Chief, United Fleet Isoroku Yamamoto biography

Lakubo Isoroku Yamamoto, wazalwa April 4, 1884, Nagaoka yayimi e Niigata sakhona. kwafika wempi elizayo kwintsapho samurai olihlwempu. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, lo mfana waphupha malunga inkonzo phezu enqanaweni kunye, njengoko abadala, ababhalise Academy of the Navy. Isoroku Yamamoto wafumana imfundo yakhe ngo-1904, xa imfazwe Russian-Japanese.

Ukuqala inkonzo

Ekuqaleni imfazwe yaba matiloshe phezu Cruiser vehicles "Nisshin" leyo wathabatha inxaxheba Idabi Tsushima. Kuloo mfazwe, 28 Meyi 1905, i yaseJapan yoyisa butho ye2 wePasifiki Fleet, umthetho ngu Vice Admiral Zinovy Rozhdestvensky. Inani elikhulu iinqanawa Russian batshoniswe. Yaba luvuthondaba dabi imfazwe. Kuba Isoroku Yamamoto koyisa kwakhe olukhulu. Yena yaphuka, anqunyulwe embindini kunye index iminwe.

Ukuqhubekeka kwe career zomkhosi

Nangona ukonzakala, inkonzo nje Yamamoto waqhubeka, wenyuka intaba. Wabhalisa War Naval College, apho izakhelo akhiwa umyalelo ephakamileyo izithuthi. Igosa izidanga engama-30, yaye engama-32 (ngo-1916) waba uLieutenant. Kodwa lo Yamamoto Isoroku wayeka. Ngowe-1919-1921 gg. Yena wafumana imfundo kwamanye amazwe, kuquka i-US Harvard University.

Yamamoto Double njengegosa yomkhosi wamanzi ukukhonza eWashington. Ubomi Kwihlabathi Elitsha abachaphazelekayo iimbono zakhe zezopolitiko. Nangona emkhosini uye buqu ukuba lweli isisombululo soxolo zonke ungquzulwano lwehlabathi kunye iqela kabukhali imfazwe nxamnye eUnited States. Ngowe-1923 waba wanyuselwa ukapteni.

mngeni emitsha

Unyaka-40 elizayo wempi endala Isoroku Yamamoto waba nomdla Aviation yomkhosi wamanzi, bakhethe izifundo zabo zangaphambili kwi zokudubula yomkhosi. Wazama kuqala isandla sakhe ngokomyalelo Cruiser "Isuzu", emva koko - ophethe moya "Akagi." Ukubona elizayo yomkhosi kunye waselwandle xa eyama emkhosini ke ubengumveleli yeSebe Aeronautics.

Phakathi iimfazwe zehlabathi ezimbini, eJapan, kunye namanye amagunya eziphezulu uzama ukulandela ikhondo kwi izikhali. Ngenjongo ekuphuhliseni inyathelo eqhelekileyo kule ndawo eLondon kabini (ngo-1930 nowe-1934) Ibizwe inkomfa olwandle. Waba Usekela Admiral Yamamoto inxaxheba kuzo joni oqeqeshiweyo ababehamba ngayo oonozakuzaku Japanese.

Nangona ezi izijekulo urhulumente iPacific eTokyo ebegqwese mandundu imeko kwiMpuma Ekude. Ngo-1931 kwakukho ukuhlasela naseManchuria ngo-1937, imfazwe kunye neTshayina, yaye ngowe-1940 eJapan basayina isivumelwano se ubuhlobo eJamani Italy. Isoroku Yamamoto, iifoto apho ke yaqala ukuna lixhaphakile eendaba Western, ibisoloko wamelana izigqibo ngokusebenzisa izigalo karhulumente yabo. Abaxhasi imfazwe (leyo kakhulu ngaphezulu) ngqwabalala bagxeka nosekela-gosa.

Ukumiselwa intloko Navy

Ngowe-1940, Isoroku Yamamoto, ucaphula iingxelo ukuba Navy idluliselwe ngomlomo, wafumana isikhundla Admiral waza waba yintloko ye-Combined Fleet. Kwangaxeshanye, emkhosini waqhubeka ukufumana yosongo isizwe Japanese, ngubani ingqalelo kuye umngcatshi nomdla lokhokho. Ngowe-1941 waba Prime Minister militarist Hideki Tojo. Kwakubonakala ukuba lo msebenzi Yamamoto babuphakathi kwenyama nozipho. Admiral Mhlawumbi engundoqo Ujongo iintsimbi Tojo.

Noko ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni Yamamoto wakwazi ukugcina uluhlu lwabo nesikhundla. Wathi ukuthandwa kwakhe ngokubanzi phakathi abangaphantsi (kunye namagosa, yaye oomatiloshe wamphatha ngentlonelo engenasiphelo). Ukongeza, ubuhlobo lobuqu Admiral kuMlawuli Hirohito. Ekugqibeleni, Isoroku Yamamoto, ukususela imisebenzi theoretical leyo yaba uphindo bible ukuze zonke izithuthi wayengomnye wabantu abaninzi nobuchule yonke imikhosi exhobileyo. Ngemfundo Western kunye namava ekhethekileyo, kuphela akaba gqolo ukubamba ukuqhubeka elwandle utshintsho armada eJapan.

Impixano ne militarists

Urhulumente weza amandla Tojo wathabatha amalungiselelo imfazwe nxamnye United States of America. Yamamoto wayengandithembi malunga ungquzulwano olunokubakho eUnited States. Wayekholelwa ukuba Japan kuba ngokwaneleyo okoyisa ezintshabeni wePasifiki, yokufakwa kwiiPhilippines, Guam, Hawaii kunye nezinye iziqithi. Imfazwe kunye United States kufuneka ukuba iphelile kuphela emva kokuba uzinikele Washington kaThixo. I-Admiral wayengakholelwa ukuba Japan unobuqili ngokwaneleyo uhambo enjalo ngesinyanzelo, yaye njengoko iziganeko ezilandelayo abonisa, wayenyanisile.

Noko ke, ukuhlala post-Chief Fleet wakhe, Yamamoto wathabatha inxaxheba ekulungiseleleni kwiphulo zonxunguphalo. Kukuthatha kwakhe ngqo yaba kulungiselelwa uhlaselo Pearl Harbor. Admiral abaphikisa "Cantal Kessen" - imfundiso sobuchule ukuba Japan lwalwa imfazwe eUnited States, yomxhaso isikhundla ukuzithethelela. Yamamoto, ngokuchasene noko, wayekholelwa ukuba kwilizwe lakhe kukho ithuba enye kuphela ukuphumelela States - ukuba yothuse imibane ekhubekisayo zoluntu kunye namandla ezopolitiko waseMelika nangoko asayine isivumelwano soxolo.

Ekulungiseleleni impi

Ekubeni kuhlaselwa Pearl Harbor lwaqhutywa encediswa moya, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka inikwe kuphuhliso Aviation. Bendisoloko ukwenza Isoroku Yamamoto. Le film "Ukuhlaselwa Pearl Harbor" ubonisa igalelo layo kwimpumelelo nokusebenza. Kwakhona Admiral ochaphazelekayo malunga moya asebenza imisebenzi Littoral. Nge begxeka yakhe zibhekiswa phambili kwaye inomzimba bomber G3M G4M. Le modeli ahluka yi ukunyuka uluhlu moya, nto leyo wanikela umyalelo Japanese inzuzo eyongezelelweyo ezibalulekileyo. AmaMelika ebizwa G4M «eziphaphazelayo ngokukhanya."

Yamamoto Isoroku, ogama engobomi iye becala ezinxulumene ne-moya, waphakamisa ingxaki wokudala ukulwa omtsha onokulufikelela emva kwexesha elide. Baba imodeli A6M Zero, wafumana uyilo kakhulu okulula. Admiral kuqalise litsha, kwaye ukuyilwa-moya entsha ye-First Air Fleet. Yiyo le ukuyilwa bathatha inxaxheba angenela Pearl Harbor. ukusebenza ukupheka, Yamamoto wayethembe ukuba into emangazayo. kuhlaselwa ngesiquphe kunganika Japanese iinyanga ezimbalwa kakhulu nenkululeko wePasifiki kude kukho ufi- fleet American.

pearl Harbor

NgoDisemba 7, 1941 6 iziphathi Japanese, ibithwele malunga 400 moya, kufutshane Pearl Harbor. Elandelwa uhlaselo, isiphumo apho batshoniswe Zempi-4 kunye nezinye iinqanawa ezinkulu olunye uhlobo 11. Kwakhona ubunzima ukutshatyalaliswa kwinkundla ezininzi axhasayo ezingephi. I-Japanese ezilahlekileyo amaqela-29 kuphela.

Nangona wahlaselwa ngempumelelo izicwangciso ndingumthetheli Combined Fleet Isoroku Yamamoto, wayisonga, Tyuiti Nagumo. Yile, uSekela Admiral, esoyika iilahleko ezinkulu kakhulu, wayalela ukuba moya lokurhoxa. Yamamoto ugxeke esi sigqibo. Egxekwa bokusilela imisebenzi Nagumo ebalulekileyo: iziqhushumbisi kwezibonelelo umkhosi baseMerika kwisiqithi eOahu kwaye zange avele ukutshatyalaliswa kwi izibuko le abathwali moya yotshaba. Usekela Admiral, Noko ke, hayi kohlwaywa. Abasemagunyeni baye abanelisekanga sisiphumo ekuphangeni ngequbuliso.

umkhankaso oluqhubekayo

Emva kweziganeko baseHawaii imikhosi Japanese exhobileyo yaqhubeka ukuphumeza isicwangciso qhinga bukhosi. Eminye amadabi yakhokelela Dzisaburo Odzava, ngokuba takahashi kunye Nobutake condo. Bonke bephela owayamileyo Isoroku Yamamoto. biography emfutshane womthetheli ngumzekelo umphathi yomkhosi wamanzi, ngubani kwakufuneka enze umsebenzi ngendlela engazange engakholelekiyo.

I-Japanese ndiyenze injongo yabo ukubenza zonke iziqithi Pacific. Yamamoto wakha icebo ngawo Navy and Air Force ababeziwisile iziseko ezininzi British kunye Dutch. Umlo engundoqo kwenzeka lilungu le Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia yanamhlanje).

Into yokuqala i yaseJapan ahlala emantla Malay Archipelago. Emva koko, ngoFebruwari 1942 kwabakho ukulwa namaFilisti kuLwandle Java. Wenqanawa Japanese woyisa fleet edibeneyo USA, eNetherlands, Australia ne England. Le mpumelelo iye ukuba singene ngokupheleleyo Dutch East Indies. Kungekudala emva koko, oko localized uxhathiso baseMerika kwiiPhilippines.

Ingxoxo-mpikiswano malunga nekamva

Japanese iingalo impumelelo asingabo namahlakani ziinkathazo. Nam i-UK okanye US akayi uma- ehlabathini. E Tokyo, saba nekhefu ukuze isigqibo ulwalathiso ukuya elandelayo. Uninzi iinkokheli ibikhuthaza yosizi iBurma uphume ngalo eIndiya, apho ngoncedo isizwe zengingqi izicwangciso ukubhukuqa ingumasipala British. Admiral Yamamoto, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngokoluvo esahlukileyo. Wacela ukuhlasela i-American kwi Pacific Islands.

Le film "Isoroku Yamamoto" ngo-2011 (elinye igama - "Ukuhlaselwa Pearl Harbor") ubonisa indlela uphawu umnqwazi ilifa Admiral. Ngoko eli xesha akazange anikezele kuluvo lwabo. Ngexesha elinye iingxoxo kwekomkhulu Tokyo laqhushumbiswa, esingethwe moya US. Esi siganeko ngenkani umyalelo Japanese ukuhlaziya izicwangciso zalo. Kungekudala, ingcamango Yamamoto ukuhlasela EMidway Island yaba sisiseko yesicwangciso kwesigaba esitsha yemfazwe. Admiral wamiselwa umphathi kwi msebenzi elizayo.

Midueyskaya operation

Ngokwesi sicwangciso Yamamoto, imikhumbi waseJapan wohlukana iinxalenye ezimbini. Elinye iqela wayeza kuthumela kuyo kunxweme Alaska ukuba ezinokuphazamisa baseMerika, kwaye uhlaselo yesibini eMidway. Umsebenzi walungisa ngenyameko. Kwakubonakala ukuba Admiral ulungiselele zonke iinkcukacha. Ukuba yonke into waya ngokwezigqibo necebo lakhe, lo waseJapan ezihleli umzuzu obalulekileyo bekuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ngamandla wawabulala amaMelika kwiindawo.

Noko ke, iziganeko kwi olwandulela Idabi Midway Yamamoto kwacunyuzwa onke amathemba. Intelligence US wakwazi ukuwuqonda inombolo yekhowudi eyimfihlo Japanese ngawo iinkcukacha okuyimfihlo ngesondo. impumelelo cryptographers wanika utshaba yinzuzo enkulu.

Xa ngoJuni 4, 1942 waqalisa imfazwe eMidway, ngequbuliso iinqanawa American zabaleka zonke ukuhlaselwa Japanese nokulungelelana abalaleli yabo. Kulo kwidabi, 248 moya-4 othwala Yamamoto yatshabalala. pilot Japanese, nangona phezulu emoyeni, kodwa kukhukulisa lowo utshaba inqanawa ( "Yorktown") kuphela. Admiral, eqonda ukuba kulahleke edabini, wayalela imikhosi eseleyo baleka.

izifundo yokwehlulwa

Ukusilela Midueyskoy operation yaba zaguquka zemfazwe kwi wePasifiki. I-Japanese baphulukana kwezobugcisa zibhetele imifanekiso yabantu. fleet Ludityanisiwe walahlekelwa phulo yaye ukususela walwa kuphela idabi ukuzithethelela. Kwiphandle i Admiral ubunzima ukugxeka ngokubanzi.

Ngaba ngokoyiswa iwayini Isoroku Yamamoto? INcwadi emva kokuba incwadi yesifundo ukuya phambili bobabini e-Japan kunye nakwamanye amazwe. Abaxhasi kunye abavikeli emkhosini babekholelwa ukuba isicwangciso hayi unobubi ngaphezu imisebenzi izicwangciso ezifanayo iqela le-DirectAxis. Esona sizathu siphambili ngokoyiswa i yaseJapan yaba baseMerika lucky abafunda ikhowudi eyimfihlo kwaye bafunde izicwangciso Combined Fleet.

Battle e Solomon Islands

Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-1942, imfazwe kwi wePasifiki, bafudukela New Guinea i-Solomon Islands. Nangona Japan yayingekho zibonelelo zoncedo zaneleyo, bona Wavutha, imihla ngemihla. Yamamoto, bedidekile inxalenye enkulu ngodumo lwayo, wathabatha kolawulo lwemisebenzi ezincinane. Ngo-Agasti, yena siqu umlo kwimpuma Solomon Islands, yaye ngoNovemba - edabini ngenxa kwisiqithi Guadalcanal.

Kuzo zombini ezi meko, amaMelika kunye namahlakani abo waphumelela. I-Japanese boyiswa kwindawo yokuqala kuba lingakwazi umkhosi, ukuba benze ngempumelelo kwi kunxweme ziqithi. iilahleko ezinkulu ukuchetywa kwizintlu abonakalisi, inomzimba yehle ekuhlaseleni. NgoFebruwari 1943, Japan waphulukana ulawulo lwe Guadalcanal. Uthotho amadabi kwi Solomons wahlala abaseMelika.

ukufa

Nangona kokoyiswa emva gosa awusondelanga izandla. Waqhubeka ukuhlola amajoni kwaye kuphuculwe isimo salo izithuthi. Phambi kokubhiyozela enye yezi hambo baseMerika kwakhona abamba Ndinelizwi lasentsithelweni, aqulathe iinkcukacha indlela Yamamoto. Ukufunyanwa kwabikwa kwi-White House. UMongameli Roosevelt ngenkani ndithengise warlord Japanese.

Ngentsasa ka-Aprili 18, Yamamoto amhluba ukusuka eRabaul - ePort kwisiqithi New Britain. indiza kwafuneka enze indlela yabo phantse 500 leekhilomitha. Endleleni bomber Admiral ahlasele abalaleli kakuhle izicwangciso wawungenakucetywa abaseMelika. Yamamoto kwendiza kwenye i-Solomon Islands.

Emva kwexesha elithile, kwafika iqela ukuhlangulwa Japanese. umzimba Admiral safumaneka ehlathini - ngexesha lokuwa kwakhe waphoswa evela fuselage. Naval ngqwayi ke sitshisiwe kwaye wangcwatywa eTokyo. Kokufa kwakhe, wathi wawongwa elikwinqanaba Marshal, Order of the ifildi, kwakunye German Knight kaThixo Cross. Ebudeni bemfazwe, inani Yamamoto waba edume ngokwenene. Zonke Japan ebona kokufa kwakhe, yaye zobunkokeli lizwe iye yayiqwalasela ukufa hero lesizwe emva kotyando US ngenyanga kuphela.