BCEA ithumba isiphawuli. Ithumba angabevi BCEA - transcript

Umhlaza ngezifo kule mihla babe ngabantu abakwizihlalo akhokelayo phakathi ngezifo yingozi. Ithumba zingachaphazela amalungu kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Malunga nendlela eminye imihlaza kwafunyaniswa ukuba azihlole zabamakishi ithumba (iCEA, kunye nabanye), eli nqaku liza kukuxelela.

Cancer colon

Le ithumba senziwa isifo ngakwimida ezindongeni Amathumbu amakhulu. Kwasendaweni yamathumba inokuba nomahluko. Kwiimeko ezininzi, nethumba ifumaneka emgceni, iimfama colon sigmoid. Phakathi unobangela bandiqumbisayo ngezifo, kufanele kuphawulwe, kuqala kwiinto zonke, uhlobo ngamandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane ekhoyo kwi yomxhesho izitya umgubo, amafutha, inyama. Umxholo zokutya zezityalo ulinganiselwe kakhulu. Esinye isizathu, ukumqumbisa umhlaza kwesisu, kukwaphula kwesitulo lidla wabonakalaliswa ngokohlobo kwesisu. Le meko kwakhona kwenzeka ngenxa iimpazamo ekutyeni, indlela kakuhle (yokungasebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni), kunye nezinye sindisa ngokweemvakalelo. Eyona nto ibaluleke ngokukodwa ke izifo colon, naso ngokunjalo. Amaxesha amaninzi, umhlaza senzeka kubantu ebudaleni.

unesifo njani ithumba yethumbu enkulu?

Iimpawu yangaphandle yovavanyo lonyango eziqhelekileyo Kudla ngokungabikho azikaqapheleki. Ithumba inokuba uvalo eludongeni esiswini kwi ubukhulu ezinkulu okanye kwizigulane ezinqinileyo. Eyona nto ibaluleke ngokukodwa ekuqapheleni ngezifo babe izifundo ezahlukeneyo zomculo. Ingakumbi - x-ray le peritoneum. Xa usebenzisa iindlela zale mihla kunye kwinqanaba eliphezulu iingcali ulwazi ukuphatha ukubhaqa izibhaxu umhlaza kwanaxa ukungabikho kweempawu zonyango kuboniswe. iimviwo X-ray lwenziwa usebenzisa umxube barium koko, lulungiselelwayo esebenzisa enema, okanye ngomlomo elinikiweyo. Xa ukwenzakala distal (sigmoid) phakathi kuyimfuneko iindlela diagnostic colonoscopy langoku, sigmoidoscopy, zona zikhoyo kwi uhlolo olubonakalayo lwe isifo emathunjini. Xa efumanise biopsy ithumba olwenziwa, ucingo okanye izinto eziphilayo. Ngaphandle Ukudlulela kwi esibindini ikhutshwa phandle esebenzisa ultrasound. Kule nkqubo lokuhlola kunye Kwakhona ubonisa laparoscopy. Olu phando uyakuphepha gabalala yobubi. Ukukhethwa izigulane zoviwo lwenziwa emva kuvavanywa iimpawu lwezonyango, ngokusekelwe izifundo kwilebhu endleni ubukho igazi. ukubaluleka Special ke uhlalutyo BCEA. Yintoni na le vavanyo?

Isilwa Carcinoembryonic

Ithumba abamakishi BCEA i protein esetyenziswa kwi lokufunyaniswa ezimbi zomhlaza abaninzi. inqanaba sayo sibonisa uphuhliso inkqubo amabi. Ukongeza, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo luvavanya ukusebenza unyango. Ukungabikho protein egazini kubonisa, njenge umthetho, saka malunga nesigulane eso. Umxholo Ukufunda BCEA, izinga ziza aboniswe ngezantsi, it ikuvumela ukuba ukuchonga kuphela nangezilonda kwi Amathumbu amakhulu. Njengomgaqo, Wabeka iimvavanyo ezimbalwa ukuba ivumele uninzi ngokuchanileyo ukuchaza umfanekiso lwezonyango. Iingcali nokuxilonga yamathumba kwi amadlala mammary kunye injeke, isibindi, isisu, wesizalo, wemiphunga senyongo usebenzisa abamakishi ithumba ezahlukeneyo. BCEA, ogama manani musa njalo ibonisa ubukho umhlaza, ibhekisela awakwazi non-ngqo.

BCEA ithumba isiphawuli. yombhalo

Xa sibona kushenxwe iinqobo ezisemgangathweni ze BCEA - oncomarker landa - kudla nto ibonisa ubukho ithumba yobubi kwi ikholoni, ingakumbi emathunjini ngqo. Ukwandisa xiyimiso luyenzeka ezimbi ezithile ukudumba kwaye nabungozi, kwakunye abatshayayo "kunye namava". Kule nkalo, i-Ubhaqo iantigens akukho kudale moshilongo esichazayo. Uhlalutyo BCEA singachaza ukuba kukho imfuneko yophando olongezelelweyo. Zeziphi iimpembelelo amadoda kunye nabafazi? Uvavanyo zabamakishi ithumba ze BCEA kokuqulathwe igazi kwizigulana amadoda namabhinqa - <6.5. Ukwanda Dynamics yoxinaniso (kwimeko lezifundo ephindiweyo) xa izigulane zifumana unyango kwiinkqubo yingozi, ibhekisela ukusilela kunyango kunye Ukudlulela (rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu phambi kokuqala kweempawu) okanye likakade.

umhlaza mammary

Le ngezifo umhlaza, esibonakala luphuhliso ngokwaneleyo ndlongondlongo kunye nokukwazi iyakhula iyasebenza kakhulu. Xa umhlaza webele test ithumba isiphawuli olwenziwa 15-3 (CA). Xa kukho inkqubo onobungozi, eyavela kwandisa. Kwisiqalo lotshintsho isiqulatho ithumba iantigens elihle ukwandisa kancinane okanye ahlale kwinqanaba yesiqhelo. Ukongeza, ukutenxa amaxabiso eziqhelekileyo kuvandlakanywa kwi imvelaphi izitshanguba kwemiphunga ngumhlaza. Ummiselo yale iantigens kwabasetyhini - <25.0.

Izinto ezibangela umhlaza emabeleni

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nto ukunisa na ukuphazamiseka kwamadlala komzimba. Kwabasetyhini, le meko kwenzeka xa ungena ubudala ngxaki kwi imvelaphi ngokutsha esebenzayo yommiselo steroid. Ngaloo ndlela umsebenzi kuyehla ovarian, kuncitshiswa imveliso estrogen kunye yiprogesterone. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba uyakwazi "ingxaki hormone".

zesifo sifo

Ezininzi eziqhele bene uhlobo lwesifo kwelini. Xa oku ibanjiwe ubungakanani eziguqula ashinyeneyo 0.5-5 cm okanye ngaphezulu. Yokuba imbonakaliso ndlongondlongo kakhulu iintlobo kwentamo lomhlaza emabeleni. Ukuphuhlisa ngezifo ngokukhawuleza, ngoxa ithumba akukho imida ecacileyo, kubonakala ukuba "kusasazwa" kwi eluswini, wendlala. Rozhistopodobnaya kunye neefom mastitobodobnaya kwenzeka ngokuchasene nentsukaphi iintlungu, umkhuhlane ukuya degrees 39. Ulusu endaweni lwebele iba bomvu eliqaqambileyo.

Uphononongo eziyimfuneko ukuze kumhlaza emabeleni

Kukho ubuncinane amanyathelo yoxilongo ukuthi ezibekwa ukuba izigulane asemngciphekweni ezimbi amabi. Xa kuqinisekiswa (esekelwe kwiziphumo biopsy kunye noviwo X-ray) kumhlaza kwaye wabelwe US iindawo nkovu ikhwapha ukubona kubo kwinkqubo Ukudlulela, kwentamo roentgen, ultrasound peritoneum (ngaphandle metastases kude namanye amalungu). Uvavanyo zabamakishi thumba (BCEA kunye nezinye awakwazi) akavumeli ukuxilonga umhlaza kahle. ukufunda Laboratory kubonisa kuphela ubukho kumzimba zokuphula kunokwenzeka. Ukungqinwa phambi inkqubo angendawo ikhutshwa phandle eyongeziweyo kuphando.

Imigaqo ukulungiselela ukunikela ngegazi

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuqeshwa luvavanyo ukuba ithumba abamakishi BCEA, Noko ke, njengoko amanye awakwazi kukho iqela iimfuno, ukusuka apho intsebenzo kuxhomekeke ukuchaneka nokuthembeka iziphumo,. Ubukhulu becala ukutshintsha igazi Kucetyiswa ukuba bazenze iiyure kusasa, ukususela iiyure 8 ukuya 11. Uphononongo olwenziwe ungatyanga. Phakathi kwakhe isidlo kufuneka iiyure ubuncinane ezisibhozo. Ngomhla olwandulela msebenzi kweesampula igazi, kufuneka utywala ngaphandle. Isigulane kufuneka ufake ugqirha uyazi onke amayeza ezithathiweyo. Xa isivumelwano nokusetyenziswa ingcali kweziyobisi phambi kokuba sifundo kufuneka kupheliswa. Ngaphambi kokuba igazi (iyure okanye ezimbini), kufuneka ayeke ukutshaya, musa ukusela yeti, ikofu, ijusi. Ukuvunyelwa ukuba ukusebenzisa amanzi non-nezihlwahlwazayo. imizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi kokuba uthathe uhlalutyo isigulane kufuneka bakhululeke, ndizole.

isiphelo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, abamakishi ithumba ezi zizinto protein imvelaphi. Bona eveliswe iiseli somhlaza. Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba kufuneka ibe. Kufuneka wathi nemvavanyo zaselaborathri ubukho kwabamakishi ithumba musa ukuvumela, njengoko umgaqo, ukubeka ukuxilongwa. uvavanyo Ingcaphephe ye urhulumente lwenziwa ngokwesiseko iziphumo kwezinye izinto ezakha iimviwo isigulane. Ngakumbi njengoko abathile markers ithumba ezifana CA 15-3, nagalelo kangako diagnostic. Kulo mba, ezi mvavanyo nezingasetyenziselwa ukwenza ukuchonga sifo, kwaye ukufumanisa ubukho okanye ukungabikho Ukudlulela kwi usaqala. Kodwa ke, kubaluleke kakhulu, aba izinto eziveliswa iiseli umhlaza, kuba izigulane zifumana unyango iinkqubo amabi. Ukufunda Dynamics utshintsho xi yabamakishi ithumba, ugqirha uyayiqonda indlela ngempumelelo ezi okanye nezinye izinto zonyango. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukunyenyisa irejimeni yonyango, ukukhetha unyango kakhulu ngempumelelo kunye neenkqubo. Kodwa kuphela lihlolisisa ukuthintela iimpazamo diagnostic.