Calcium sulfate. incazelo

In Modern Ongaphiliyo Chemistry kubaluleke kakhulu neetyuwa zokuhlela kunye neempawu lweziqalelo intsebenziswano kunye nemixube yazo zonke kunokwenzeka. Kukho izinto oko, phakathi amanye indawo ekhethekileyo. iikhompawundi ezifana ngokukodwa kufuneka ibhekiswe calcium sulfate. Formula kweziyobisi CaSO4.

iidipozithi elikhulu yale ezimbaxa kwi kwesikhoko uvumele ukusetyenziswa kwayo nje izinto ekrwada kumalungiselelo izinto ezahlukeneyo. Mathiriyeli iziphumo ingasetyenziswa ekwakheni, amayeza kunye nezinye iindawo ngempumelelo.

wafumana zezimbiwa ukuba ukwakhiwa CaSO4 2 H2O Xa iimeko zendalo. Calcium sulfate ikwafunyanwa kwi elwandle (malunga 1800 000 tonnes nge-cubic meter) kunye namanzi acocekileyo.

CaSO4 acetic i ngumgubo ingxinano ezimhlophe 2.90-2.99 grams nganye sentimitha cc. Compound ngenkuthalo lubamba komisa emoyeni. Ngenxa yale propati, yaye calcium sulfate Zisebenziselwa arhente yokomisa.

Kwiqondo lobushushu ezingamawaka amane anamakhulu mahlanu inyibilika izidanga kweziyobisi aze abole. Ukunyibilika osisiqu zinokukhuliswa ebusweni HCl, HNO3, NaCl, MgCl2. Calcium sulfate idityaniswe kwe -sulphuric acid lifinyele xa sintering kunye carbon.

Ukuba ngamanzi kunye MgSO4 kunye MgCl2, CaSO4 ngqongqo ulunika rhoqo. Chemical fluid ukuthamba kunokwenzeka kunye wezenzi. Ukunciphisa yobulukhuni amanzi ngokusekelwe ukuqaliswa kwezinto zizityebi anions yayo.

Ukuthamba amanzi aphinde enza ngotshintshiselwano ion. Le ndlela isekelwe phezu isakhono kubananisi ezithambileyo nezendalo kwaku- ethile - iikhompawundi eliphezulu-ezinto - radicals tshintshiselwano ebandakanywe ukwakhiwa kwawo, phezu ion zikhoyo isisombululo. Njengoko kubananisi ion kaninzi oku bekwenza aluminosilicates (Na2 [Al2Si2O8] ∙ nH2O, umzekelo).

Yipha ne kwengoma 2CaSO4 H2O - lelabhastile (gypsum elinyukayo) - ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa izinto cementitious. Ezi izinto bamele iikhompawundi pulverulent, apho xa exutywe manzi ngeplastiki kuqala, yaye kamva ukuqinisa zibe ubunzima bomzimba esiqinileyo. inkqubo Ukulungiselela oluqhutywa enehlala gypsum calcination phantsi kwempembelelo lobushushu ukusuka kwenye elinamanci mahlanu ukuya kwenye elinamanci asixhenxe degrees. Le propati isetyenziselwa ekwenziweni iiphaneli ipatishini kunye neebhodi, ngumngundo izinto, kwakunye ekusetyenzisweni enatyabeka ngako.

Calcination phantsi kwempembelelo lobushushu ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini degrees ekhokelela kuseko kwefom enyibilikayo ikhalsiyam sulfate anhydrous, kubushushu izidanga ngaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu - fomu ezingenakunyibilika. Le yokugqibela uphelelwa ngamandla ayo aqhoboshele amanzi ngoko ngeke zingasetyenziswa njenge yokubopha.

gypsum Natural zingasetyenziswa njenge izinto yokuqala kumalungiselelo zesamente kwaye sulphuric acid yi indlela zidityanisiwe.

Natural calcium sulphate nazo zingasetyenziswa njenge desiccant ekuhlalutyeni oganikhi khompawundi. Umchiza anhydrous unako ukufunxa ukufuma 6.6% yabo ubunzima iyonke. Calcium sulfate lisetyenziswa ezivelisa izinto zokwambathisa ezikhoyo.