Zokusombulula Linear zibalo

Creative GAUSS esikhethekileyo umbutho ephilayo phakathi izibalo ithiyori kwaye aluncedo, ubunzulu iingxaki. umsebenzi GAUSS kaThixo waba negalelo elikhulu ukuyilwa algebra (isiqinisekiso elikuwo ezingundoqo nenzululwazi), isisombululo kwizibalo linear le thiyori amanani (kumphezulu zejometri lwangaphakathi), physics zezibalo (umgaqo Gaussian), ithiyori umbane kunye ubutsalane, geodesy (ukunika indlela izikwere ezincinane) kwaye phantse onke amacandelo ngeenkwenkwezi.

"Uphando Izibalo"

I yokuqala ngqa kweli kwindalo enkulu GAUSS - "uphando Izibalo" (epapashwe ngo-1801), nto leyo phantse yonke iminyaka yobomi bakhe. Emva ukuyilwa - amacandelo inqununu yokalo emileyo - theory inani nemathematika phambili, kuquka isisombululo kwizibalo yomgama.

Yenani elikhulu iziphumo amancinci kunye nenqununu kuluhlu "uphando Izibalo", kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ingqiqo ngokupheleleyo iintlobo equation ', kwaye ubungqina lokuqala umthetho kuphindaphindeko equation. Ekupheleni ubomi bakhe GAUSS kukhokelela kwisangqa ogqibeleleyo ingqikelelo yokuzahlula kwizibalo, ebonisa banxulumane imisebenzi yokwakha weepholigoni zingqineke sele kumaxesha amandulo, isakhono wokwakha ikhampasi kunye yepholigoni lokulinganisa othembekileyo kunye nenani elichanekileyo lamacala.

Lo wambonisa zonke amanani apho ulwakhiwo wepoligoni lokwenyaniso ukusebenzisa irula kunye nekhampasi kunokuba elula. Oku kuthiwa-njalo "ezintlanu amanani eqhelekileyo Gaussian ezahlukeneyo", amathathu anesihlanu, elinesixhenxe, kunye amabini, anamanci mahlanu-asixhenxe 65.237, wada banda zikumanqanaba ahlukeneyo integers ezimbini Gaussian. Umzekelo, ukuba ukwakha ngoncedo kwezixhobo ofisi othembekileyo (3h5h17) - gon uvumelekile kwaye zichanekile 7-gon akunakwenzeka, ekubeni nani ayikho Gaussian, it has inani njengesiqhelo.

Ekhaya algebra saziwe

Ngegama GAUSS nangoku wacofa saziwe engundoqo algebra, njengoko apho inani iingcambu polynomial (wokwenene leqela) iyafana (kunye iingcambu lwamanani inguqu ingcambu ezinzima ziya kuthathelwa ingqalelo izihlandlo ezininzi kwisigaba wayo). ukuqinisekisa yokuqala elikuwo eziphambili algebra GAUSS wenza ngo-1799, yaye kamva wenza isithembiso kodwa ezithile mali ubungqina.

processing kokuma

ingqiqo engafanelekanga ukuba bonke ootitshala beeSayensi ukusingatha inkqubo enjalo, njengoko neendlela zokusombulula iinkqubo kwizibalo, ziqulunqwe GAUSS, bayakwazi ukufumana amaxabiso amandla ngakumbi imilinganiselo. Ingakumbi ukuthandwa wenziwa ngu GAUSS ngo-1821. indlela izikwere ubuncinane. Izazinzulu wabeka umva kwaye siyimise ithiyori yeempazamo.

Intsingiselo izifundo GAUSS

Phantse yonke bayityhilelweyo ngoku, isifundo enkulu Carl GAUSS abazange ukupapasha ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Bagciniwe ngohlobo imizobo, izincoko, leyo yakhutshelwa yi namaqabane akhe. Idatha Uphononongo wenza imisebenzi Göttingen kuluntu lwezenzululwazi, nto yeza ukupapasha imithamo ezilishumi imisebenzi GAUSS. ngumsebenzi omnandi kakhulu kwaye ezithandwayo "Ukusombulula Linear zibalo" epapashwe kwexesha njengokuba ngengozi wafumana idayari yakhe ngala ngxelo.

Umsebenzi lwenzululwazi kaCharles isekelwe yokusombulula quadratic yomgama. izibalo Applied uphunyeziwe ngokupheleleyo isiseko inxalenye emalunga nenzululwazi, yanikwa ebunzimeni. Ukuze iingcamango kwafuneka balwa, kwakukho buchopho abaninzi babefuna ukuba babhiyozele umxholo izisombululo kwizibalo yomgama.

isifundo arithmetic yaba nefuthe elikhulu ukuyilwa ezayo theory inani algebra. imithetho ngokufanayo nokuba kule mini uphethe indawo ebalulekileyo algebra. Le Isazinzulu enkulu akazange uncwadi, kuyimfuneko ukusebenza yimveliso ezifana "uphando Izibalo", "isigqibo matrix ngu GAUSS 'yaye' Solution kwizibalo yomgama", lonke ulwazi awayemthabathile, njengoko bathi, entlokweni yam.