kwezinye iimeko, ezi zixhobo into buyisela imizila.

Ngoku makhe sithethe yintoni a umzila. Lo isixhobo womnatha esebenzayo ukuba sisebenze kwinqanaba OSI wesithathu. Yenzelwe ukunika ukufikelela kuthungelwano lwehlabathi lwe zasekuhlaleni kunye namalungiselelo womnatha lwamashishini asasazwa, olunika unikezelo kwi umqeshwa ngamnye ulwazi abalufunayo. Kwakhona inokusetyenziswa ukuseka firewalls ukuba asithe yangaphandle network bangenele.

Kodwa kukho screens iintsimbi zisetyenziswa phakathi yothungelwano. Zibizwa ngokuba firewall. Ingaba iiseva ezingcwele apho isoftware ifakiwe (Operating System, Network Virtual Private kunye firewall). Kwakhona ukunika ukhuseleko womnatha kwaye athintele ukufikelela kwi Internet amacebo kunye izisongelo.