Iingxelo malunga Lermontov kwezinye iimbongi. Iingxelo abantu ezinkulu kwi Lermontov

Mihail Yurevich Lermontov ngokuzithemba elipheleleyo kubizwa ngokuba nombhali omkhulu Russian. italente yakhe enkulu akaninikanga ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo ukuba iveze elifutshane, kabuhlungu ubomi iyanqanyulwa. Inkoliso iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Lermontov kubandakanya ubungqina yingozi ebulalayo, ukusukela imbongi engcwabeni lakhe. Eseleyo emva kokufa umsebenzi wakhe uhlobo yesihobe, iprozi nedrama, owokuqala abhaliweyo kweminyaka elishumi elinamine, ukunika ufifi ezinkulu indlela elalahleka ngayo kule ncwadi lwangaphakathi kunye nehlabathi yingqondi.

Okubonakalisa yingqondi entsha

italente Extraordinary Lermontov yaziwa eluntwini-1837, emva kokuba umbongo abazahluleleyo Aleksandru Sergeevichu Pushkinu nokufa kwakhe sibi. Ukususela ngelo xesha, phantse akukho namnye umsebenzi osemqoka Lermontov ziphelele ngaphandle kokuchaza igama Pushkin, nabagxeki amaninzi aqalile ingqalelo imbongi oselula angene ezihlangwini zakhe.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kumngcwabo omnye ongasekhoyo buchopho Pushkin, umbhali kunye nani kawonke V. F. Odoevsky wathi ithemba: "! Sunset imibongo Russian" Kamva, la mazwi wabonakala obituary yakhe. Kubonakala ukuba akukho ngakumbi yaye akasoze inkosi yesibini amazwi afanayo Russian, njengoko kwaba Pushkin. Kodwa kungekudala kakhulu kwacaca ukuba akunjalo.

imibongo Luna Russian

Ukubonakala mbongo yeengxaki nomsindo ezibhalwe kancinane-xesha lesigodlo Mihailom Lermontovym, hayi nje sabangela ingqumbo phakathi kwizangqa enyangweni, kodwa wabonisa ukuba kolundi boncwadi kuthe ukukhanya entsha. Ukuba Pushkin ke ngesiquphe sunset imibongo Russian, ngoko endaweni oko Lermontov yaba inyanga nokunyuka. Xa olu thelekiso yimizekeliso kwiimbongi ezimbini angaka evakalayo ngaphezu kubonakala xa efika kuqala. umsebenzi Pushkin kaThixo, nokuba imibongo okanye iprowuzi, elirhweba kwelanga, lubonakale igolide eliqaqambileyo. Nangona imisebenzi Lermontov kaThixo ziveza ukukhanya kwayo ezizodwa, eqaqambileyo zimsulwa, uzaliswe angaqondakali, ubuhle eyimfihlakalo obuvela amanene zesilivere.

isikhundla Belinsky kwezibongo iprozi of Lermontov

Kuba bonke abafundi imbongi umdla ethile inokuba iingxelo zabantu olukhulu Lermontov. Bebuyile ikhonkco yokuqala abaseAfrika ethe ithunyelwe phezu mbongo kwi ukufa Pushkin, imbongi oselula uMikhail Lermontov waqalisa abafundi kunye nabagxeki eziliqela lwemibongo ezintsha kunye umbongo "Le demon" yaye "Mtsyri". Imisebenzi ababhali ezintsha bamkelwa ngezandla ezishushu nje uluntu ukufunda, kodwa amalungu abaziwayo ukuhlalutya uncwadi loo minyaka. Ingakumbi uluvo ophawulekayo Vissariona Grigorevicha Belinskogo, owayebizwa ngokuba "umlawuli iingqondo zabantu abatsha," phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX.

Le amazwi ezibaluleke ngakumbi Belinsky Lermontov, ukuba mhlalutyi edume ngowokuqala wabona italente zendalo engaqhelekanga wembongi abatsha. "Young italente enkulu Lermontov wafumana nje kuphela abantu abayithandayo bangi, kodwa iintshaba bungwanyalala, oko kukuthi iqashiso italente lokwenyaniso kuphela", - wayigxininisa Belinsky kwinqaku lakhe "Imihobe Mihaila Lermontova", epapashwe "Amanqaku iLizwe loobawo" phephancwadi ngowe-1840. Xa ngokutsha elinye mhlalutyi abanempembelelo waphawula amandla omkhulu ezinobuchule umbhali abaselula njengoko "yemifuniselo yokuqala Lermontov yokuqikelela ikamva yinto enkulu kakhulu." Ngaphezu koko, kufanele Belinsky uthi: "Talent hits Lermontov bengaqondanga abamangali nabani na akwaziqonda kubuhle."

umbhali Great kunye uyindoda eqotho

Xa imbalelwano 1839 Belinsky uthetha yancoma umbongo 'imithi yesundu ezintathu "kwaye iqaphela ukuba umbhali le mveliso -". Italente entsha enamandla " Belinsky wabhala ukuba imbongi oselula Russian "ubunewunewu" kwaye nkqu italente "emculweni" "apho axwile into enkulu." Ngaloo ndlela yekhasi nokugxininisa kwakhona iqondo eliphezulu italente uncwadi yi Lermontov, nto leyo ngokuthe ebonakalisiwe.

Emva kokufunda inoveli "uHero Ixesha yethu," Belinsky uthe akukho onenzondelelo ngaphantsi: "Isimbo kwinoveli - ukukhanya imibane, kuvuthelwa ikrele, ukuba saa kwi neeperile velvet! Eyona nto ifundiswayo kukuba kufutshane intliziyo wonk 'ubani acinga navakalelwa nje ... ukubona ukuba isivumo intliziyo yakhe. "

Nangona intlanganiso yokuqala kunye ezihlangwini umgxeki odumileyo Pushkin akuphumelelanga, ke, incoko yabo yesibini zobuqu kwakukho omhle. Belinsky yavuya nje kuphela ngemisebenzi Lermontov, kodwa kwakhona kwi ezithandwa lobugcisa kunye neembono yobomi wembongi. Ngokutsho G. Vissarion, Lermontov njengoko umntu 'epheleleyo kunye nohlobo olunabele kwiinkalo zonke ", kuyinto" umoya enzulu enamandla. " Ichaza ubuntu wembongi, lo mhlalutyi uthi ukuba "sele kuyavuyisa ukubona ibande, imbono yakhe wamqumbela ubomi kunye iimbewu abantu bokholo nzulu isidima zombini."

abantu edumileyo Lermontov

F. Bodenshtedt, omnye abaguquleli uMikhail Yurevich, wathi nangona "imbongi luluvo, wakwazi ngexesha elifanayo kuba zombini njongo 'kwaye ngoko' inento yokwenza ababhali omkhulu lonke ixesha, oko kuyinyaniso ukuba indalo ibonisa ixesha lakhe ngokuhle yawo yonke kunye ezizodwa obufana. "

UMikhail Lermontov waba yingqondi zoncwadi nje kuphela, kodwa ummeli eluntwini awayelilungu. Ngoko ke, okubaluleke ngakumbi isifundo kwelifa ezinobuchule iingxelo imbongi xa ezahlukeneyo zabantu olukhulu Lermontov. Ibangel 'umdla into yokuba ayizizo zonke la madoda wayeqhelene ngokusondeleyo kunye wembongi, kunye memoirs awayibhala emva kweminyaka emininzi emva kokufa kwakhe, njengoko ngobomi Lermontov kaThixo kwavalwa ukuhlola tsarist. Noko ke, imithombo ebhaliweyo ekhoyo evela odumileyo awayephila Lermontov kaThixo Ungafumana okuninzi izinto umdla kwaye ulwazi.

Ayaziwa kwakunye wesizwe Vissariona Belinskogo, kodwa azikho iingxelo ngaphantsi umdla malunga kwezinye iimbongi Lermontov, apho zifumaneka kule mihobe enikezelwe kuye, iileta owayephila, memoirs, amanqaku njalo njalo. D.

Apollon Grigoriev on Lermontov

Imbongi odumileyo, umguquleli kunye ekugxekeni zoncwadi kwinkulungwane XIX. Apollon Grigoriev wabhala ukuba uMikhail Lermontov, "ithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kwimbali yokubola wethu ngengqondo imbongi kunjalo isizukulwana usizi". Grigoriev yaphawula iintshukumisa olululo abaninzi yemibongo Lermontov kaThixo, ngenxa yokuba "ubuntu bafika imida kakhulu yoqhankqalazo lwabo." Ngokutsho ugxekwa, ochazwa kwindinyana umnqweno inguqu kunye nomoya nenkululeko zibe isizathu sokuba "inkcaso yokudodobala ... ngoko nangoko ndaqonda e Lermontov into enkulu, nto na."

ukuzinikela enkondlo

Iinkcazelo 'ezinkulu "," ingqibelelo "," enzulu "kunye iingxelo ezininzi malunga Lermontov. Ezinye iimbongi kwakhona kuphawula italente ukudala strong ngendlela engaqhelekanga, nto eveliswa ngemisebenzi Lermontov kaThixo. Yakhe "line, ngathi ikrele punch, into intliziyo wahamba" - spellbound ubanga imbongi kweSoviet nguva Jaroslav Smelyakov. "Xa olwalo uhlalutyo okokoko-bume engqonge Lermontov" akanakuze ngabandayo, "- utsho umseki Russian Umqondiso valeriy Bryusov siphawule iyantlukwano kwaye maxa wambi nkqu ziphikisana lyrics Lermontov kaThixo, waqhuba ukuba" ukususela iculo ... ukuze, xa athe wamtshabhisa ungxamile ".

UKonstantin Balmont malunga uMikhail Yuryevich

amava awodwa kunye nezimvo kwi Lermontov kwezinye iimbongi eboniswe imibongo emininzi yanikezelwa kuye. . Umzekelo, uKonstantin Balmont, imbongi adumileyo XIX kade - kwekhulu XX, azinikele memory of uMikhail Yurevich le migca ilandelayo:

Kulo mbongo efanayo Balmont uncoma iyavuma ukuba Lermontov "misebenzi bazimele", nkqu "ngokungenabuntu waba." iingxelo ezininzi malunga Lermontov kwezinye iimbongi, abanye babo ababephila ngexesha lakhe, kunye nabanye waphila emva kweshumi leminyaka, ngokuphelela kwazo zinika ukuqonda oko umoya onamandla, abhijelwe kwisihobe Lermontov kaThixo, unako ukumbopha zaphawula ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizukulwana.

Lermontov iikowuteshini, aphorisms, amazwi, amabinzana,

Lermontov Mihail Yurevich washiya ngasemva makhe engagqitywanga, kodwa ilifa lobugcisa. Uninzi imigca bakhe baye baba amazwi ezinamaphiko, epigraphs, kunye namagama abanye imisebenzi yoncwadi. Umzekelo, ibali Kataev ebizwa umgca kombongo Lermontov kaThixo "Lone White Sail".

Quotes ezivela iprozi ka uMikhail Yurevich

Imbongi odumileyo Russian Sivela amazwi ezilumko, luphindo kunye namazwi. Lermontov akwazi kunye nemisebenzi iprozi ukuvakalisa iingcinga zakhe bumbongorha. N. V. Gogol nakanye wathi, "Akukho mntu kodwa kwathiwa, sinalo ilungelo elinjalo, ezintle kunye iprozi aqholiweyo."

Quotes evela kwisihobe Lermontov

Imbongi ngokwakhe ngoko wathetha ngobuchule kwimibongo: "Ukuba imibongo akukho yindibaniselwano elula izandi, ke, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, likwimo kunayo apho ingqondo yomntu nga wobulawa." Zizo ezi ndinyana kunye wadala Mihail Yurevich Lermontov. Quotes, amazwi kunye aphorisms, leyo kangangeenkulungwane ezimbini ezidlulileyo, baqala umtya ezininzi imisebenzi yakhe, wabetha ubutyebi lolwimi ngqo izimvo.

Eyayingaqhelekanga imbongi

Izibakala kakhulu umdla malunga Lermontov kubandakanya ubungqina yingozi ebulalayo, bamlandela ukuya kwelabafileyo. Njengekhubalo uMikhail Yurevich wabonakaliswa ukuqiniseka ukuba ngaphezu zonke wazalelwa phantsi kwesiqalekiso. Abanye ababephila ngoko kukhokelela ukubalisa ibali, efana imini xa Lermontov wazalwa lwesigypsy kwangaphambili ukufa kwakhe eselula ingabi okuzenzekeleyo. imbongi bakhetha nje ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe owonithemba isiphelo ukuphosa imali, ukuba ixhalanga iya kunyothulwa - imfuneko ukuya webutho, kwaye ukuba nemisila - ithunyelwe ku Pyatigorsk ekhefini. Le ngqekembe yawa phezulu kwayo. Kwiiveki ezimbini kamva, Lermontov wabulawa Kungquzulwano kufuphi Pyatigorsk.

Okunye okunika umdla malunga mbongi - ukuba zonke elinesihlanu ebomini portraits kananjalo unika umfanekiso opheleleyo ngenkangeleko yakhe. Iinkcazelo koogxa bakhe, kakhulu, anqunyulwe ukohluka: abathile bhala ukuba Lermontov lunamehlo ezinkulu ibunzi ophezulu, kunye nabanye - bathi kanye, ukuba amehlo akhe amancinci emxinwa, kwaye ebunzi - phantsi.

Abaninzi ukungacaci efanayo kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokufa imbongi kaThixo, ngakumbi ubuntu bakhe. Yintoni esiya kuthi, misebenzi nakanye eziqhelekileyo zoncwadi akwazi ukunika impendulo ngqo kumbuzo oko Wayengumntu onjani uMikhail Lermontov. omnye kuphela idibane owayephila: bambalwa kakhulu abantu ukususela kwintlanganiso yokuqala, kuxhotyiswa kuye imbilini elungileyo, kuba zizisulu kwabo nohlobo enzulu imbongi ngokuqhelekileyo efihliweyo phantsi ngesebe iyintlekisa nokucacisa ububi.

Ekuphetheni

Lermontov Mihail Yurevich - "isizukulwana imbongi," njengoko wambiza Apollon Grigoriev. imibongo Bakhe iprozi ingakumbi wabhala esengqiqweni umfanekiso nangokwasengqondweni kulutsha ngexesha lakhe. Kodwa ke, le misebenzi ukuqina ngemisebenzi Lermontov kukuba bekhalisa uyinyaniso, yaye kwiinkulungwane kamva.

Isihobe kunye iprozi of Lermontov readers ikufutshane kangaka, njengoko abantu abaninzi bafumana bephantsi kweemeko zentlalo efanayo, kwawiswa iingxaki ezinzima yaye waya ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo efanayo. Noko ke, Lermontov kuphela balihlutha italente ngokwaneleyo ukugqithisa le sengqondo.