Gasparov Mihail Leonovich: biography, iincwadi

Academician Gasparov Mihail Leonovich, umhlalutyi zoncwadi ezaziwayo-kakuhle, stihoved, philologist, mbali iincwadi yamandulo, wenze igalelo elibalulekileyo kwithiyori le izibongo Russian kanye zaseYurophu. umsebenzi wakhe yesayensi yaba elizibalula ngokwenene ukugxekwa Russian zoncwadi. Iinguqulelo uncwadi yamandulo M. L. Gasparova kunye namhlanje phakathi best practice ekhaya.

ebuntwaneni

Wazalwa Gasparov Mihail Leonovich Aprili 13, 1935 eMoscow kwintsapho abaziingqondi. Umama wakhe, Elena Aleksandrovna Nyurenberg, nee Budilova, wasebenza kwiphephancwadi "silwe" umhleli, kamva wamela ithisisi zobugqirha yakhe kwingcingane basebenza kwi-Institute of Psychology Academy of zokufundiswa Sciences USSR. Waye etshate injineli imigodi Leo Arsenevichem Gasparovym, oyinzalelwane Nagorno-Karabakh. Xa uMichael abaselula kakhulu, ukuba umtshato. Kodwa ke uyise ngokwenene unina womntwana yaba asebenza kwi lowu "silwe", owathi kamva wasebenza lowu "Ngelo ivili" kunye nokupapasha indlu USSR Academy of Sciences. Kodwa Mihail Leonovich zange ngokwenene obuthethwayo uyise ubomi bakhe bonke wathi unina bayinyusa, ukuba kwakunjalo. Noyise wadibana kuphela nje umntu omdala.

ukubunjwa

Ngexesha lemfazwe, uMichael waya eMoscow inombolo yesikolo-12, nto leyo ke izifundo ngo-1952. Sele esikolweni eboniswe ngokucacileyo Gasparov ekugxilwe wobuntu. Ngoko ke, ukukhetha kwakhe sebe wezinto ubuhlakani philological emva esikolweni akumangalisi. Ngowe-1957 ngempumelelo izidanga ukusuka eMoscow State University. Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo Gasparov Mihail Leonovich ligqibe ukuqhubeka ukuba bafunde isayensi ababhalise esikolweni iziqu.

umsebenzi zesayensi

izinto Research Gasparov - uncwadi yamandulo. Mihail Leonovich wayesazi ngokugqibeleleyo lesiGrike wamandulo kunye Modern, Latin, ingumnini yi-French, isiJamani kunye Italian. PhD ithisisi lakhe (1963) sanikezelwa intsomi yamandulo. uncwadi bamandulo sasingumba ezininzi kwiincwadi zakhe neentetho. Ukususela ngowe-1957, wachitha iminyaka 33 njengoko umqeshwa kwicandelo uncwadi yamandulo Institute of World Literature USSR.

Ngo-1970, kwakukho yesibini Lyubov Gasparova - versification. Ukususela ngowe-1971 ukuya 1981 bathatha inxaxheba Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School, eyathi yaqulunqa imisebenzi formalists Russian, wayenomdla Ezolimi zemathematika kunye isicelo, poetics. thesis doctoral Gasparov "Modern metric ivesi Russian kunye nesingqisho" uye waba ikhonkco ingcamango yakhe kwimibongo yakhe. Ngowe-1990 Gasparov Mihail Leonovich waye nzulu oyintloko lwecandelo kunye nendlela Russian Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences. Ukususela ngowe-1990, yena - ilungu le-Academy of Sciences waseUSSR, ukususela 1992 - Academician le Russian Academy of Sciences. Ukususela ngo-1992, naye ke wasebenza Russian State yobuntu University, i-Institute of Studies enceda ePhakamileyo. Ngowe-2002 koko wabubhekisa isebe Ezolimi zesakhiwo poetics noshowo kwi-Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, isikhundla wahlala de kwasekufeni kwakhe.

Iincwadi kunye nemibhalo Gasparov

Ngexesha umphengululi kwakhe lokudla uye wapapasha imisebenzi emininzi. Gasparov Mihail Leonovich, namhlanje ogama iincwadi ezindala e entsimini iincwadi yamandulo, kwaye isimbo, ukuhlalutya uncwadi, waba yimbangi amanqaku amakhulu aliqela kunye neencwadi ezininzi. imisebenzi yakhe eqokelelwa nemiqulu ezine egubungele intle umsebenzi wakhe yokuba. Yonke imisebenzi wayo amaqela ngamaqela ezininzi elikhulu: ukufunda iincwadi zamandulo, usebenza weencwadi zakudala kunye neencwadi mihla, amanqaku kunye iincwadi zoncwadi Russian kunye nophando kwi yokuba.

Inxalenye eyahlukileyo ubuchule le sisazinzulu ukwenza iincwadi non-fiction kwi inkcubeko wamandulo :. "Lupa Capitolina", "Ukugxila Greece" Kwakhona Gasparov waye umhleli oyintloko we "Hope encyclopedia", ilungu iibhodi lomhleli yaloo series odumileyo njenge "Monuments yoncwadi", "Library of Literature Classical", "Sign Systems Studies", "Uncwadi" iphephancwadi, "Bulletin imbali yamandulo," oolindixesha akwamanye amazwe .

imisebenzi translation

Edume Gasparov weza iinguqulelo bakhe imibhalo yamandulo. nemveliso kunye virtuosity njengoko ngumguquleli nje emangalisayo. translation Gasparovsky evela yesiGrike uOvid, uAristotle, Aesop nangoku nanto, kungekhona kuphela ngokubhekiselele ekuchanekeni, kodwa ubuhle zobugcisa. Kwiinguqulelo zakhe umfundi Russian nabo ukufunda imibongo yamandulo, uCicero, Horace, uDiogenes Laertius.

ukufundisa

Academician Gasparov wafundisa iminyaka emininzi ukuba kumisa kunye inxaxheba ngenkuthalo iSebe of History kunye Theory of World Culture kwi-Philosophy Faculty of Moscow State University. I Ubuciko Institute kubo. Gorky, wafundisa iikhosi yokuba kunye nemibongo Russian. Ezi izifundo kwatsala inani elikhulu labafundi njengoko ngumhlohli Gasparov waba ezikhuthazayo kwaye eliqaqambileyo. Kamva, ezinye zezi ntetho ifakiwe kule ncwadi "Le vesi".

imisebenzi ezigcinwe

Inqaku Gasparov on yokuba nemibongo Russian baqokelelwa uhlelo-volume ezine "imisebenzi ezikhethiweyo". Umqulu wokuqala - "On the Imbongi" - kunikezelwa izibongo yamandulo njengomthombo izithethe zoncwadi yamandulo. Umqulu wesibini - "Kwi ndinyana" - isekelwe efundisa eyunivesithi kwaye azinikele uhlahlelo imisebenzi neembongi Russian, Tsvetaeva, Pushkin, Fet, Khlebnikov, Mayakovsky, Russian avant-garde, Brodsky. Uzama uku okubhaliweyo ukusuka Gasparov - ngumzekelo omhle kunye nophando yoqobo kunye nezigqibo ebanzi. Umqulu wesithathu - "Kwi ndinyana" - enikelwe kwithiyori yesihobe, stylistics kunye poetics. Ukuba sesine - "Ezolimi vesi" - ezinikelwe ekutolikweni uhlahlelo imisebenzi neembongi Russian.

bamxolele

Gasparov Mihail Leonovich ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo ngokuphindaphindiweyo wafumana amabhaso kakuhle yayibafanele. Nguye oyiphumeleleyo Prize kaRhulumente (1995), umnini "Porthole" amabhaso, Minor Booker, iibhonasi A. White. Ngowe-2004, wafumana ibhaso ezifundweni kubo. A. S. Pushkina edition of "Imisebenzi ezikhethiweyo" imithamo 3.

impilo Personal

Gasparov ML phantse elinamashumi amahlanu utshate umhleli boncwadi Alevtinoy Mihaylovnoy Zotovoy. Esi sibini wazala intombi, Elena, ngoku Ph.D., wayesebenza Research Institute of kokuya esikolweni leMfundo waseUSSR APK, kuphakamisa abazukulwana ezimbini Gasparov.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Ukususela ngasekupheleni 1990, Academician uMikhail Gasparov Usihlube kwinkalo entsha yokusebenza, uyonwaba yaye iinguqulelo umfuniselo imibongo ephakathi kunye mihla. Xa intshumayelo yakhe kuvela kumbongo Russian L. Ariosto kaThixo "Orlando Furioso", ndinyana G. Heim. Kwaye ke ethi "translation yokulinga" waba isiganeko wokwenene lemfundo.

Novemba 7, 2005 Gasparov wafa, waza wangcwatywa iimbeko ezipheleleyo Miusskaya Amangcwaba eMoscow.

Emva kokufa Michael Leonovich uluntu ngokubanzi iyaziwa kodwa enye inkalo italente yakhe. Umfazi wakhe, Alevtina M., bapapasha ingqokelela ezimbalwa encinane kwimibongo yakhe. Sam Gasparov ngokwakhe a imbongi akazange acinge ukuba ukuchaza ukuba oku kusabela kuphela imibongo na abasunguli enkulu.