Imbali yaseMoscow: umqondiso we-capital yaseRashiya

Abahlali nje kuphela, kodwa akusiyo wonke umntu ohlala kwindlunkulu oyintloko oza kunika impendulo efanelekileyo kumbuzo malunga nento echazwe kwiingubo zeengxowa-mali zaseRashiya. Eyona nto, uya kukhumbuza ngomnye umkhwele ngomkhonto olwa neNyoka. Oku kufuna imbali yaseMoscow. Uphawu aluzange luvele ngokukhawuleza, lwaguqulwa ixesha elide, ludala isimboli esilungileyo sesixeko esikhulu.

Ngubani lo mkhwele?

Iingcali ze-heraldry zithandabuzeki ukuba kulo mkhosi umkhosi weemfazwe zesilivere ekhwele ihashe ayilona enye ngaphandle kweGeorge oyinqola. Umbethe iinqwelo zesilivere, ingubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phezulu, kwesandla sakhe sokunene ubamba umkhonto wegolide, ingqungquthela ehlaba emlonyeni weNyoka. Igama leSt. George luchazwe ngokucacileyo kwi "Imimiselo kwi-Emblem", eyamkelwa ngamagunya omkhulu ngo-1993. Akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ngawo.

Kwaye kwenzeka njani ingubo yeengalo zaseMoscow kwaye kutheni lo mntu eboniswa khona? Le mibuzo ingatholakala kwizantsi le nqaku.

Igosa leMfazwe

Isiseko bekuli bali elilandelayo, lichaza imfazwe ngokubanzi. Iqhawe elinobukroti lalikhwele ngehashe elilindele iNyoka phezu kolwandle olumnandi. Ngokukhawuleza, i-monster eyoyikekayo neyibiyo yavela emanzini kwaye ilungiselelwe ukuhlaselwa. Umlomo wakhe ogqithiseleyo uphuma umlambo welangatye, kutheni ihashe, eyoyika, imile kwimilenze yayo. Kodwa umgibeli akazange alahlekelwe yintloko. Isandla sasekhohlo sagxininisa kumlawuli, umhlobo olwa naye wagxotha; Ukunene-uqonde ngokucacileyo umkhonto apho i-shaft iphelile khona.

Ngentshukumo yokuthungatha, umlwa-mkhosi wathumela isikhali esichaphazelayo kwiNyoka, kunye nesicatshulwa sesiliva esingafihliyo sangena emlonyeni we-monster. Inyoka yabhalwa ebudeni bokufa phantsi kweentonga zehashe, ubomi buba buhlungu kuye. Ingacingelwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ingubo yeengalo zedolophu yaseMoscow ibonakala ingekho kwesizathu kule fomu.

Umphathiswa wemicimbi yezempi

Kwangexesha elide amaKristu ahlonipha iSt George. Wayexhaphaza bonke abantu, ingakumbi abo bazinikele kwimicimbi yempi, amaqhawe, kunye nabazingeli nabahambi.

Akumangalisi ukuba kwinkulungwane ye-10, xa ubuKristu bomeleza isikhundla sawo eRashiya, nguloo mmeli we-Christian pantheon owaye wathandwa ngabantu abazingeli nabasemagorha. Indoda yaseCaucasia eyaziqhenyayo yayingakwazi ukukhupha i-cap-swank yakhe entloko kuphela xa ibona umfanekiso weSt. George. Abase-Ossetians, abathi bangamaKristu, ngexesha lomthendeleko bazinikezela ubuncinci bodwa kwiSt. George, becinga ukuba bayamthanda.

EBhayibhileni kukho intetho yomkhosi wasePalestina ogama linguGeorgi, owathi, ukuze alondoloze ubomi be-Ai inkosikazi, wabulala i-ogre-dragon. Kodwa kwabonakala njani ingubo yeMoscow? Umkhweli nomlindi ufanise ngaphantsi komkhonto?

I-monster ibonakalisa ububi

Umxholo omdala waseRashiya uxelela noGeorge, owambulala ngenkemba yeNyoka. Ngombulelo ngenxa yokungabi nokwesaba ukudliwa yi-monster, abakhonza izithixo baseGuevala bakholelwa kuKristu.

Kunokwenzeka ukuba ungene kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo kwimbali yase-Indo-Yurophu. Umlingiswa wakhe - umlindi u-Indra, owayengunkulunkulu, wonakalisa inyoka. Ngenxa yoko, uluntu lufikelela kumanzi asezulwini. Ngenyoka, amanani amanqaku ahlukeneyo alwela ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo:

• Thisus, iqhawe lama-ancient myths yamaGrike.
• U-Perun, unqulo lobuhedeni lobuSlavic. Ngomfanekiso wendlovu, iVeles, umlawuli we-underworld, imelwe.
• I-Bogatyrs Alyosha Popovich noDobrynya Nikitich batshitshise inyoka.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, inyoka evela kwiSlav yakudala yayidibene neentshaba, ezazivame ukuza eRussia ukusuka kwii-steppes. Ngoko ke, ingubo yeengalo zedolophu yaseMoscow yenziwe kule fomu.

Okokuqala kwakukho iimali

Kwakudala ngaphambi kokuba isikhulu okanye ingcwele malunga nesiqalo sesibhakabhaka esibomvu savunywa njengomqondiso waseMoscow, ubuso bakhe babeprinta ekuqaleni ngemali yeByzantium. INkosana yaseKyrov Yaroslav iNgqondi, eyayilawula ngekhulu le-11, yenza iimpawu kwaye yenza imali yeSt George. Bambalwa abantu abazi ngegama lesibini lekosana - u-Yuri (okanye uGeorge). Wamkela xa waba ngumKristu. Ngozuko loyingcwele, umthetheli wakha umzi waseTartu (nguYuryev), i-mongortery yaseNovgorod, ibandla laseSt. George eKiev. Ingubo yeengalo zaseMoscow yabonakala emva kwexesha elithile.

Kwiminyaka eminyaka elandelayo, ngokuqhelekileyo yaqhubeka ibonisa iimali zemfazwe-inyoka yomlawuli waseRashiya. Lo ngumkhulu-siseko osisiseko sexesha elizayo u- Yuri Dolgoruky, ophumelele kwiTeutonic Knights Alexander Nevsky, u-Ivan II, uBasil II. Ngokuba umfanekiso odwebileyo wenyoka engcwele eyinqoqo yanyulwa iFrolovskaya kwinqaba yaseKremlin.

Uphawu lweHeroki kwiingalo

Njengokuqala, xa umgibeli, olwa neNyoka, ejonge kwiingubo zeengqungquthela zaseMoscow kunye ne "All Russia", ixesha lokulawula u-Ivan III lunokuqwalaselwa. Kodwa, ngokukrakra ngokwaneleyo, ngesizathu esithile akukho mntu obizwa ngokuba yi "Moscow ezdtsa" St. Ngaphezu koko, nakwiimpawu zombuso zafakwa kwibele le -ukhozi ekhanda ezimbini. Kodwa nangona kunjalo inkcazo yeengubo zeMoscow yenziwe ngabantu abaninzi. Umfanekiso ufuzisele ukuba nayiphi na intshaba yaseRashiya iya kutshatyalaliswa.

NguPeter kuphela oxwebhu olukhethekileyo malunga neyeshumi leminyaka yeli-18 leminyaka, ekugqibeleni, wayekhathazeka ukunika igama elithile (iSt. George) kumkhweli odumileyo. Kuze kube phakathi kwekhulu le-19, uhlobo oluthile lukaPetrine lube luphawu lomkhulu waseRashiya. Ngokomyalelo kaMbusi uNiclas I ngo-1856, ukuyila kweengubo zeengalo kuye kwatshintshwa.

Emva kokuvunywa kwakhe, kwiminyaka engama-27 kamva wathola ifom elandelayo:

1. Endaweni yamaqabunga ama-oki , iintonga zavela.
2. Umkhosi, kunye nehashe, wasetyenziselwa ulwahlulo oluchaseneyo, njengoko kufunwa yimithetho yokumisela owamkelwa eNtshona Yurophu. Kwachazwa ngokulula. Iintonga zama-Middle Ages, iingqumbo zazihlala zikhona kwiikhoke. Ngexesha lokulwa, ikhuselo, njengomthetho, yayisesandleni sokhohlo. Ngoko ke, izilwanyana eziboniswayo (ibhere, iingonyama, njl.) Kufuneka zijonge kumhlaseli. Ingubo yaseMoscow yezandla ayizange ishintshe.
3. Isambatho ngoku sinemibala ebomvu.
4. Inamba, eyayiyimnyama, yayihlanganiswe ngegolide, kwaye amaphiko abe luhlaza.
5. Umbala wehashe ushintshile - ukususela kumhlophe wekhephu uye waba ngumthunzi wokuthutha.

AmaBolsheviks, afika emagunyeni ngenxa ye-Revolution ye-Oktobha ka-1917, awayekrazula yonke into eyayinxulumene nexesha elidlulileyo. Kuya kufana nesimo esifanayo. Ngo-1924, iMoscow yafumana isambatho esitsha sezandla. Abasemagunyeni abazange bafune ukushiya iingubo zangaphambili zezandla zaseMoscow, ezifanekisela ookumkani kunye namaqhawe.

Ngomnyaka ka-1993, uGeorge onqobayo "wabuyela" kwindawo yakhe yangaphambili, ngokuqinisekisile ukuba into enhle, kungekudala okanye kamva, kufuneka inqobe ububi. Uninzi luphikisa isilwanyana kwisambatho seMoscow sichazwa. Injoka iyimvelaphi, ngoko ke sinquma ukuyeka inyoka, ezama ukumnyama eMlandland. Kodwa abakhuseli bahlala betshabalalisa isinyabi sinyulu.