Dzhuzeppe Madzini: biography kunye nezibakala umdla ebomini

Dzhuzeppe Madzini - odumileyo Italian wezopolitiko, sobulumko, umbhali kunye ngokuthanda uhlanga, oye wadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqaleni inkululeko yesizwe ngenkulungwane ye-19. Wamela i inkululeko ngamnye umntu wathi ukuba onke amazwe aseYurophu kufuneka ilingane kwaye simahla, ngenxa yokuba eli lungelo kubo nguThixo. Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe engazange anikezele ithemba inkululeko nokulingana lizwe, apho wabanjwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo yaye wathumela ekuthinjweni.

Family and Education

Family Dzhuzeppe Madzini wayehlala e Genoa, ngelo xesha phantsi kwempembelelo uNapoleon. UYise oziphethe elizayo wayengugqirha odumileyo njingalwazi ukwakheka komzimba. imfundo noqeqesho, Giuseppe efika ekhaya. Wafunda iincwadi French, ingakumbi romanticism, kwakunye ababhali abanomdla kunye iimbono okhululekileyo nolawulwa ngokwentando -. Zhorzh Sand, Viktorom Gyugo, Edgar Quinet nabanye Wazithanda iingcamango wenkululeko, ukulingana, amathuba alinganayo kunye inkululeko yesizwe hayi kuphela Italy kodwa jikelele Europe kunye nehlabathi.

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, Giuseppe ungena Faculty of Law of the University of Genoa. Emva kokugqiba imfundo yakhe, wagqiba ekubeni azinikele ukuba umsebenzi, ingakumbi uqala ukusebenza kunye namaphephancwadi ezahlukeneyo kunye nabashicileli zoncwadi. Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe wayedibana nabantu ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye iqala ukuqonda nzulu imeko apho yajika ilizwe lakhe. Abhale okuninzi malunga, unomdla kwezopolitiko kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, kwakunye ndicinga ngento enokwenziwa ukutshintsha imeko ibe ngcono.

ihlombe kwezepolitiki

Biography of Dzhuzeppe Madzini ibonisa ukuba ubunokuba umbhali ngempumelelo kunye namagcisa, ukuba kungabi ngenxa uthando lwakhe izimvo zesizwe kunye nezimvo wenkululeko. Nangona Italy wahlaselwa ukuqhekeka iingxaki zezopolitiko bakhathazekile kakhulu Dzhuzeppe Madzini. facts umdla ngobomi yakhe ibonisa ukuba nangona eneminyaka engama-20, waba lilungu lombutho imfihlelo Carbonari, kodwa ekugqibeleni wanikela phezulu phezu kwalo, njengokuba kule ngcinga lobuzalwana baya zefilosofi ezibonakalayo, leyo yasishiya.

Ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe, wayebanjwa, emva koko wathunyelwa ekuthinjweni, apho wachitha phantse bonke ubomi bakhe, kuqala eFransi koko eSwitzerland kunye eNgilani. Nakuba kunjalo, akazange anikezele izimvo zabo baza baqhubeka nikholwe inkululeko nokuzimela yelizwe labo.

Imibono kunye neenkolelo

Dzhuzeppe Madzini waqiniseka ukuba utshintshe imeko yezopolitiko Italy kunokwenzeka kuphela ngokusebenzisa revolution. Wayekholelwa ukuba inkululeko yesizwe kufuneka kuphela Italy, kodwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Wenza ibango ukuba uthanda ilizwe wakhe kuba nje uthanda onke amazwe, kunye bonke bephela kufuneka simahla.

Ngokutsho inkolelo yakhe, zonke iintlanga aseYurophu kufuneka ngokulinganayo ukuba abe phezu inobuhlobo, kuba le nto ongathanda uThixo. Wayeqinisekile ukuba inkululeko nokuzimela ukuba lifezekiswe ngokusebenzisa amazwe okanye isipho esivela abalawuli. Uphinde wathi kwinkulungwane yama-20, ingcamango kwenkululeko kufuneka uye ngaphaya ngohlangothi Europe uye phambili. Eyake yaba sisiseko izimvo ezininzi Asia kunye Afrika revolution. Freedom, ukholo nekamva elingcono kunye nedemokhrasi - oku yinto ebesoloko ebalulekileyo Dzhuzeppe Madzini. Amafoto abonisa ukuba nako ibe ngcono.

"Young Italy"

Ngowe-1831, Dzhuzeppe Madzini waseka intlangano efihlakeleyo "Young Italy", injongo yayo ukwenza Italy kumyolelo united, ezamahala ezizimeleyo luhlobo republic karhulumente. Emva koko, le mibutho baqala ukuvela kwamanye amazwe, afana "Young iJamani", "Young Switzerland" kunye nabanye.

Ngowe-1833, Mazzini wayelilungu kunye nomququzeleli engundoqo ayehlasela Piedmont. Olu hambo akuphumelelanga kunye Mazzini wagxothwa eFransi, kwaye umbutho "Young Italy" latshabalala. Emva konyaka, wabulela Mazzini nomnye umbutho - i "Young eYurophu", nto leyo lilandele ezi njongo efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, la mava kwaba yimpumelelo. Njengoko eSwitzerland, Mazzini wavula ke, «La jeune Suisse» phephancwadi, abasemagunyeni wabanjwa abashicileli, yaye onke amalungu ayo, kuquka Mazzini, kwakhona bagxothwa kweli lizwe. Ukufihla amapolisa, Mazzini waya eLondon, apho wafika wavula omnye umbutho "Union of abasebenzi Italian," nto leyo yaba amasebe awo kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu.

revolution

Xa ngo-1848 e-Italy, iqala revolution Mazzini babuya ekuthinjweni nisekelwe iphephandaba «L'Italia del popolo», kwakunye nomnye umbutho «Associazione Nationale», leyo bafundisa imibono yesizwe kwinginginya. Ekuhambeni kwe revolution, ingakumbi ukuwa Milan, Mazzini yaba lilungu le squad Garibaldi, yaye emva koko wonyulwa ilungu kunye nentloko triumvirate. Xa kwacaca ukuba abalweli abanandlela kwaye kufuneka uhambe thethane kunye eFransi ukuthatha eRoma, Mazzini wawushiya post yakhe waza washiywa eLondon.

Life emva revolution

Ngowe-1870 esasiseSisili kunye mbuso iqala. Mazzini wayenokholo encinane kwimpumelelo yeli shishini, kodwa waya siqithi. Ebudeni uhambo ukuya eSisili ngqo kwi solwandle, wabanjwa waza wathunyelwa Gaeta. Emva kweenyanga ezimbini entolongweni, wakhululwa, kodwa kuphela kwi imeko ukuba wayeza kushiya Italy. Wavuma ke waya kuhlala eSwitzerland, apho usaqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe owaguqula, kwakunye lokuvula kwelinye iphephandaba - «La Roma del Popolo».

Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, Giuseppe ubuyela eItali, kodwa ngexesha oluya Alps, wabona umkhuhlane wafa ngesiquphe e Pisa endlwini ka omnye wabahlobo bakhe. Giuseppe wangcwatywa kwidolophu yakowabo Genoa. Emngcwabeni wakhe ukuba ngaphezu kwe-50 amawaka abantu, emveni koko abeze emngcwabeni ibuye ibe umboniso nxamnye norhulumente.

Dzhuzeppe Madzini - enye edumileyo yezopolitiko kunye namanani karhulumente kwinkulungwane Italian-19. Owakholwayo inkululeko kunye ukuzimela ilizwe labo nje kuphela koko inkululeko yesizwe onke amazwe aseYurophu. Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe waseka imibutho emininzi ngasese kunye namaphephandaba ezithetha idemokhrasi kunye nenkululeko yesizwe. Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe, Guiseppe wabanjwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kodwa nangona oku, kuxhomekeke Ngasekupheleni kobomi bakhe abazange ukulahla iinkolelo zabo kunye neengcamango.