Australia: imithombo yendalo kunye nokusebenzisa kwabo

Wamazwe Australia kuphela lizwe esigcwalisa lonke i lizwekazi. Kuyichaphazela njani imithombo yendalo Australia? Iinkcukacha malunga ubutyebi lizwe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo ngazo kamva kweli nqaku.

geography

Ilizwe ukwakweli kwilizwekazi enye, nto leyo iqhele ngokupheleleyo ikhweyitha esemazantsi. Ukongeza kule mpumalanga, Australia ikwaquka ezinye iziqithi, kuquka Tasmania. ugu State Sendizihlambile yi-Pacific kunye neelwandle Indian kunye neelwandle.

Xa ndawo, eli lizwe zeeteksi yesithandathu ehlabathini, kodwa njengezwekazi Australia zincinci kakhulu. Kunye eziphantse eziliqela iziqithi ntshona Pacific, lenza inxenye yehlabathi Australia ne Oceania.

Eli lizwe kwimimandla subequatorial, yetropika sabutropikhi le kwisiqithi Tasmania ise kwindawo epholileyo. Ngenxa umgama ebalulekileyo ukusuka kwamanye amazwekazi ukuba isimo sezulu Australia ixhomekeke kakhulu yolwandle. Intsimi yelizwekazi ikakhulu amathafa, iintaba kuyiphi kanye ukuya ngasempuma. Malunga ne-20% ye sithuba kuhlala kwiintalango.

Australia: imithombo yendalo kunye neemeko

kwizikolo ezikude Geographical kunye neemeko ezinzima ziye negalelo ekwakhiweni eziluhlobo ekhethekileyo. kwimimandla eyintlango ngundoqo kwilizwekazi thaca emaqeleni eziyimiqwebedu, leyo zagutyungelwa amatyholo elisezantsi. imbalela elide mzuzu kunye yemvula ixesha elide.

kweemeko ezilawulwa yengqongqo yona ziye negalelo ekwakhiweni lweentlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo asekuhlaleni bezixhobo ezizodwa ukubamba ukufuma ukumelana amaqondo aphezulu. E Australia, ikhaya marsupials ezininzi, izilwanyana, kunye nezityalo ineengcambu ezomelele- phantsi komhlaba.

Kwimimandla asentshona nasemantla imiqathango othambileyo. Ukufuma ezisiweyo mvula, ikhuthaza ukuyilwa ngamahlathi ashinyeneyo kunye amathafa. Zakutshanje zibonelela amadlelo elisemagqabini iinkomo neegusha.

imithombo Marine yendalo Australia kunye Oceania Akukho kude ngasemva. I-Sea Coral yi indawo eyayidume Great Barrier Reef of ezikwere zeekhilomitha 345.000. Kwi ulwalwa omiweyo ziintlobo ngaphezulu kwe 1000 iintlanzi, amahobe zolwandle, kwezilwanyana. Itsala lookrebe, dolphins neentaka.

imithombo yamanzi

Le lizwekazi lawona - kuba Australia. izibonelelo zendalo ngohlobo imilambo namachibi thaca apha kakhulu imali encinane. Ngaphezu kwama-60% yelizwekazi undrained. River Murray (ubude - 2375 km) kunye nemingenela iGouldburn, Darling kunye Murrumbidgee ingqalelo kunayo.

imilambo ezininzi kuxhaswe mvula, zisoloko ezincinane kwaye ezincinane ubukhulu. Zonyaka owomileyo yome nkqu Murray, ukwakha namachibi ngamnye amileyo. Kunjalo, zonke nemingenela yawo, kwaye sleeves ezakhiwe ngazo amadama, dykes kunye namachibi.

amachibi Australia misinga ezincinane, apho maleko asezantsi ityuwa. Bona, efana emlanjeni, ezaliswe ngamanzi emvula, sonke siyazenza yaphuse ngaphandle yaye akukho kwemali. Ngoko ke, inqanaba amachibi kwilizwekazi esoloko enyuka. Amachibi inkulu ke Air, uGregory, Lake Gairdner.

imithombo yezimbiwa

Hayi indawo yokugqibela koovimba ehlabathini kwezimbiwa kuthatha Australia. izibonelelo zendalo olu hlobo balisebenzisa geni lizwe. Kummandla kwithala eselunxwemeni iziqithi ukufumana igesi yendalo kunye neoli, empuma - namalahle. Lizwe kwakhona ores zizityebi zesinyithi non-ayoni kunye neeminerali non-ebuntsimbi (umz, intlabathi, asbestos, mica, udongwe, lekalika).

Australia, imithombo yendalo ubuninzi bezimbiwa umlinganiswa, ehamba inani webauxite misela kunye zirconium. Le yenye oovimba behlabathi ngayo uranium, manganese kunye namalahle. Kwintshona, kwaye kwisiqithi imigodi Metal, zinc, isilivere, ukukhokela nangobhedu Tasmania ibekwe.

iidipozithi Gold bagcwele phantse kulo lonke lizwekazi, kweendawo inkulu ke kwinxalenye ekumzantsi-ntshona. Australia osisityebi amatye anqabileyo, kuquka iidayimani, opals. Kukho malunga ne-90% yobonelelo yehlabathi opals. Ilitye inkulu eyafunyanwa ngowe-1989, kweekhilogram carats ezingaphezu kwama-20 000.

imithombo ehlathini

Zezilwanyana nezityalo imithombo yendalo Australia ezikhethekileyo. Inkoliso iintlobo zikho, ekhoyo kuphela kweli lizwekazi. Phakathi imithi ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle zomgamtriya, apho kukho malunga 500 iintlobo. Noko ke, asingabo bonke liyi Australia.

ezibubutyebi bendalo kweli lizwe zimelwe amahlathi sehlathi. Noko ke, asezikhundleni% 2 kuphela intsimi kwaye ibekwe ezintlanjeni emlanjeni. Ngenxa kwimozulu eyomileyo ehlabathini yezityalo esilawulwa yimbalela-ukumelana iintlobo: succulents, nemingampunzi, ezinye okuziinkozo. In kufumile kakhulu kumntla-ntshona yinxalenye zomgamtriya omkhulu imithi ikhula, imithi yesundu, bamboos, mangroves, izityalo irabha.

abameli zezilo e Australia kukho malunga namawaka amabini anamakhulu,-80% yayo izezo zifumaneka apha kuphela. Ngaba abemi imifuziselo le abasebuthathaka, emu, lo devil, lilikhulukazi, platypus, dingo, impungutye eziphaphazelayo, a gecko irhamba, koala, Cuza kunye nabanye. Kwilizwekazi kunye iziqithi close kuhlala iintlobo ezininzi zeentaka (Lyrebirds, weentaka abamnyama, iintaka eparadesi, cockatoos), ezirhubuluzayo ezirhubuluzayo (ingwenya Slender-snouted emnyama,, frilled, ingwe inyoka).

Australia: imithombo yendalo kunye nokusebenzisa kwabo

Phezu kwazo nje iimeko ezinzima, Australia imithombo ebalulekileyo. Ixabiso kakhulu koqoqosho izimbiwa. Ilizwe emi kwindawo yokuqala ehlabathini ngenxa nezokukhupha uranium ekrwada, nowesithathu - webauxite nelesi- - amalahle imigodi.

Eli lizwe kunethuba elikhulu agro-zezulu. E Australia, ukukhula iitapile, iminqathe, nepayina, chestnuts, iibhanana, iimango, ama-apile, ummoba, iisiriyali imidumba. Ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango kwaye ikhule poppy umlaliso. Nokuphuhlisa iigusha kwimveliso yoboya, iinkomo ezifuyelwa zothunyelo ubisi kunye nenyama.