Gleb Gari: biography kanye photo

NgoNovemba 1937 NKVD ezizodwa bamaZwe wenza isigqibo ngokwesiseko apho wagwetyelwa ukufa omnye wabaseki Cheka, ijoni mbuso eRashiya Gleb Ivanovich Boky. Ngaphandle njengesiqhelo ngaloo minyaka ebekwe-mthetho - zaseMelika, umsebenzi anti-eSoviet, njl - .. Yena wabekwa kunye nokudalwa isangqa spiritualistic, unxibelelwano kunye oomoya kunye yokuqikelela elizayo. Yintoni eyabangela ukuba ayencokola okwetyeli amaKomanisi kwiimpawu Leminyaka Aphakathi?

Young Socialist - owayeyinzala kwintsapho yeengcungcu

usihlalo lwexesha elizayo Petersburg Cheka Gleb Gari wazalwa kaJuni 21, 1879 e Tiflis, kwintsapho lootitshala of chemistry yokujima wengingqi Ivan Dmitrievich Boky - inzala entsapho yamandulo yeengcungcu, oku kukhankanywe amaxwebhu ngexesha Ivan labangcangcazelisi. Nangona ngabafo imvelaphi, uyise akazange abe imeko, ilifa yookhokho babo, baze babulele kuphela Imigudu ilawulwa lenyuka ukuya kutsho kwisikhundla uCeba State kwaye ushukume usapho lwakhe ukuya eSt Petersburg.

Emva kokuphumelela ngo-1896 ukususela kwisikolo yobugcisa, Hleb ungena Petersburg Mining yeCadet lweSizwe - neeyunivesithi sikhulu kweli lizwe, kuba owayephumelele kunyaka yangaphambili umninawa wakhe omdala Boris. esineziphiwo ezininzi zendalo amalungelo iklasi ukuba nethemba umsebenzi okuqaqambileyo kwixesha elizayo, kodwa Isiphelo sakhe Yayenzelwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo - ngonyaka elinesixhenxe ubudala waba nomdla fashion phakathi kwabafundi iingcinga inguqu kwezentlalo zehlabathi kwentloko yakhe, waya kuloo mbuso.

Ukuqala indlela revolution

Kunyaka olandelayo, le bumnandi bamrholela entlanganisweni phakathi mbutho komhlaba 'Union of ngumzabalazo wenkululeko zabasebenzi. " Ukongeza, nguye othatha inxaxheba yomfundi Izangqa ezininzi yezopolitiko. Ekufeni kayise, unobangela leyo lithemba kwakhe ukuwa amathemba unyana onesidima elizayo, Gleb, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, wagxeka ulawulo lwangoku nabo esekwe isigqibo ukulwa nayo.

Wangena ngo-1900 ukuya ndakukhupha RSDLP kunye ukuqhelisela enye kwimigodi Krivoy Rog uluntu Gleb Gari Kokokuqala emva nemivalo, umdla inxaxheba kwiqela mthethweni "Labor Maka". Ukususela ngelo xesha zoludwe olungenasiphelo azo okubamba zakhe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo yamabanjwa.

Le manual Petersburg HC

Njengoko nokuthatha inxaxheba kwezi ziganeko olululo 1905, Gleb Boky, ogama engobomi ihlanganiswa nethunga kwimbali intshukumo yamaBolshevik, baziwa ngokupheleleyo Icala elisezantsi romanticism olululo. izihlandlo ezilishumi elinambini, phantsi ukubanjwa, kunye neminyaka enesiqingatha wayichitha evalelwe yedwa, yaye ababini bakhonza elubhacweni eSiberia. Loo irekhodi kwingoma ukuba uyawaqhayisela, kungekhona nje xa umlingane wakhe. Ngowe-1917 Gleb unobhala lonyulwe kwi Petrograd Committee RSDLP (b) ngemihla ka-Oktobha Revolution kuthatha i inxaxheba.

Kwanangaphambi lingekadalwa Cheka, ilungu Military Committee Revolutionary, Gleb Gari owayephethe kumzabalazo wokulwa counterrevolution kunye ngabom, ke ngoko, kakhulu ubhalo eyishiyile isekela ukuqeshwa Moiseya Uritskogo, ngubani wabubhekisa isakhiwo ntsha sazela, ziye washiya imemori abayibo- kwi amajoni amabali. Xa, ngo-Agasti 1918, waza wabulawa ngexa Gari yabamba post yakhe.

Ngasemva kunye ngaphambili

Ukubulawa intloko Cheka yaba isizathu imisebenzi ubunzima-ukuhlaselwa ngabavukeli, iqaliswe usihlalo Petrograd Soviet G. E. Zinovev, kwaye umdlwenguli ethe ngqo - Gleb Boky. On imiyalelo yakhe ngaloo mihla wadutyulwa abazizibambiso anamakhulu amahlanu elinesibini, isiphoso sakhe kuphela zonke imvelaphi zabo zentlalo. incasa bekunjalo legazi ngokudibene ezingqondweni nokungohlwaywa amacala yi umfundi ngaphambili wajika ndiyingwenya na, eveliswa yi-nkqubo, ixhoba aza emva koko.

Ekubeni kunjalo imfazwe yamakhaya ukuya phambili, kunye ngaphambili kwaye ke kuyimfuneko zonke-ukubona iliso weKomishoni Extraordinary, Gari abasekondiweyo kuqala e Belarus, emva kokufumana inkululeko yayo abahlaseli yaseJamani wathumela eMpuma Front, apho intloko yeSebe Special. Ngowe-1921, wafika e Moscow, apho iqala ukusebenza amalungu Cheka, kwaye kwixesha kwiminyaka 1925-1926 iye yabamba kwisikhundla sokuba nguSekela USihlalo OGPU. Kwiminyaka ye perestroika kwenziwa amaxwebhu zikarhulumente ezininzi ebonisa ubungakanani zocindezelo yezopolitiko ezenziwa ngelo xesha, kwaye kucacile ukuba omnye izinto ubugwenxa kunye Gleb Boky, ogama ifoto kwexesha elinikiweyo kweli nqaku.

Ukudalwa zamasebe Cheka lobunzululwazi nobugcisa

Noko ke, umsebenzi wayo ayiphelelanga kuphela ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi counter-ukuhlaselwa ngabavukeli. Ukususela ngowe-1921, koko wabubhekisa isebe Special le Cheka. Gleb Gari ngumdali kwekhadi cryptographic, aphawula ukuqala iinkonzo eziliqela lwenzululwazi nobugcisa exhasa ukusebenza-arhente. Ukongezelela esweni ukuthotyelwa obubobakhe kuzo zonke iindawo ezinxulumene iimfihlakalo karhulumente, isebe babandakanyeka intercepting kwaye yonke ezama ethunyelwe zidlulisele akwamanye amazwe.

Phantsi kwesikhokelo Boky bavela nobuchwepheshe, ebe isiseko iminyaka imibhalo efihlakeleyo emininzi esetyenziswa yi iinkonzo ezifihlakeleyo eSoviet Union. Ngowe-1936 oko yasungulwa kwaye enye ngaphezulu iilebhu emfihlekweni inxaxheba ekudalweni ubuthi ukuba imisebenzi ezizodwa ukuphelisa amagosa ulawulo okungafunwayo ukufumana amachiza psychotropic enokuchaphazela ezingqondweni abamangalelwa.

Fair ukuba sithi, ngokungafaniyo amalungu ezininzi nomenklatura phezulu, Gleb Gari wayengenguye careerist kunye amathuba. Abo bafumana ithuba ukunxibelelana naye, ngaphezu kwesihlandlo wagxininisa ukuba wayengomnye abambalwa eyayisuka ukubuphikisa izilangazelelo unobangela Lenin, yaye kamva Stalin, ngubani ekuhleni yanto. Ekubeni eko ngasekupheleni Gari nokuba demonstratively indiva inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso iqela, ukuwabona wusijonga njengenkcitha xesha.

Phantsi yempembelelo amahlelo zemilingo

Ekuhambeni yokusombulula uluhlu olubanzi iingxaki lobunzululwazi nobugcisa isebe Special basebenzisa iinkonzo kwimibutho zophando ngokusemthethweni ukuba yokwenza GPU. Omnye wabo kwilebhu neyroenergetiki kwi Moscow Institute of Ukuhlola Medicine. omaziyo Boky zobuqu kunye nenkokeli yalo UNjingalwazi AV Barchenko kwaphawula abanakuxakwa nayintoni na nabaphandi babo ubungqina elizayo ukuba wothini na ukuzibiza 'ukumka ukusuka kwizikhundla-Leninist abangabaxhasi bakaMarx phantsi kwempembelelo iimfundiso eyimfihlakalo. " Professor, wadlala indima sibulale yomphefumlo igosa eliphezulu, wayeyintloko okulinda Masonic imfihlelo "Science Ancient".

Barchenko kuphuhliswa phambi kwabazana imibono yakhe entsha zahlukeneyo ubugqi ukuba Gari waba nomdla ngendlela efanayo njengomfundi imfundiso Marx kaThixo. Le njingalwazi wakwazi ukuba bazobe isangqa yeenkokeli ezifana-nye kunye namanye le OGPU. Bonke nguLwesihlanu ibhengeze ukuba basebenzise nobugqi kunye "ulwazi oluyimfihlo 'ukuze kwakhiwe uluntu wamaKomanisi.

Sasuka eziqulethwe endala

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba isigqibo IV Congress of the Comintern, ebanjwe 1922, amaKomanisi ngokucacile esalelweyo ubulungu kwi kwamagumbi okulinda Masonic, amagosa eziliqela, elikhokelwa Bokiem wawela lo sisiphambusa , nkqu waququzelela uluntu ofihlakeleyo "ubuzalwana enobunye labour." Injongo yakhe ukwakha uluntu Linokubakho phezu kwemimiselo zabefundisi nokuhlonipha unqulo. Ngaphandle kulo ndawo yokugqibela, ngokubanzi ngokuhambelana iminqweno nolobukomanisi.

Kunzima kuthi yintoni eyabangela ukuba Gleb Ivanovich kunye namaqabane akhe, abameli lwezintlu phezulu kwamandla eSoviet eli lizwe. Ngokucacileyo, esiya ngalo neshologu kwe revolution, kwiMfazwe Civil and Olubomvu Terror, bona kwewebhu owayesakuba iimbono, kwaye iingqondo zabo owaphuma amathandabuzo malunga inviolability ka ntiyiso. Udlale indima kunye ikratshi maqabane zabo zangaphambili lomzabalazo, ukuze athathe indawo ephezulu leri iqela le.

isiphelo sazo

Kodwa hayi ilize inkonzo imfihlelo Stalin zaye kuthelekiswa uthixo yamandulo yesiGrike Kron, uzidle uzigqibe abantwana alo. Ngexesha "Lunxunguphalo Enkulu", uninzi lwamagosa OGPU ekwabelwana ziyahlelwa amaxhoba awo abangenatyala. Le ithuba Gleba Bokiya. Wabanjwa ngoJuni 7, 1937. Loo mini uwile kulo nobugqi yegosa lokhuseleko ekuthiwa yaBantu Commissar of Internal Affairs Yezhov. Emva kwexesha elithile intloko kwikhabhinethi le OGPU hero webali yethu yaziswa kakade mixokelelwane.

Ebudeni bokuncinwa Gari wazama ukucacisa ukuba, musa ukuyibekela kuzo thina iinjongo zopolitiko, nje wayefuna ukwazi inyaniso epheleleyo. Yimalini kuthinjwa iimfundiso zakhe limangalisa engqondweni, abacuphi baye bakwazi ukubona ngethuba kusetshwa ethe yaveliswa endlwini wabanjwa. Apho, kunye uphawu bulumko Masonic, uncwadi womisa ukuqokelelwa lonke phalluses ezifumaneka nabo. Baye zinxibelelene kunjalo, kodwa ngoncedo lwabo ngokukaTau obuqwalaselwe-kuzalwa wayenethemba ukutshintsha ihlabathi - ayaziwa.

Isigwebo ngaphandle kwetyala

Noko ke, isigwebo intanda enye phalluses omile ezimbalwa. Noko ke, ubuchwepheshe ukuze ndikhuphe bavume ukuba kudala wasebenza kwigumbi elingaphantsi kwalo ziko kubaphandi abaninzi, kuquka yi nebanjwa yangoku. Ngokutsho kwamaxwebhu, kuye kwabonakala ukuzibandakanya yakhe kuphela kwizangqa bomlingo le ukweyisela anti-eSoviet, kodwa ayihlola kuba amandla angaphandle.

Bayahlelwa ngakumbi ummangalelwa sele kusonjululwa noko ubulula efanayo athe Uchitha yobomi babantu kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Ayikhe ithi qatha kuyimfuneko ukuze ibambe iingxoxo. Special NKVD bamaZwe (kukangaphi waba lilungu kathathu ezinjalo) Gleb Ivanovich bagwetyelwa ukufa. kulandele ukuqhutywa isivakalisi loo mini. Njengoninzi umbingelelo wakhe, Gari yaye kwimeko yesiqhelo emva kokufa kukaStalin kaThixo.

Intsapho kunye nenzala shot igosa lokhuseleko

Ibali abuyonto ngaphandle kukhankanywa yentsapho Gleb Ivanovich. Siyazi ukuba utshatile kabini. Umfazi wakhe wokuqala, Sofey Aleksandrovnoy Doller, livela nakwivukela usapho populists, Gari waphila ukususela 1905 ukuya 1919. Ke wayeneentombi ezimbini - UHelen uOksana, owathi kamva waba ngumfazi-mbali kunye yekhasi Leo Derpå.

Ukusuka umtshato wakhe wesibini kunye Dobryakova Elena Alexandrovna wazalwa intombi ka Allah, leyo, ngokutsho memoirs ababephila, wayeyoliswa kakhulu Gleb Boky. Umzukulwana, owazalelwa kulo ngo-1960 nango ogama lakhe behlonipha kayisemkhulu Gleb, yaba usomashishini Russian enkulu owabulawa kwi "nineties owenkawu".

umfanekiso Boky zobuciko lwanamhlanje

Kwimizobo wanamhla, phakathi kwezinye engumfuziselo minyaka idlulileyo baye bafumana ngumfanekiso ebanzi ngokwaneleyo kunye Gleb Boky. Incwadi ngobomi bakhe sabhalwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba kulungiswe. Yaba imveliso yokuqala ezinjalo. Umbhali saso kaMagarita Vladimirovna Yamshikova (igama pen - uAleksandr Altaev). "Imbali Gleba Bokiya" - ngoko obizwa ngokuba memory lomntu nikwazi. Kamva, kwakusekho inani sungula ku iincwadi zakhe, yaye uye waba ligorha bhanya phawu eziliqela. Ku nga bayicezele ingqalelo yamaphepha-ndaba, umzukulwana Gleba Bokiya, ogama kubulawa 1999, wayifulela ngamajelo eendaba.