Kolumb Hristofor kunye ukufunyanwa of America

Hristofor Kolumb wazalwa kwintsapho ngamaRoma womluki-draper ngo-1451. Ubutsha ye umkhenkethi elizayo, unyana omdala entsatsheni, Agqitha kumasifundisane ukwaluka apho wanceda uyise kulo msebenzi. Noko ke, ukususela besebancinane ephupha kude ukuhamba. Sele ekuqaleni 1470 i-Kolumb Hristofor kuqala ongena uhambo yayo yokuqala evenkileni. biographers abaninzi abavela abemi bakholelwa ukuba ngeli xesha yena wazalwa ingcamango lokufumana indlela entsha
India. Kukholelwa ukuba ucinge ngolo hlobo uthi kuye kwaziswa ngexesha esiphambili kunye ngeenkwenkwezi uPaolo Toscanelli.

Indlela Entsha ku India

Kweli nqanaba, kufuneka uyeke kwi imeko emkhosini-yezopolitiko eYurophu ngelo xesha. Inyaniso yeyoba, e-empumalanga kwelizwekazi wakhula Muslim ngakumbi Ottoman. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1453, oko yathinjwa kwikomkhulu yamandulo yoBukhosi baseByzantium - eConstantinople (apho iintsuku wethu sixeko sikhulu Turkish ka-Istanbul). Lo mbuso onamandla ngenkulungwane XV. eneneni ivalekile Classic isilika ikharavani ukusuka eYurophu ukuya Asia ngokubeka imisebenzi ophezulu eyabarhwebi, nokuthintela nophuhliso yorhwebo enjalo. Nangona kunjalo, la mazwe asempuma soloko kwatsala abemi World Old. Musa ulahlekelwe amabali kuthandwa malunga abantu jasmay nobutyebi ezisemagqabini waseMpuma. Ezi nyaniso zafaka ingcamango lokufumana zimbi ezongezelelweyo kwi-East, ingakumbi e-India. Ubunyani izikim ezinjalo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuqinisekisile "abaselula" ngexesha Kwingcingane sphericity woMhlaba.

Uhambo edumileyo India

Kolumb Hristofor safika ePortugal ngowe-1477, apho abahlobo kunye nabantu, batshintsha ubomi bakhe ngonaphakade. Siqhelane siseko yeNavigeyishini, bafumane amava
kuloo matutu bethenga, umhambi kuqala wavakalisa ingcamango ukuzama ukufumana indlela eya eIndiya, ukusongwa Afrkansky lizwekazi. Ngesi siphakamiso, wajika waya kukumkani Portuguese Juan III ngo-1483. Nangona kunjalo, lo discoverer elizayo le projekthi kwabonakala inkosi engakholelekiyo kakhulu, naye prohibitively imali eninzi. Kolumb Hristofor sachithwa. Ngaphezu koko, iminyaka elithoba elandelayo, wasinda omnye ukusilela ezintlanu efanayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngo-1492, zange yavuma uhambo efanayo. Kwiphulo lokuqala bahamba kulwandle banikwe Agasti 3, 1492. Kwakugcwele inqanawa encinane kakhulu emithathu "Pinta" "Nina" (ngokoqobo "omncinane") kunye "Santa Maria". Imbali elandelayo oomatiloshe hayi Kakade, waya hayi Afrika, njengokuba kude kuse entshonalanga, yaziwa ngokubanzi. kweenyanga ezimbini kuphela kamva, ngo-Oktobha 12, 1492 sele oomatiloshe lithemba wabona elundini komhlaba. Yaba enye mihla Bahamas. Kamva, Columbus zobuntlola emithathu kunxweme elihlala entsha. Noko ke, wagula kakhulu emva kohambo yesine, wafa ngo-1506. Ngumzali, zange esazi ukuba wafumana nje ngendlela entsha kunye nelizwekazi entsha. Le nto isixelela kwakhe ihlabathi omnye odumileyo Italian - Amerigo Vespucci. Kwaye uzuko lokuvula eIndiya kwindlela bypass kuvuzwa Vasco da Gama.

Meaning navigation Columbus, Great ukuvulwa geographical ngokubanzi

Ngaphandle yezwekazi yafunyanwa ngama Hristofor Kolumb, kwanyanzeleka ke ukuba itshintshe kakhulu ubuso ihlabathi lethu. Akukho kuphela ngokunxulumene nolwazi eendawo, kodwa kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi of the World Old. Kwiimarike yaseYurophu waphuphuma iimveliso ezininzi ezintsha kunye oovimba ngegolide eMelika. Le nkqubo zafaka ekuthiwa- kobutyebi ngendlela eyayingekaphuhli of capital, uphuhliso loqoqosho lwemarike kunye nkulu. Ayifiki ukuvula ilizwekazi ukutyhubela iinkulungwane embalwa elandelayo, ukuba iye ekhaya bamathanga amaninzi waliseka imeko yabo kamva. amazwe aseYurophu baye jikelele imibuso colonial, leyo ongamenzanga kuphela abantu bomthonyama (hayi kuphela America kodwa nakwezinye iindawo ehlabathini) ukusebenza ngokwabo, kodwa negalelo kwemvume yaseYurophu imilinganiselo-ezisekelwe kulo lonke ihlabathi. Kakade ke, Kolumb Hristofor asinguye kuphela nempembelelo ngoko kakhulu kuphuhliso yembali yehlabathi, ukongeza kuye, kwakukho amakhulu nakwabanye ababehamba nabo, bempilo kunye baphembeleli. Noko ke, ngokuqinisekileyo omnye woovulindlela kakhulu.