Hurdling: Imithetho nezixhobo

Hurdling ithathwa uhlobo non-ezithile zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Ekuqaleni, le ukhuphiswano inxaxheba abalusi ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka bazama ukoyisa ezibayeni zempahla emfutshane. Kamva, lo mdlalo iye ngcono, yaye emva koko bangena inkqubo Olimpiki.

Umdla bakhula abantu, ezikuthandayo ubuchule umqobo run kunye iadrenaline eveliswa ngexesha intshukumo ngesantya esiphezulu senxulumano kwaye iyaxhuma. Iingcali abalungiselela iimbaleki ukhuphiswano, waqalisa ukukhangela iindlela zokuphucula intsebenzo. Ngenxa yoko, ngexesha ubukho ngokoyisa buciko umqobo yatshintsha ngaphezu kanye.

Hurdling wabonakala kuqala kwi-Olimpiki 1896, kodwa yayizinyaswe kuphela ngabantu, ngokuba abafazi umgama baba ifumaneka engama-24 kuphela kamva. Kude 1935 ukungakwazi yaba uhlobo ezimilise T-, uze emva koko utshintshe i L-ezimile. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sebenzisa nje yesibini khetho, kuba ikhuseleke kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuba usoyise. isithintelo onjalo isiphumo yokudlala ukuba kuyimfuneko kwimeko womdlali ayikho uphumelela jump.

ukhuphiswano ibanga

I iimbaleki ukhuphiswano kufuneka boyise loo umgama umqobo run:

• 60 yeemitha abanezithintelo (eyayibanjelwe ezinkundleni);
• 100 kweemitha - ubude yabafazi, kunye neemitha 110 - ngenxa yabantu;
• yeehedili imitha-400 (yaqhutywa amabala avulekileyo).

Xa ke iintlanga ukuba iiyadi 400 abantu, umgama phakathi imiqobo oziimitha ezi-35 ukuphakama njengomqobo - 0,914 yeemitha, ngokuba abafazi kumgama enye, ukuphakama - 0,762 m.

Hurdling nge kumgama amancinci lwenziwa emkhondweni othe tye, yaye umgama okwisithuba seemitha 400 - on a track setyhula. mbaleki nganye isebenza isendleleni yayo, ngaphandle ukuwela nommandla wayo. Imiqobo zibekwe kwi kumgama enye, ukwenzela ukuba banikwe inkxaso kukhohliswa umgca yokuqala. Umqobo ziyakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo we-4 kg ubunzima.

Qala kunye lunikezelo

Emdlalweni, hurdling iqala isiqalo yokubeka asezantsi. Xa umyalelo yi "Ingqalelo!", Komdlali makaphakamise isinqe inxalenye ukuya kwinqanaba egxalabeni. Qala imbaleki njalo kuphela emva kokuba uphawu "Yiya!". Kuba kuqala amanyathelo 4-5 kwimbaleki kufuneka babe nexesha ukulungelelanisa umzimba wakho, uze ubaleke ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngempumelelo kakhulu ekwandeni abo abadlali abo iziko ngaxeshanye yokunikana yaqabela. Isigaba sokugcina yokunyusa ukuqalela emva kokususa iinyawo centrifugal ehlasela xihinga.

Ukungakwazi lokuqala

Umongo njengomqobo awuqalanga tsiba phezu imiqobo kunye neengxaki esinazo. Movement yembaleki azenziwanga phezulu, yaye kwicala phambili. ngesithintelo ngasinye ithathwa ngokuhambelana njengobuchule eqhelekileyo, yohlulwe sub-amanyathelo aliqela:

1. Attack. Ukuze ukuhlasela, womdlali kuphakamisa nomlenze flywheel, uyigobayo kwi edolweni, uze ukuqondisa umzantsi womlenze, isithende ezikhomba phambili. Kule meko inyonga kukuba ngokunxuseneyo ukuya moya nkqo, kwaye nomzimba kunye nentloko zigcinwe ngqongqo emgceni.
2. Kwipali enqamlezileyo. In inguqu phezu womdlali kwepali kuyimfuneko ukuze uphakamise umlenze igotywe entlanganweni kwedolo, leyo kuhlabana kwaye ukubancina iqatha yakhe. umlenze Centrifugal uyalwa kwehlisa, ingalo centrifugal - umva.
3. Sele esidla. Kule yokugqibela substep flywheel hurdler uluhlu ibeka unyawo lwakhe kwinkxaso isithende kunye sock, lo gama ukugcina umgama we-130 cm ukusuka njengomqobo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umzimba ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle tilting oko phambili.

Kufumana miqobo zoqeqesho akakwazi yonke imbaleki abanomnqweno. Bambalwa abantu ukulawula Kwathi ngokuchanekileyo nomqobo yokuqala, ngoko abantu nje phezulu amakhono abo ulilahle le nto. Ukuze iingcali, esi sicatshulwa umqobo kuveza akukho nzima.

main ibanga

Ubude umgama kunye nenani imiqobo bamiliselwa ukubalwa kwinyathelo cross ezintathu wayisa phakathi ngezithintelo kwimbaleki. Eyokuqala kwezi yeyona imfutshane, okwesibini - ubude, lowo yesithathu - lijolise ekulungiseleleni phambi ngokutsiba.

Ngenxa indlela imiqobo zoqeqesho, unako ukufunda ukubala indlela amanyathelo ngoxa ibaleka kwaye itshintshe lwezindlu. yonke uhlanga ovela phambi nokujikeleza yomzimba. Kuyinto isingqisho Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba aluvumelekanga aphule nokuba nokukhubeka kwi imiqobo. Le miqathango idiza ukuba imilenze kwicala ukuthwala kwepali okanye ngabom buhlungu umqobo akuvumelekanga.

entanjeni

Isigaba sokugqibela iqala emva kokuba le njuze ukuthatha xihinga lokugqibela. Gqibezela ngeendlela ezininzi:

• kwicala wokugqiba (womdlali yokubolekisana umzimba bit, nto phambili nomlenze wasekunene);
• roll ibele (hurdler tilts umzimba phambili, ukuthatha isandla sakhe xa ifikelela leemitha umgama yokugqibela).

Imithetho namarekhodi zehlabathi

imithetho Ukhuphiswano of imiqobo baye ukufana abanye kwingoma kunye entsimini lokubaleka. Ekuphela mahluko - kukho imiqobo. Umgama phakathi kwabo; ukuphakama kwawo abafani ngesondo kweembaleki, njengoko kuchazwe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku.

Imithetho engavunyelwa ekuyigqithiseni xihinga ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• ukuthwala unyawo ngaphandle njengomqobo;
• icala obbegat;
• Kwathi phantsi xihinga.

Isiphumo aluchaphazeli inani imiqobo wokugiliswa - ukuba isantya kuphela okhuphisanayo.

Kuba ixesha eliqhubekekayo le ziintshatsheli ukhuphiswano:

1. Aries Merritt (110 eemitha kwimizuzwana 12.80).
2. Jordanka Donkova (100 kwimizuzwana 12.21 meters).
3. Kevin Young (400 eemitha kwimizuzwana 46.78).
4. Julia Pechenkina (400 eemitha kwimizuzwana 52.34).

Imfundo technology umqobo run

Ukukwazi ukubaleka ngok batsibe imiqobo akwanelanga ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano kulo mdlalo. Ukuze uqale kufuneka baqeqeshwe ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni eyenza steeplechase, nendlela ukufumana iziphumo ezincumisayo. Uqeqesho iqulathe ngamanyathelo amane, nganye kuzo kubalulekile.

Iindlela umqobo run inokuba uqondakale ngokupheleleyo kwabasaqalayo, ukuba abathanga kahle imithetho ezisisiseko uhambe kakuhle kwaye ayikwazanga kukaZwilakhe kwanala ekuqaleni aphezulu. Iimbaleki ziqala uqeqesho ngokupheleleyo kuphela emva kokufunda ezi zakhono, kuba ngaphandle kwabo, umgama abuyi kudluliselwa ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ke ngoko ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule Olimpiki, ungakwazi ukulibala.

isisekelo

omaziyo bakhe ubuchule steeplechase iimbaleki qala kunokubonisa ubugcisa umgama intshukumo. Kufuneka isebenza ukususela ekuqaleni kunye sicatshulwa izithintelo ezintathu okanye ezine, kunye zokugqibela.

Iimbaleki nabanamava Kucetyiswa ukubonisa ubuchule ngokuphinda-phinda, uze emva koko izihlandlo ezimbalwa ukubaleka ngamanyathelo amathathu ocishe izithintelo ukuphakama akukho iisentimitha ngaphezu kwama-50. Umgama phakathi imiqobo kufuneka ube ziimitha ezi 7-8.

Ngexesha familiarization kunye ezisisiseko zokusisebenzisa njengomqobo kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo podbeganie ngqindilili ibhola nomqobo nguye, yaye ubudlelwane kwesingqisho tsiba phezu imiqobo kunye inter-umqobo aphilileyo.

uqeqesho

umdlali Steeplechase kufuna bhetyebhetye omkhulu ngaphambili kunye umva womlenze, kwakunye nokushukumisa esinqeni. Ukuze kwenzeke oku, kufuneka ukuba enze imisebenzi esisiseko. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuba ukuphuhlisa bhetyebhetye kunye okubuyela kwimo yazo nemisipha, nemisipha. Ezi ziquka:

1. Unyawo ihamba phambili kwaye umva ukusuka kwindawo imi inkxaso (a eludongeni, isitulo, njalo njalo).
2. Mahi esandleni, ngaphandle ayeguqa umlenze kwi edolweni, ubuso bakhe waguqukela inkxaso.
3. Ukuhamba ukutsibela kunye springy kunye ezixengaxengayo, zithambekele phambili uchukumise umgangatho kunye iingalo zakhe.
4. Phaya eludongeni, Wayitsala umlenze kwi kwedolo toe ukufikelela bar, uthambisa a esinqeni nezizisa isinqe phambili.
5. Behleli indawo njengomqobo kwelizwi flywheel umlenze ndinabile phambili, bend emane umlenze unyawo kwaye tsala yona ecaleni ngokucacileyo kwindawo esinekona sasekunene.

Ekuphuhlisweni bungqingqwa kunye okubuyela kwimo ye izixhobo lungu kunye nezihlunu baqale neembaleki ngcembe baqale ukufunda ubuchule ngayo kwixesha elizayo baya boyise imiqobo. Ukongeza, ngezi imithambo, umntu bagqwese isingqisho zokusisebenzisa phakathi imiqobo.

Okokuqala kufuneka ufunde onke ukuzilolonga, leyo amele ukwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo isizathu ukusuka komhlaba kunye nomnyango njengomqobo. Emva koko usebenzisa ukukhokela-in umthambo. Enkosi kubo, uyakwazi ukufunda uziqhelanise ubuchule imilenze motion njengomtyibilizi. Ngapha koko kukho iindlela ezenza kube lula ukuba bagqwese ukuhlanganiswa iintshukumo zombini imilenze (centrifugal kunye njengomtyibilizi), kwaye sihla sivela xihinga.

rhythm

Ukulungiselela injongo yoqeqesho leembaleki rhythm kunye nentshukumo Technology phakathi imiqobo akhe track ukusuka imiqobo emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu, ukuphakama esimalunga 50-60 ngeesentimitha umgama phakathi kwabo - malunga 7.5 m. Umsebenzi iimbaleki - ukusuka kwindawo seNtloko Start kuhamba umgama ngokwenza amanyathelo amane ukuya ukhubeka yokuqala, kwaye phakathi kwabo - kakuhle, ezintathu cross-lizwe move.

Njengoko uqeqesho neembaleki Umgama phakathi imiqobo kunye nokuphakama yabo entsha. Ukongeza, iimbaleki kufuneka rhoqo ukwandisa isantya ngayo bahambe umgama, ukuphucula intsebenzo lobuqu. inkuthazo Good kuba oko irekhodi kwihlabathi kolu khuphiswano.

lunikezelo

Ekubeni Iyakwazi ubuchule ekoyiseni imiqobo kunye nesingqisho aphilileyo, ixesha womdlali ukuba ukuqalisa ukufunda ubuchule kunye, Kakade ke, ukuqala lunikezelo. Okokuqala kufuneka kakuhle ubuchule isiqalo ophantsi ufunde kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze bafumane isantya ngokukhawuleza. Kunye nale msebenzi ifuna njengomtyibilizi ngesingqi de njengomqobo yokuqala, unyawo lwasekunene ibetha kwinqanaba isizathu phezu inkinga nesantya zakhe indyebo emva njengomqobo iye yasuswa.

ukuphuculwa kwezakhono

Hurdler siqonde ubuchule umqobo run nokuphucula izakhono zabo kuphela xa lokupasa zonke izigaba nokulungiselela ndilenze ngokuphindaphindiweyo imithambo ezizodwa. Kuqeqesho olusemgangathweni mbaleki wasebenzisa imigoqo ukuphakama ezahlukeneyo, inani okwandisa rhoqo. Womdlali kufuneka bafunde ukuba boyise umgama ngaphandle iimpazamo, kwangaxeshanye ezalisekisa njengommeli eliphantsi kunye sungula eliphezulu.