Imimiselo zomthetho kunye nolawulo

imithetho lolawulo umyalelo karhulumente anegunya (kunyanzelekile). Baya ndibopha yaye umbutho kwesakhiwo. Ukusetyenziswa komthetho yolawulo libonelela ngolawulo leendibano zentlalo ngesimilo yolawulo. Ezi buhlobo eqalisiweyo kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi yoluntu.

imimiselo zomthetho kunye nolawulo eziliqela iimpawu. Ngoko ke, yonke imimiselo echaphazelekayo zithathwa ukuba uhlobo amalungiselelo omthetho. Ngenxa into ulawulo ngokusetyenziswa komthetho lolawulo iintlobano ezithile zolawulo. indawo echazwe ziyintoni kuthetha yentetho (ukuphunyezwa) yomdla woluntu kwinkalo yolawulo loluntu.

nemigaqo omthetho kwakunye yolawulo iya kuzinza ngamaqumrhu abagunyazisiweyo karhulumente, ii-ofisi urhulumente wengingqi, ulawulo imibutho, amaziko kunye nosomashishini.

Imimiselo ekuthethwa ziyabandakanywa isakhiwo ngezenzo zomthetho, sanikwa amandla omthetho ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zenzo ziquka, umzekelo, imithetho, imimiselo.

Yonke imithetho yolawulo ime ngokumelwa-ezibophelelayo, kodwa amanyathelo ezizodwa yesinyanzelo karhulumente. Injongo yokudalwa la malungiselelo - ukugcina inkqubo zolawulo eziyimfuneko. Ezinye iintlobo zomthetho zolawulo kusetyenziswa ukulawula ehlangana nabantu ukuba umbandela kwamanye amacandelo zomthetho (esingqongileyo, umhlaba, imali, abasebenzi, njalo njalo).

Ubume zithuba ayikhumbule isakhiwo yangaphakathi, izinto ezintsonkothileyo iqhagamshele enengqondo. Amacandelo imithetho yolawulo kunye zomthetho ziquka:

1. Hypothesis. Le nxalenye ibhekisa iimeko apho luqale ukusebenza isikhundla (normal).
2. Sengqondo. Eli candelo liqulathe imithetho engqalileyo nxaxheba ulawulo (kwangaphambili) ukuziphatha.
3. Isohlwayo. Le element ikhankanya imiphumo oko kuvela waphula umthetho ngazo.

Phakathi iintlobo eziphambili komthetho yolawulo ziphawulwe:

1. Ukungqinelana kwisifundo ngokwemigaqo: substantive and procedural. Kwimeko yokuqala, amalungiselelo ukugxininisa ubume ngokusemthethweni ubudlelwane kunye nolawulo ngqo nokulawula kuzo. nemigaqo yeenkqubo lichaza indlela kunye neemeko ukubonwa amalungiselelo substantive.
2. Ngokuhambelana kunye nemisebenzi: zolawulo, zokhuselo. imigangatho Regulatory elawula HIV (Injongo) ulawulo intsebenziswano. amalungiselelo zothintelo enxulumene zokuzikhusela kuqiniswe.
3. Ngokuhambelana kunye indlela ummiselo osemthethweni: linegunya, Indawo yesalathisi, efihlakeleyo, yenkuthazo. imithetho olugunyazisiweyo ziquka iimfuno categorical, iimfuno ezinxulumene ngumfuziselo yokuziphatha ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lolawulo. amalungiselelo efihlakeleyo zinika ukuziphatha enyuliweyo, ngokutsho enye yezomthetho thaca. imithetho Icebiso uchaze kuqhuba kakhulu efanelekileyo (ezisebenzayo) indlela yokusombulula le okanye loo ngxaki. imigaqo Inkuthazo ziquka amanyathelo ekhuthazayo isicelo unxibelelwano lwe-nxaxheba kwimeko yezenzo babhetele.
4. Ukungqinelana okuqulethwe imimiselo: ithintele ezifuna, ayinikele amalungelo. Eyokuqala iqulethe izithintelo zomthetho malunga nokusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi ethile kwinkalo yolawulo loluntu. Kudityaniswa amalungiselelo esisigxina nezibophelelo ubudlelwane amaqela ukumisela ukuziphatha ezithile. Iqela yokugqibela kuquka norms anikeza amalungelo luluvo Uthethathethwano amaqela. Ngaloo ndlela ichazwe ithuba lomntu ukwenza imisebenzi ngokwengqiqo yalo ngaphakathi sikhokelo wabeka phantsi iimfuno.