Yintoni uluhlu lweentlobo eziphilayo: definition. Ubume uluhlu lweentlobo

Abameli nayiphi taxon eziphilayo ungayidlulisa kuphela indawo ethile yomhlaba okanye olwandle. Le ndawo kuthiwa uluhlu lweentlobo, uhlobo, usapho naziphi na izinto eziphilayo.

Yintoni uluhlu lweentlobo eziphilayo. definition

Le ndawo ethile lizwekazi, okanye elwandle, nto leyo ixesha elide umiwe inane kweentlobo ezithile. Science ukuba ufunda zokuhlala ebizwa arealogiya. Ibhekisela kuluhlu biogeologii ngenxa Oku kuquka omabini amaqela taxonomic zezinto eziphilayo neendawo eziphila kuzo.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ingqikelelo ichaza kuphela iindidi, abaphengululi kwakhona uhlola ummandla zokuhlala kwamanye amaqela taxonomic ezifana kwisizukulwana, iintsapho okanye ohlobo. Kwezi zohlaza indima ebalulekileyo edlalwa ohlobo yakhona ngenxa bakwazi ukunika umfanekiso ocacileyo nasekusungulweni iziganeko kule ndawo. Ngoko ke, uluhlu lweentlobo ngumlinganiselo yokuba izinto zazivelela.

Yintoni yahlukile ingqikelelo indawo le ndawo?

Indawo - yeqondo kwimaphu, eyafunyanwa abameli kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukungqinwa kwindawo entsha isoloko isityalo herbarium evulekileyo, apho lityikitye nkongomiso ngqo lokukhula. Indawo izilwanyana badla ukuchaza, emva koko amanqaku abekwa kwimephu lweentlobo yobubanzi yaye efunda.

Yintoni uluhlu lweentlobo? Oku eneneni iseti iindawo zohlobo olufanayo / zenyathi izityalo kunye nezilwanyana. Ingaba ezi ndawo zikufutshane okanye hayi. Xa kunjalo, babonisa umfanekiso jikelele ukunwenwa eziphilayo.

iintlobo 3 isukela iimephu

Kuxhomekeke ufuna njani ngokuchanekileyo ukuze ichaza uluhlu lweentlobo, esebenzisa iintlobo ezintathu amakhadi:

1. imephu Spot. Kusoloko kusetyenziswa ngokohlobo amachaphaza amancinci indawo kwemiphakathi lweentlobo.

2. imephu Dot-nentaba. Oku isicelo kwakhona uhlobo esisiseko yokuhlala, kodwa ukongezelela koko encircles iingongoma kakhulu kwi mephu. Ngenxa yoko, sibona indawo apho iindawo ipeyintwe yokubuyekezwa izityalo kunye nezilwanyana.

3. Outline-namthanyana ikhadi. Eli khadi lo echanileyo ubuncinane. Lubonakala yi ariya ethile, nto leyo ipeyintiweyo ngokupheleleyo phezu shtrishkami.

Nantso into uluhlu lweentlobo nendlela zinganikezelwa ukuba.

iintlobo eziphila

Kuxhomekeka kwindlela indawo kubekwe phezu komhlaba okanye elwandle, kunokuba ezikhulu okanye ezincinane, emxinwa okanye ububanzi, okuqhubekayo okanye discontinuous. Nganye kwezi mpawu zinokudityaniswa kunye nabanye. Umzekelo, ukuba indawo ebanzi ye oonomyayi ngakanye, kwaye yikhangaru - encinane, emxinwa, kodwa esiqinileyo.

amabanga eziqinileyo zahlulwe iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi:

1. zoster. Olu hlobo yokuhlala eqhelekileyo ukuba isininzi iintsapho kunye kwisizukulwana. Ulaneka ecaleni inkululeko, yonke ubude umhlaba udla umgama endilisekileyo.

2. zokuhlala Khan, phezu koko, yayolulekele ecaleni ithe cwaka. Olu hlobo ibhanti isoloko uhlobo elilinganiselweyo. indawo neqanda babe iintlobo ezininzi eziphilayo, yaye ezinye kwisizukulwana / iintsapho.

3. Circumpolar. iindawo ezinjalo Aquka iindawo ezibandayo.

4. Thokoza okanye fringed, - iindawo imilo engagunyaziswanga, kunye nobuninzi convolutions, amasebe kunye izitenxo kwimaphu.

Ngenxa yoko, le zokuhlala ngakanye zahlulwe zibe iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela:

1. Disjunctive (eqwengiweyo) engenanto. Olu hlobo luphawulwa kwiindawo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu data enye zohlobo olufanayo, apho ibekwe kude enye kwenye. Ngokomzekelo, omnye kwezahlulo ndawo inokuba eYurophu, yaye omnye - eMelika.

2. zokuhlala Point. peculiarity wabo bakuzisele kunye inani elikhulu kwiindawo ezincinane ezi zilwanyana lonke mhlaba okanye ulwandle intsimi.

3. zokuhlala Belt. Bamele indawo eqhubekayo, neqwengiweyo iintlango, imiwonyo, ezintabeni.

Ubume uluhlu lweentlobo. Njani ukuba kwimida ndawo?

Yintoni uluhlu lweentlobo kunye nemida yayo? Ubume uluhlu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Kuxhomekeka nefuthe lazo kwi mephu uvelisa iindidi uhlobo umda indawo yokuhlala. Ziziphi izizathu wabumba indawo umda? Kutheni ke okuqinileyo kwaye batwabulule phezu yonke indawo ilizwe?

1. umda sezulu. Ezo zinto abiotic njengoko ukuhamba ukukhanya, ukufuma, etyuwa, ukwakheka komhlaba, zingachaphazela kakhulu nokwabiwa kweentlobo. Ezinye izinto eziphilayo enokumelana elolo hlobo apho abanye ife.

2. Umda ivaleke. imida ezinjalo akhiwa ngenxa yokuba abantu kweentlobo ezithile nga hlula xihinga. Kusenokuba iintaba, emathafeni, kumathafa, iintlango, imizimba omkhulu wamanzi, njl Kufakwe izakhiwo zabantu.

3. nomda zasemanzini. Ingxaki lezilwanyana ukhuphiswano kunye nezityalo ehlabathini uye wema ongaphambili. Umzimba awukwazi ukuhlala nokwanda kwindawo apho kukho iintshaba ezinokwenzeka. Ngoko ke, ezinye iintlobo yokuphepha abanye, ngaloo ndlela kusekwe umda phakathi zibe ngabameli maqela mabini.

Iimeko ezenza indawo

Yintoni na indawo biology, ke ngoku icace, kodwa siya kwenziwa njani? Ziziphi izinto negalelo koku?

Eyona yokuqala ebaluleke kakhulu - ukukwazi kwezityalo nezilwanyana ezifumaneka kuphela kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo yobukho bawo. Umzekelo, amahobe awukwazi kuphila kwi North Pole, kodwa ngokugqibeleleyo apha naphaya kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezininzi. Konke kuxhomekeke awo le umba kokusingqongileyo, kwakunye namandla ukusasaza. Ngoko ke, ngenxa kwamaphiko izinambuzane Sendisicwaba phantse kuzo zonke iimbombo planethi, ngelixa ummandla lomsundulu lincinane kakhulu.

meko zemvelo into yesibini. Ngakumbi nangakumbi ngayo ubomi eziphilayo zichaphazela izinto zabantu. Umntu unako ukunceda uze ugcine iintlobo, kwaye zonakalise indalo, ukuba siyitshabalalise; ukuzoba izibonelelo ezimbalwa iinkuni, nezentsimbi ekrwada, namafutha enziwe ngeefosili anqongophele.

Musa ukulibala ulwazi ngeziganeko zendalo, nto leyo kwakhona negalelo okanye ngokuchasene noko, ukuba nzima uphuhliso uhlobo oluthile. Imo yezulu, iinyikima zomhlaba, mlilo, izaqhwithi, iinkanyamba - konke oku kuchaphazela ubomi eziphilayo, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, ukuba awabe kubo.

Ekugqibeleni, omnye wemiba na ubudala iqela taxonomic. Ngokomzekelo, xa gymnosperms zaye akhulayo isebe yobukumkani zezityalo. Namhlanje, Noko ke, ngo-ecosystem alawulwa angiosperms. Oku kubangelwa ikakhulu kwinkqubo nasekusungulweni izinto kwaye isiXhosa - kunye neenkqubo zendalo ezenzeka ngaxesha kummandla yokuhlala. Nantso into uluhlu lweentlobo.