Blagoveshchensk - elikomkhulu kummandla Amur

I Russian yokuqala, wabonakala kumhlaba wendawo yaba Cossacks ukusuka kwecala nguvulindlela Basil Poyarkova, abeza apha ngo-1644. Phakathi kwinkulungwane XVII phezu kodonga lasekhohlo Amur ezinqabileyo wokuqala yasekwa, kodwa ngenxa ubudlelwane wakhathazeka Russian kunye norhulumente Chinese, lo Fort washiywa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane. Ikomkhulu elizayo kummandla Amur, njengoko kunjalo namhla njengento owasekwa ngo ngo1856 njengoko Ust-Zeya post emkhosini yamiselwa apha. Inyaniso kukuba ngeli xesha kukho imfuneko ukuchaza ubunini ngenqindi phantsi ombuso kodonga lasekhohlo Amur. Blagoveshchensk waqala njengenqaba umda, esabekwa ukwandiswa kwiindawo zoluntu - i njengesiqhelo eziliqela kwizixeko Russian kunye nembali needolophu.

umda lamabutho

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIX Blagoveshchensk komelezwa ngakumbi njengoko undoqo impucuko Russian kunye kwesindululo kwiMpuma Ekude. Kwiminyaka yokuqala ikhona, ikomkhulu elizayo lo mmandla Amur iyandiswa ngokukhawuleza nommandla wayo ngenxa kokufika regiments ezintsha Cossack ukuba abaseleyo kunye neentsapho zabo zokuhlala isigxina. Ngowe-1858, ibandla lokuqala Orthodox yakhiwa apha le Annunciation. Hi ndlela leyi, isihloko lali yetempile kamva bafumana igama layo. Kulo nyaka, ngenxa yesivumelwano Aigun phakathi eRashiya neChina, ibhanki lasekhohlo iphela Amur River iye ingqalelo kwicala Russian, kwaye ilali sele amkelwa ngokusemthethweni kwi-Qing Dynasty. NgoDisemba 1858 kwiimephu zoluntu kunye nemephu labo wabonakala kummandla Amur, Blagoveshchensk waza waba iziko yolawulo. Ukudala indawo kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa lo myalelo liphezulu ombuso Alexander II.

ummandla Amur: ikomkhulu

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane, esi sixeko onke la okukhulu kuphuhliswa. Xa gqira, na idiphozithi igolide evulekileyo, enika inkxaso ebalulekileyo-ntle kunye nobume umzi. River indawo besiba ebalulekileyo kwiziko yokuthumela Blagoveshchensk. Iphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza kwinkalo yezolimo. Konke oku, Kakade ke, kunempembelelo entle uphuhliso lwezibonelelo lwedolophu kunye nokukhula nabantu basekuhlaleni. Ikomkhulu yommandla Amur kubaluleke kakhulu kweli candelo elinzima kweli lizwe. Ngoko ke, ngo-1888 kubonakala ukuba ironworks yokuqala, yaye ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX ngokusebenzisa kwidolophu kaloliwe ogangathiweyo. Kakade ke, abemi Blagoveshchensk usoloko ekhona ukuba inxalenye enkulu Chinese. isiqalo ekucamngceni yenkulungwane entsha, eRashiya, yaye China uye wasondeza isixeko iingxabano yesizwe. Ngoko ke ngo-1900 ekuthiwa-inboxer Imvukelo kukhokelele ukungqubana zomkhosi Russian Chinese kwiMpuma Ekude. Ngenxa yezi ziganeko, le yokugqibela ngokuyinxenye zatshatyalaliswa yaye ubukhulu becala bagxothwa kuloo mzi.

Ithuba Soviet

Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, ikomkhulu yommandla Amur ixesha elithile eyayihlala umkhosi Japanese, ukuzama ukufumana inzuzo kwaye ukuba banalo ngokwayo yemihlaba ubukhosi yangaphambili. Kodwa khutshelwa ngaphandle ngoo- kuzinze zalapha ehlotyeni ka 1920. Ukususela ngowe-1922 Blagoveshchensk kunye imimandla ezingqongileyo yaba yinxalenye karhulumente eSoviet. Kwiminyaka 1920-30 Ziyakhuthazwa kwakhona ayenziwa kushishino enzima kunye nokukhanya. Ingakumbi dolophu umda wasekohlo uphawu zayo zorhwebo kwingingqi - isixeko waba ngomnye izinto eziphambili ejele. Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, eMpuma Ekude - njengenye yeekhomponenti ebalulekileyo imboni yasekhaya, ukusebenza izidingo imfazwe. Kwaye emva kwemfazwe, elide Blagoveshchensk wahlala lavalwa ukuba ekuphumeni kuso isixeko, ekubeni yayiyimini ekwakusetyenzwa kumashishini ngobuchule ebalulekileyo. A Ixesha elitsha ufikile kuphela ngokutsha kwiminyaka yoo-1980.