"Abantu okungeyomfuneko" kule ncwadi. Komxholo othi "umntu eyolukileyo" ngoncwadi Russian

"Abantu okungeyomfuneko" kwiincwadi - ezi imifanekiso ziqhelekile iprozi Russian kwinkulungwane yama-yeshumi elinesithoba. Imizekelo efana kwimisebenzi yobugcisa - umxholo wenqaku.

Eyaqamba ibinzana elithi?

"Abantu okungeyomfuneko" kwi ncwadi - zabalinganiswa ebonakala ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Ngubani na igama yavela ayaziwa. Mhlawumbi Herzen. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo - uAleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin. Ngapha koko, imbongi enkulu Russian wakha wathi Onegin lakhe - "man eyolukileyo". Ngenye indlela, lo mfanekiso imiswe ngokuqinileyo ngemisebenzi kwabanye ababhali.

umfundi ngamnye azithethi ukufunda Romana Goncharova, yena uwuqonde lo hero yoncwadi, njengo Oblomov. Le ubuntu kuyinto ummeli kwihlabathi umnini ubudala, yaye ngoko ke asikwazi ukuqhelana entsha.

iimpawu Common

I "Abantu extra" ezifumaneka imisebenzi ezakudala ezifana I. S. Turgenev, M. Yu. Lermontov. Ngaphambi kokuba siqwalasele nganye abalinganiswa, leyo ekunokuthiwa kolu didi, kandziyisa kwihi. "Abantu okungeyomfuneko" kwi ncwadi - ngamagorha eziphikisanayo, xa uphikisana kunye noluntu kuyo banendawo. Ngenxa umthetho, nabo ndayihluthwa uzuko, nobutyebi.

izibonelo

"Abantu okungeyomfuneko" kwiincwadi - kukho abalinganiswa yaziswa ngumbhali kwimeko njengomphambukeli. Bona ufundile abangaxhalabisiyo, kodwa ulwazi lwabo unsystematic. "Indoda ononyawo" akanakuba kanzulu okanye umphengululi, kodwa yena a 'amandla yomgwebo ", isipho nobugagu. Kwaye ke inkalo ephambili yale boncwadi - sengqondo ubajongela phantsi kwabanye. Ngokomzekelo, khumbula Onegin Pushkin kaThixo, musa ukudibanisa nabamelwane.

"Abantu okungeyomfuneko" kwiincwadi Russian kwinkulungwane ye-19 baba ngamagorha ngubani ongabona ezimbi yoluntu mihla, kodwa andazi ukuba ukulwa njani. Bayazi malunga neengxaki zehlabathi. Kodwa ke, yeha, isixando kakhulu ukuze utshintshe into.

oonobangela

Characters ekuthethwe ngayo kweli nqaku wabonakala phezu amaphepha imisebenzi ababhali Russian nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba Nicholas. Ngo-1825 kwakukho mvukelo le Decembrists. eminyaka elandelayo, urhulumente kukoyika, kodwa ngeli xesha kwakukho umoya nenkululeko yoluntu, umnqweno utshintsho. nkqubo uNicholas I yaba kakhulu impikiswano.

Ushintsho ukumkani yazise iyilelwe ukwenza ubomi lula kumafama, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ukwenza yonke into ukomeleza lobuzwilakhe. Alwa ukuvela izangqa ezahlukeneyo apho nxaxheba kuxoxwe kwaye wagxeka urhulumente yangoku. Umnini-mhlaba yokuphila nyanyisa abantu abaninzi abafundileyo. Kodwa ke ingxaki kukuba nxaxheba namaqela ngamaqela ezopolitiko ababekolo uluntu, nto leyo ngesiquphe wavutha kunye nentiyo.

Izizathu ngokuba ukuvela 'amadoda akufuneki "kwiincwadi Russian kusekelwe ukuvela uhlobo elitsha ibutho labantu, ayamkelwa oluvela kuluntu hayi ndibuthabathe. Loo mntu umi ngaphandle esihlweleni, yaye ke ngoko kubangela ukudideka kunye ukuluma.

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, ingcamango "womntu eyolukileyo", kuqala eyaziswa iincwadi Pushkin. Nangona kunjalo, lo gama thile imfiliba. Abalinganiswa olukungquzulwano-bume yentlalo, wabonakala kule ncwadi ngaphambili. Ophambili of comedy Griboyedov inemisebenzi ezendeleyo kolu hlobo ngabo. Ngaba sinokuthi Chatsky ngumzekelo le "ndoda eyolukileyo"? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo emfutshane comedy.

Chatsky

Griboyedov hero uqhubukusha iziseko famusovskogo amileyo yoluntu. Yena ichasa servility nokumxelisa beemfama fashion French. Ayizi akanakuhlala ngaphandle ingqalelo evela kuluntu abameli famusovskogo - Hlestova, hryuminyh, ZAGORETSKY. Ngenxa yoko, Chatsky baziva engaqhelekanga, ukuba bathi ziingqondo.

Griboyedov hero - ummeli eluntwini eliphezulu, equka abantu abafuni ukubeka up kunye umyalelo reaction kunye yokutyiwa elidlulileyo. Ngenxa yoko, sinokuthi umxholo 'umntu eyolukileyo "wavuswa kuqala umbhali" Yeha ukusuka Wit ".

Eugene Onegin

Kodwa ke uninzi ncwadi sibonisa ukuba lo nguye iqhawe yokuqala "womntu eyolukileyo" kwi iprozi nemibongo ngababhali Russian. Onegin - umnumzana, "yindlalifa nentsapho yakhe yonke." Yena wayefundiswa a njee kakhulu, kodwa alinayo nayiphi na olunzulu ulwazi. Bhala uthethe isiFrentshi, ngokwendalo aziphathe kuluntu, ukucengceleza zezicatshulwa ezimbalwa ukusuka imisebenzi ababhali bamandulo - oku ngokwaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba udale i sithandwe ehlabathini.

Onegin - ungummeli obabuthandwa kuluntu yeengcungcu. Yena akazange akwazi "ukusebenza nzima", kodwa uyakwazi kukhanya kuluntu. Ukhokela i nanjongo, ubukho bengasebenzi, kodwa ayilotyala lakhe kulo. Eugene waba yintoni nguyise wakhe, owasinikayo iibhola ezintathu ngonyaka. Uhlala njengoko kukho uninzi yezikhulu Russian. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo kubo, ngaxa ethile iqala ukuba ukudinwa, unxunguphalo.

isizungu

Onegin - "man eyolukileyo". Yena ogqunywe ngokunxaxha, ezama ukuthatha mna luncedo. Kuluntu apho yena, ngokuthamba na icandelo esisiseko yobomi. Kukhal ukusuka kwindawo eqhelekileyo Onegin namava akhe.

Eugene kuqala uzama ukubhala. Kodwa ke umbhali nto iphuma. Emva koko waqalisa ukufunda ngehlombe. Noko ke, kule ncwadi Onegin akafumani ulwaneliseko yokuziphatha. Emva koko lihambe liye endlwini uyisekazi ungasekhoyo, owayalela ukuba kwilali yakhe. Apha, eliselula lakomkhulu, ibiya kubonakala, efumana umsebenzi. Wenza ubomi lula kumafama: sithatha indawo nerhafu idyokhwe ukukhanya. Noko ke, la manyathelo ezilungileyo ilothe nto.

Uhlobo "Indoda eyolukileyo" kwiincwadi Russian bubonakala wesithathu yokuqala kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Kodwa yi-kwinkulungwane ye, umlinganiswa wazuza izinto ezintsha. Onegin Pushkin kaThixo kakhulu kwisixando sokwenziwa. Waba ngendelelo abanye, yena uhlala kwi udakada kwaye kukwazi ukuba balahle iindibano kunye ubuhlanga yena ngokwakhe uyasigxeka. Cinga eminye imizekelo "womntu eyolukileyo" kwiincwadi.

Pechorin

Iingxaki zabantu bazitshitshisela, yamkelwa ngokomoya uluntu abezingcwalisile umsebenzi Lermontov kaThixo "A uHero Ixesha Wethu". Pechorin, kwakunye ubuntu Pushkin lelakhe amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu. Kodwa yena ndandidiniwe emimiselweni kuluntu yeengcungcu. Pechorin akumnandanga ukutyelela iibhola, nezidlo, amaqela iholide. acinezela Its iincoko ekruqulayo nenjongo ezibanjiswe phandle iziganeko ezinjalo.

On imizekelo Onegin kwaye Pechorin ukuba neyongezelelwe ingcamango "womntu eyolukileyo" kuncwadi Russian. Le umlinganiswa, leyo, ngenxa ehlukanisiwe abathile bevela kuluntu uzuza iimpawu ezifana zodwa, ukuzingca, sokugxeka kunye nenkohlakalo.

"Memoirs Yomntu eyolukileyo"

Kanti ke, mhlawumbi, nombhali ingcamango "Abantu akufuneki" - I. S. Turgenev. Abahlalutyi abaninzi zoncwadi bakholelwa ukuba nguye eyaqamba kota. Ngokutsho kwabo, Onegin kunye Pechorin koko zichongwe "amadoda nesilima", nangona bathe ayinanto yakwenza umfanekiso owadalwa Turgenev. Umbhali uye ibali ebizwa ngokuba 'Memoirs Yomntu ononyawo. " Iqhawe le piece uziva ngathi ngumphambukeli ekuhlaleni. Lo mlinganiswa uzibiza njalo.

Yeyona "umntu eyolukileyo" ligorha inoveli "Ooyise and Sons" - ingongoma moot.

Bazarov

In "Ooyise and Sons" ubonisa uluntu kwenkulungwane ye-yeshumi elinesithoba. Ezinzima iimpikiswano kwezopolitiko ngeli xesha ifikelele incopho yawo. Kwezi iimbambano, kwicala elinye benkululeko, Democrats, yaye omnye - i-revolution Democrats-proletariats. Bobabini bayazi ukuba iyafuneka utshintsho. Democrats Revolutionary-nye nonke, ngokuchaseneyo kwabachasi zabo, bazimisela ukuya eziqhelekileyo kakhulu.

iingxabano zopolitiko ukungena kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Kakade ke, baba isihloko iincwadi ezingamabali kunye ngokwabo. Kodwa ke ngelo xesha omnye mkhuba, leyo umdla umbhali Turgenev. Eyile - ukungabi. Amarhamente kulo mzabalazo bazitshitshisela yonke inento yokwenza yokomoya.

Bazarov, njengokuba Onegin - mntu kakhulu elilolo. Olu phawu kwakhona uphawu bonke abalinganiswa, nto iincwadi ekubhekiswa ngokuba "amadoda ononyawo". Kodwa ke, ngokungafaniyo ngeqhawe Pushkin kaThixo, Bazarov akachithi ixesha ngokunxaxha: yena inxaxheba nenzululwazi yezobugqi.

Le hero of "Ootata and Sons," kwinoveli uye abalandeli. Yena akuthathwa ophambeneyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, Bazarov ngokungaqheleki namathandabuzo ezinye amagorha uzama kubadlali. Noko ke, Bazarov yedwa, nangona abazali abamthandayo, bangazenza kuye. Uyafa, yaye kuphela ekupheleni ubomi bakhe uyaqonda ukuba iimbono zakhe amanga. Kukho uyolo obulula ubomi. Kukho uthando kunye nemizwa yothando. Kwaye konke unelungelo lokuba khona.

Rudin

Le imisebenzi Turgenev esithi "amadoda akufuneki" ivamile. Action "Rudin" Le noveli bunikwa kule minyaka novalo. UDaria Lasunsky, omnye wabalinganiswa yenoveli, ohlala eMoscow, kodwa ehlotyeni balishiye mzi, apho ukucwangcisa ngeengokuhlwa zomculo. Abamenywa bakhe - abafundiswe kakhulu.

Kanye endlwini Lasunsky ubonakala umntu Rudin. Lo mntu othambekele ngokuvunyiweyo, bangi kakhulu, yaye oonyana bakhe captivates abaphulaphuli. Iindwendwe kunye iindwendwe ndisangqengqile bubuciko Akumangalisi Rudin. Lasunsky uyimema ukuba sihlale endlwini yakhe.

Ukuze ukunika inkcazo ecacileyo Rudin, Turgenev isixelela iinyaniso ubomi bakhe. Le ndoda wazalelwa ntsapho yayingamahlwempu, kodwa zange umnqweno ukwenza imali, uphume nobuhlwempu. Ekuqaleni, wahlala phezu ngelize, wathi yena wamthumela kunina. Kwandula ke kwabakho ngeendleko wabahlobo lezityebi. Rudin ebutsheni bakhe sahlukile izakhono ezingaqhelekanga oratorical. Wayeyindoda of abafundileyo ngobulungisa; ngokuba lonke ixesha labo lokuzonwabisa wachitha iincwadi zokufunda. Kodwa ke ingxaki kukuba xa intetho yakhe abazange balandele. Ngexesha iyazazi Lasunsky uye waba yindoda, kakubi abethwa iingxaki zobomi. Ukongeza, waba buhlungu kwaye abanekratshi lilize.

Rudin - "man eyolukileyo". iminyaka emininzi emanzini kwisigaba yentanda kukhokelele yintoni amava eziqhelekileyo ngokomoya ezifana ubunile. hero Le Turgenev kaThixo - ozelwe, neciko, yaye kuphela aspired - ukoyisa nabantu ngokwabo. Kodwa ke amandla, spineless, ukuba ube yinkokeli yezopolitiko.

Oblomov

Ngoko ke, le "ndoda eyolukileyo" kwi iprozi Russian - lithemba eyahamba. UTshawe Romana Goncharova maxa wambi zibhekisela kulo hlobo amaqhawe zoncwadi. Kodwa ke kuthiwe Oblomov "umntu eyolukileyo"? Ngapha koko, yena kuhamba, ndithe khunubembe phezu kwendlu otchemu neento zonke ebe ndlela abanini 'yobomi. Kwaye kuyo nayiphi na imeko abaphoxeki ngendlela yobomi kunye nezithethe, okufana amalungu oluntu.

Ngubani na bummer onjalo? Yeyona kumnombo usapho ndawo, nto leyo uyadika ukusebenza kwi-ofisi, kwaye iintsuku ngenxa yokuba asukume ukhuko lwakho. Sele iyinto eyaziwayo, kodwa ayikho into ilungile. Oblomov ayikwazanga ukukuqhela kubomi Petersburg, ngokuba abantu ngeenxa zonke kuye, ukubala ngokupheleleyo, umntu nobudlova. Umlinganiswa oyintloko, ngokuchaseneyo, smart ibunjiwe, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, uneempawu ephakamileyo yangaphakathi. Kodwa kutheni akazange afune ukuba ukusebenza?

Isibakala sokuba Oblomov, kwakunye Onegin kunye Rudin, musa kubona naliphi na isongo msebenzi, olu hlobo lokuphila. Aba bantu abakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yobutyebi. Ngamnye kubo kufuna nenjongo ephakamileyo yokomoya. Kodwa ayikho okanye kwaba yangoonomgogwana bezizwe. Kwaye Onegin, kunye Rudin, kunye Oblomov na "ononyawo."

Umlinganiswa ophambili of inoveli yakhe Goncharov abaphikisa Stolz - umhlobo ebuntwaneni. Le yokuqala kudala okhule kumfundi. Stolz - nzima-yokusebenza, umntu banosukelo ebomini. Umbhali wanika lo iqhawe imvelaphi German ayikho ngengozi. Goncharov ukuba wayebhekisela kwinto yokuba "Oblomovism" ukubandezeleka abantu kuphela Russian. Kwaye kucacile ukuba phezu umsebenzi onzima nto Stolz ngayo kwizahluko zokugqibela. Le ndoda iye akukho amaphupha, akukho neengcinga eziphakamileyo. Yena ufumana iindlela ezaneleyo kwezibonelelo zokumisa ngaphandle uqhubeke lwalo lokukhawulelana nophuhliso.

Impembelelo 'komntu akufuneki "kwabanye

Kufuneka kwakhona zithi amagama ambalwa malunga amaqhawe angqonge i "umntu eyolukileyo". abalinganiswa boncwadi, njengoko kuchaziwe kweli nqaku, yedwa, ungonwabi. Ezinye zazo kuphela ubomi babo ekuqaleni. Ukongeza, i "amadoda akufuneki" ukunikezela buhlungu kunye nabanye. Ingakumbi abafazi abaye ukungakhathali uthando lwabo.

Ngu "amadoda akufuneki" ngamanye amaxesha bakuzibalela kunye uPierre Bezukhov. Kwinxalenye yokuqala inoveli, nguye lo ulangazelelo okuqhubekayo, ukukhangela into. Uchitha ixesha elininzi kwi soirées, ukuthenga imizobo, ufunda lukhulu. Mu kuya kwa nshita abalinganiswa ngasentla, Pierre ifumene ngokwakhe, yena akayi kufa, ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokokuziphatha.