Fluoroplastic: ukucaciswa, GOST

Polyacetal - a zokwenziwa izinto Polymer esetyenziswa kwemichiza, umbane kunye nokutya kushishino njengoyena Coatings. zalo eziluncedo ziquka ikakhulu ukusetyenziswa olubanzi uluhlu lobushushu kunye inani eliphantsi kunobunye.

Inkcazo kunye Types

Fluorines ibhekisa iintlobo ezininzi zeplastiki fluorine-equlethe. Ngokufuthi mveliso nendlu isebenzisa polytetrafluoroethylene. Kuxhomekeka umenzi, le nto ingabizwa ngokwahlukileyo. Ezivenkileni ezobuchwepheshe Russia wathengisa kuquka polytetrafluoroethylene amazwe. Amanqaku eyenziwe USA, ebizwa ngokuba "Teflo" eNgilani - "Flyuon" iJamani "Gostaflon". Thina Russia yaziwa ngokuba teflon-4.

Ezinye iintlobo zezi zixhobo zokufunda ayenziwanga yanwenwa, kodwa ezithandwa kakhulu. Zezi:

• Polytrifluorochloroethylene (PTFE-3);
• Polyvinylidene fluoride (PTFE-2);
• Ezinye copolymers ethylene fluorinated.

indlela esenziwe

Fumana zonke ezi ntlobo esebenzisa imichiza. Enyanisweni, ukuba ipholima ukuya apho athom fluorine zongezwa. Ngenxa yoko igama labo.

Fluoroplastic-4 kuhlelwe njenge ngumgubo emhlophe waza licofiwe laphinda sintered kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Ezinye iibrand le nto idla elungiswe ucimayo.

Xa nokuveliswa kwemveliso ezininzi ezintsha mihla esetyenziswa yi Teflon. Ukucacisa ngokwenene nje emangalisayo. Izinto eziluncedo kwale nto ziquka:

• ukunganyangeki chemical High. PTFE-4 akumele kubenze nkqu abilayo aqua regia.
• Inertness kunye porosity ephantsi.
• Usukuzwano ingumlingani ephantsi kakhulu. Eli nani e PTFE ihlala phantse ngokufanayo kuwo onke amaqondo.
• iipropati Excellent Heating. Le izinto yokwambathisa uhlala kude kwi-200 ° c.
• Uzinzo. Iipropati lwemichiza fluoroplastic-4 ayitshintshi kubushushu ukuya -300 c.
• ukumelana ilangatye - omnye wasebenzisa izinto ezifana Teflon. Iimpawu (a Polymer ubushushu-enganyangekiyo luphawulwa ukukwazi self-ucimayo) ukuvumela ukuba nokusetyenziswa kwayo kwiindawo komngcipheko ophezulu komlilo.
• Gas yobunzima.
• Biocompatibility. Olu hlobo weplastiki isoloko isetyenziswa ukwenza amazinyo.

nobubi PTFE

Njengoko ubona, izinto umgangatho ophezulu kakhulu kwaye phantse yonke - Teflon. It has iimpawu ezimangalisayo nje. Kakade ke, yena ezinye kuneengxaki. To ezo ziquka:

• flow abandayo High. Lo mhlaba thile kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa PTFE xa elektroniki.
• Ukukwazi ukwaba izinto eziyingozi xa utshiwe ngaphezu kwe-300 c.
• Enkulu xa kuthelekiswa namanye Iipholima, ubunzima akulunganga kakhulu ukumelana banxibe.

apho kusetyenziswa

Fluorine iplastiki esetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi kuqoqosho. amaninzi kakhulu isetyenziswa:

• Kushishino ngomatshini. Ekubeni 'ngumlingani iimpikiswano zochuku into incinane kakhulu, kuba yavelisa iibheringi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iiyunithi ukukhuhlana, inkxaso imilenze njalo njalo. D.
• Kumashishini zombane kunye neeletroniki ezithengiswayo. Yokwambathisa Teflon naye elibalaseleyo. Ngako oko kudla kakhulu ezisetyenziswayo xa kwenziwa imveliso kweentambo, iibhodi beesekethe, amacandelo ngekhompyutha njalo njalo. D.
• In amayeza. Ukongeza zitho kunye nokufakelwa eyenziwe Teflon container yokugcina serum kunye plasma. Made kuye ezingxobeni amayeza.
• Xa yokudla. Le nto kakhulu kakuhle, umzekelo, emigodini lwemveliso ukuziqengqa intlama ezisetyenziswa kwiivenkile, impompo beleni ubisi, njl neengcedevu kumphezulu Teflon engaphakathi - .. Ingaba kwakhona uhlobo fluoroplastic.
• Xa Wahlanganisa imibhobho yamanzi kunye neenkqubo sewer (FUM-tape).

Ngoko ke, izinto ibango eliphezulu kakhulu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko nje zilahleka - Teflon. Iimpawu (ukusebenziseka kwalo eneneni ebanzi kakhulu), ezenzelwe iindwendwe, sibheka ngezantsi.

ukukhuhlana lomlingani

Eli nani e PTFE incinci kakhulu. I entshukumo static ukungavumelani kwe zochuku kwi insimbi ngu 0.04 kuphela. Noko ke, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, PTFE - impahla ayikho ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngoko ke, nasemva 100 eyipasile kumphezulu iipropati ziyahluka. Kule lomlingani kwamagxa kunobunye kwandisa ukuya kwi 0,13, nawentshukumo - ukuya ku 0.08.

Ivavanywa utshintsho ayibuyiseki umva umgangatho fluoropolymer kwaye ngesantya ukutyibilika phezulu kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, 'ngumlingani zochuku linyuke amaxesha 2-3. Ixabiso le index zisenokwahluka kakhulu kunye nokunyuka lobushushu.

Polytetrafluoroethylene kunciphisa ukungavumelani kwe zochuku unokuthi, xa ukunyuka umthwalo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, noxinzelelo of:

• 20-30 kg / m ^2, ixabiso lale index - 0.1;
• 150-300 kg / m ² - 0,02.

Le nto ithambe ngokwaneleyo - Teflon. iimpawu zayo kangangokuba xa asetyenziselwa imveliso, umzekelo, iibheringi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukongeza fillers olungumgubo. Oku kunokuba coke, imicu iglasi, molybdenum disulfate, njalo-njalo. D.

iipropati nabizayo

Le films obhityileyo Teflon adlulisele kuye ngokukhululekileyo ukukhanya, ie ngaphaya. Ukhangela ngayo iyafana polyethylene. Iifilimu kwentshinyela le nto esikhanyayo.

Isalathisi elubala fluoroplastic ukuya UV eyingozi ngokungqinelana ezahlukeneyo 2000-4000 A, kuba infrared - kwamaza ukusukela kuma-2 ukuya 7,5 μ.

Ukubekwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu

Xa itshiswe ngeqondo elibekwe ngaphezu kwama- 327 fluoroplastic ziikristale yayo zitshatyalalisiwe, apho udlula kulo ifomu amorphous. Ngokuqhelekileyo iindawo zamafu owenziwe le nto zimnyama. Emva kokuba lenguqu ukuya amorphous ifomu PTFE uqalisa okudlulisela ngokukhululekileyo ukukhanya. Kulo mzekelo, izinto ayikho viscous kunye elastic kakhulu. Xa lashushu degrees 415 C nangaphezulu inkqubo yayo yokubola iqala. Oko viscous Teflon alwenzeki nanini na lobushushu.

Oku kuchaphazela ukwenziwa inkqubo ubugcisa iingontsi. Polyacetal (iinkcukacha Standard uchaza ngokuchanileyo maximum) ayikwazi lokusetyenziswa kuqhubekeko ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo ukuba iiplastiki. Umzekelo, imveliso eyenziweyo kulowo ngenaliti yokubumba okanye extrusion engenakwenzeka. Ukuvelisa iinxalenye kunye namacandelo ezenziwe kule nto ngokuthi sintering iteknoloji ngokusebenzisa "iipilisi" kuqukaniswa kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.

iipropati chemical

Fluoroplastic-4 lulwelo afana izinzile. Le ncwadi azikho ukuluhlakaza nkqu nezinto ubundlongo - asidi sobisi kwaye womelele. Azinayo nayiphi na isiphumo kuye nezisombululo obrak bagxila.

Inye kuphela ayithethi uluthiyile zoqhagamshelwano - izisombululo ngentsimbi kwealkali kwi ammonia kunye fluorine elemental kunye chlorine trifluoride. Kubonisa ukuba isiphumo kwezi khemikhali kwi kwamaqondo eziphakamileyo.

ukwanda ratio

Kweli parameter Teflon F4 iimpawu nazo omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, inani yayo ukwandiswa yahluka kunye lobushushu. Njengoko kubonisiwe kule theyibhile.

recrystallization

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, omnye iingxaki xa engenwe PTFE (ogama iinkcukacha ngokubanzi elungileyo), iqondo sezingeni eliphezulu lokuhamba ebandayo. Ukuziqhelisa, oku kubangela ekutshintsheni ngohlobo eyenziwa zoko kwi koxinzelelo ephakamileyo. Ukuba zisetyenziswa kwiqondo lobushushu hayi phezulu kakhulu - ukusuka degrees 80 ukuya 100 C, umthwalo akufunekanga ibe ngaphezulu kwe-10 kg / m ^{2 apho.} Noxinzelelo ephezulu imveliso iya kuhlala deformation ebonakalayo. Njengoko ubushushu yokwanda kufuneka incitshiswe kunye umthwalo.

Ukuba xi eyomeleleyo (100-200 kg / m ²⁾ isampuli eyenziwe polytetrafluorethylene, kunokwenziwa kutyunyuzwa ibe ipleyiti ukuba siyehla Ebubanzini izihlandlo 3-5 ngokuxhomekeke lobushushu. Xa ngokuqhelekileyo alwenzeki deformation le material ngokuhlaziya kwaye akukho ezinye iingozi.

Kule theyibhile ingezantsi umntu uyakwazi ukubona ukuba yintoni na ngokuphathelele kulo iinkcukacha fluoroplastic (ucinezelo phantsi imithwalo ezithile).

Fotoroplast nga isicelo iindawo zemveliso kusetyenziswa, yaye omkhulu kwama-30 kg / m ² uxinzelelo. Noko ke, kule meko nokubandakanya ukwakhiwa ekudityanwa kuzo imveliso kufuneka ibe ashinyeneyo. Oku akuvumelekanga ubukho kuyo of nemingxuma okanye izikhewu ezibalulekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, i fluoroplastic kuya kufuneka nje ndawo ukubaleka. izinto Teflon - hayi elastic kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuze kuphunyezwa umsebenzi othile oza Ukufudumala, idityaniswa ekuvelisweni ngerabha. Maxa wambi iindawo ekuhlangana ukusebenzisa compensators ezizodwa emthonjeni.

iinkcukacha: Fluoroplastic

Xa imveliso PTFE-4 ziyathotyelwa compulsorily kunye neemfuno GOST 10007-80. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ibonisa iipropati physico-chemical ibalulekileyo yale nto.

Nantsi ezimangalisayo iinkcukacha enjalo Teflon-4. Iimpawu zezi zixhobo zokufunda kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwayo eyimveliso ndawo iphezulu umgangatho.

Brand PTFE-4

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, polytetrafluoroethylene - le ndlela ithandwayo olu hlobo neeplastikhi. Okwangoku uvelisa iintlobo ezininzi PTFE-4:

• F-4PN. Isetyenziswa lokuvelisa kukuthembeka ophezulu.
• 4D-F. Isetyenziswa ekuveliseni imveliso injongo jikelele.
• F-4D. Of PTFE yenza le brand zibhityile-enqatyisiweyo ityhubhu, ezisongwayo ukuba iintambo, zakhona tape FUM.
• F-4D. izinto manufacturable kakhulu ukusetyenziselwa ukwenziwa ubungakanani ngqo.

sheet Teflon

Products yale hlobo ezifana kakhulu isidingo kushishino mihla. Kuba imveliso ubushushu, anti-zochuku kunye neemveliso ukutywina Polymer elungileyo kakhulu ezifana Teflon, iimpawu. Leaf version iteknoloji yayo lemveliso ihlelwa:

• uphawu material "C" (zakhutshwa);
• uphawu "P" (licinezelwe).

Intengiso imiqulu fluoroplastic ezifana ngaphandle coil. balo babulingana nesandla kwakhona kumiselwa umgangatho karhulumente kunye, kuxhomekeka ububanzi inokuba 2-4 mm.

Teflon, iimpawu zabo yemvelo enkulu - izinto mihla isetyenziselwa eyimveliso iintlobo ngeentlobo iinxalenye kunye namacandelo. Xa kuthelekiswa iiplastiki eqhelekileyo ukuba umntu ezininzi iingenelo. Zombini PTFE kunye namanqaku yayo, ngenxa yeemfuno kwizinga eliphezulu, kufuneka kwenziwe ngokungqinelana ngqongqo GOST.