Kuqweqwe lomhlaba: isakhiwo kunye neentlobo

Nanamhlanje, xa izixhobo ezininzi zobugcisa, izixhobo kwemoto, isahleli kanisa ingafikeleleki kwaye twisisaka. Enye yazo, ndineemfesane emhlabeni. kakuhle sinzulu ehlabathini eweva kwi the Kola Peninsula, ifikelela ubunzulu-12 km, ezo kuphela 1/500 ye kwirediyasi ehlabathini. Yonke ukuba izazinzulu bayazi malunga izibilini ehlabathini, baya kufunda ngokufunda indlela seismic. Ukuhla kwenzeka shake ngexesha ngaphakathi emhlabeni, nto leyo zisasazwa ngamazinga ahlukeneyo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba isantya zityalwe, kuxhomekeke lexinene nokwakhiwa kwezinto. Ngokusekelwe isantya data, iingcali sele ukutolika inkcazelo idlule umaleko oscillation.

Ngaloo Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba iplanethi kuhlawulwa yi amaqokobhe eziliqela. Yeyona lomhlaba uqweqwe, nengubo enkulu, yaye ngoko ke ezayo - kernel.

Last - kakhulu exineneyo enzima. Ekukholelwa ukuba engundoqo iqulethe yentsimbi.

Isiphuku inwebu ezintathu na umthamo kunye nobunzima kakhulu. Siqulathe eqinileyo, kodwa oku esixinene kwi core.

Kwaye ekugqibeleni, kolu qweqwe lomhlaba. Le iqokobhe engaphandle planethi kuba nje ukubhitya kakhulu yangaphambili. ubunzima bayo ayidluli nokuba-1% of ubunzima ehlabathini lonke. Phezu ubomi abantu, oko licatshulwa kwezimbiwa. Kwiindawo ezininzi, kwesikhoko elangena imingxuma nasemigodini. phambi kwabo ukuba ukuqokelela lwemizekelo yamatye, nto leyo yanceda ukuba ukuchaza isakhiwo iqokobhe planethi.

Uqweqwe ibandakanya elulwalweni, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, enziwa kwezimbiwa. Baqhubekeka nangoku ukwenza zonke zikhabane yeqokobhe, nkqu kumphezulu wayo. Ngokutsho iimeko apho emaweni kwasekwa, ukuba yahlulwe:

1. Metamorphic. Bona abunjwe nzulu emhlabeni ngenxa zokufudumeza okugqithisileyo kwaye ngokuveza zenye beguqukele kwezinye iintlobo. Umzekelo, kwi naziiperile uguqula lekalika zesiqhelo.

2. lentlenga. Bona akhiwa olwenzeka kancane emhlabeni kwezimbiwa ezahlukeneyo. Ekubeni le nkqubo kade, kumatye awenziwa ludaka badla luqulathe kwiiseli ezininzi.

3. Igneous. iifom zazo izinto yokwaleka, wakhulela ngokwemaleko overlying kwaye emkhenkceni apho. Eyona idumileyo kwezi rocks - zakhiwe. Daka unakho ekwimo otyhidiweyo abuye avuke ngaphezulu. Ke ume ngaphandle esuka umphunga wamanzi kunye neegesi, kwaye iba kuloo mlilo. Izlivshis, iqina nangoko. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa ukujaduka mlilo kwasekwa igneous. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, abangelwe.

kolu qweqwe lomhlaba phantsi elwandle kunye amazwekazi amalungiselelo ngokwahlukileyo. Umahluko omkhulu ukwakhiwa lamanqanaba balo babulingana nesandla. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ngokwahlukileyo cinga ntlobo zilandelayo kolu qweqwe lomhlaba:

- yezwekazi;

- olwandle.

Iingcali zithi hlobo wabonakala nemisinga kakhulu kamva phantsi kweempembelelo iinkqubo wenyikima ibakho elingaphakathi-langa. Ebubanzini Ubuncinane yezwe (okanye kumazwekazi) uqweqwe - 35 km, kwaye phantsi ezintabeni kunye nezinye ezisezintabeni kuxhomekeke 75 km. Ukusukela ngeengcamba ezintathu. Upper - it rocks ludaka. balo babulingana nesandla - ukusuka km-10 ukuya km 15. Emva koko kuza 5-15 ngekhilomitha umaleko lenyengane. Ke yokugqibela - abangelwe. balo babulingana nesandla - 10-35 km. Le ibandakanya ikakhulu abangelwe, kuquka amaplanga, kufutshane ngenxa kwiipropati ngokwasemzimbeni.

Le khemikhali Ukwakhiwa kuqweqwe lomhlaba nga kumiselwa kuphela umaleko ayo aphezulu, ubunzulu apho engaphenduli ngaphezulu km 20. Phantse isiqingatha saso nekuhlala ioksijini,-26% - lesilicon, malunga-8% - aluminiyam, 4.2% - yentsimbi, 3.2% - calcium kwi 2.3% - wemagniziyam kunye potassium 2.2% - sodium. Kwelinye imichiza ayikho ngaphezu kwesinye seshumi se-1%.

Ngoku, oosonzululwazi lenza isifundo ukuyicokisa uqweqwe yolwandle nezelizwekazi. Baye Kwasekwa phezu hypothesis yokuhambisa amazwekazi, laqalisa ngaphezu kwekhulu eyadlulayo, Alfred Wegener, uMbumbi imfundiso yakhe ubume iqokobhe olungaphandle planethi.