"Imiphefumlo Abafileyo": umfanekiso Nozdryov

Kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane XIX, ababhali abaninzi enabakhokelela umsebenzi wakhe indima enkulu Russian umxholo. Ngelo xesha ke walawula nguzwilakhe abangcangcazelisi abaqeshisi kunye bureaucrats, kwaye nobomi abalimi ukuba isimo enzima. Life of serfdom eRashiya lwabonakala imisebenzi emininzi. Omnye wabo inoveli, umbongo, apho wabhala N. V. Gogol, "Imiphefumlo Abafileyo". Nozdryov umfanekiso, kwakunye Chichikov Manilow kunye nabanye abalinganiswa, eliqaqambileyo kakhulu kwaye icacisa enxulumene wihi onke amalungu begazi ixesha. Umbhali emsebenzini wakhe, wazama ukubonisa ukuba umfundi walawula ngelixa okubi ngandlela zonke.

Jikelele mood Russia ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX

ke inkqubo karhulumente Domestic iyaphuhliswa kugxininiswa serfdom. nkoka swinene yokuziphatha ziye layibhala kwindawo yesibini, kwaye ephambili imeko yentlalo kunye nemali. Abantu musani bazolulela kwelona lilungileyo, ukuba akanamdla akukho nenzululwazi okanye ubugcisa. Zaka Abazange bashiye ngenene akukho lemveli lenkcubeko. Ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yayo - ubutyebi - loo mntu akayeki nto. Yena uya cheat, undilalanise, benawo, athengise. Le meko ayikwazanga ukunceda kodwa nexhala ngabantu ukucinga, abo bakude akakukhathalele bayahlelwa iLizwe loobawo wayekhona.

Abameli basebukhosini kwimveliso

Igama "Imiphefumlo Abafileyo" uyonyulwa ngumbhali ayikho ngengozi. Kuyinto yokomfuziselo kakhulu kwaye ngokugqibeleleyo ibonakalisa isimo serfdom eRashiya. Umbhali akazange azisole Iipeyinti, ezibonisa gallery yabantu, ebonisa ukuhla ngokomoya esisongela labo. Ekuqaleni kwebali umfundi thaca Manilow - yokumisa mphuphi, imboni. Ukugqitywa uthotho eni indlela uEliya. Kwabonakala Ummeli yezikhulu njenge "iinyembezi xa uluntu". Xa imveliso "Imiphefumlo Abafileyo" umfanekiso Nozdryov livela malunga phakathi. Oku kunokubonwa ukuba ezinye uEliya, into Manilow.

iimpawu Nozdryov

Kuba ixesha lokuqala umsebenzi uyavela NN. Umfundi akukho nto ukhetheke ngayo akazi ngaphandle ukuba ikhadi ezicacileyo. sakhe sonke ukuba ngandlel 'etyeni: oko etyeni, bethetha ububhanxa, ayicingi imiphumo amazwi akhe. Umbhali, obonisa umfanekiso Nozdryov, uthetha ngaye njenge "guy sprightly." Enyanisweni, oku kuyinyaniso, yaye bonke hero intshukumo agxininisa ngayo. Nozdryov zisetyenziselwa ukuhlala kuba mzuzu, engazikhathazi kangako kwixesha elizayo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, ngokuphumelela kwi amakhadi washiya phezu izinto ezingeyomfuneko ngokupheleleyo yaye izinto walahlekelwa ngosuku olulandelayo omnye, abadlali ngempumelelo ngakumbi. Konke oku, ngokutsho Gogol ngokwakhe, waye ngenxa oluthile briskness, smartness kunye Mzoli hero. Oku "amandla" yenza Nozdryov enze ezinye izenzo, eyona ngokungakhathali kunye ezizenzekelayo.

imikhuba hero

Yonke into ekhoyo ku Nozdryov - izinja nemvelaphi yakhe, namahashe, - konke ukutyeba. Kodwa hero alugwagwisi rhoqo sizathu. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ubunini nomda wayo ihlathi langaphandle, uthetha ngayo bakhe. Ebonisa umfanekiso Nozdryov ndawo, ndingasathethi zonke iimeko etyeni apho yena wazifumana. imveliso yalo kwiNdibano Noble, yena inxaxheba ekulweni. Enye iimpawu olwahlula ubuntu kuyinto wayeka ukwenza izinto ezingcolileyo ebantwini. Kwaye okukhona basondele indoda leyo, eyomeleleyo yaba umnqweno ekukruqulayo. Nozdryov komshado ukuze Iyandikhathaza kwaye iintengiselwano zorhwebo. Noko ke, waqonda izenzo zakhe seqhenqa, hayi bewagqala ekhubekisayo. Ngaphezu koko, nkqu Nozdryov bamangaliswa ngokwenene xa weva ukuba umntu kwabazana engakuthandi kuyo.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili zale hero

Nozdryov etyhila ndlela, umbhali ubonisa ubukrwada ngendlela ethile lobuxoki-lukhuni. imvelaphi yayo ingalandwa kwi zikwenza kubonakale ngathi ka Aristophanes kunye Plautus. Noko ke, inkoliso nomlinganiswa kunye Russian ubudala ubudala, kuzwelonke. Eyona eziphambili zobuntu Nozdryov basaqhayisa chutzpah wayevuma ukuba ukunxila, Ukungaqiniseki, amandla. Njengoko kumanqaku umbhali, abantu beso isitampu, njengokuba umthetho, "ngokungakhathali, nengxolo yabo, nabakhohlisi," yaye ebusweni babo ungasoloko ukubona into elungileyo, ukucima, sivulele. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, bathanda ukuba ukuthatha indawo yokuhamba kwaye ungumdlali ukufunda. Bona luphawulwa zizwana, zihlangene yozingiso. Ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala ukuba ubuhlobo kunye nabo nobuhlala ixesha elide kakhulu, kodwa "abahlobo abatsha" abantu abanjalo zingakwazi ukulwa emthendelekweni ngaloo ngokuhlwa.

Contrast kwi umlinganiswa ngaphakathi langaphandle

Inkcazelo umfanekiso Nozdryov ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukudlala uTshawe, umbhali akamcongi akukho ndlela zobugcisa. umzobo ezibonisa ubuntu. Ngokwangaphandle, lo mntu ukuphakama medium, nasesithupheni isongwe, kunye, izidlele ngokupheleleyo, amazinyo oyingqombo njengekhephu-ezimhlophe kunye intshebe nentlaka ngayo. Kwaba fresh, indoda ophile, ngubani waba amandla emzimbeni. Xa isiqephu mbongo umfundi ukulandelela isithethe ubuqhawe Russian. Noko ke, umfanekiso Nozdryov - obonisa le mibala ahlekisayo enkulukazi. Umahluko of iimpawu zayo zangaphakathi nangaphandle ngokuthe kakhulu. Yokuphila Nozdryov Siphambene amaqhawe amanyathelo yeqhawe ngqo. Yonke into eyenza umlinganiswa mbongo akwenzi ngqiqo, yaye "bafeze 'yakhe phantsi ukulwa ngakumbi ikhadi kwi uNonzwakazi okanye uyajola. Image Nozdryov ngeqhawe ibonisa njengalowa "ebanzi-abantliziyo", "cima uzinkcinkca" - iimpawu Russian yemveli. yonke Imbonakalo lomlinganiswa - ke ukubonakala nje "inkululeko" wesizwe ngendlela elungileyo. Hero kuphela abakwazi ukufumana i "ububanzi umphefumlo", kodwa ubonisa iimpawu malungana ngokupheleleyo. Nozdryov - inxila kunye osileyo lixoki. Noko ke, yena bubugwala noyisingela yanto.

farm yekharakhtha

Obonisa landscape langoku kwi isiqephu kotyelelo Nozdryov Chichikov, amanqaku umbhali umkhosi sifo. ifama yakhe kwakuba uphambene kakhulu yawa ngokupheleleyo azisalungiseki. Oku, kwakhona, kubonisa ukunqongophala umyalelo size sicinge Nozdryov indlela yobomi. Xa ezibayeni yakhe ezinzileyo baba engenanto, baleka ekhaya, kwaba ngumbhodamo. Indawo kuphela zigcinwe ngendlela efanelekileyo, uye kwindlu yenja. Wabuqonda mhlaba njenge "utata wekhaya." Ngokutsho abanye abagxeki, uTshawe ngokwakhe Kuthi yinja: ayikwazi ngaxeshanye ukuze ixolo snuggle. Ukuba Neempawu Nozdryov kuyabonakala ngaphakathi endlwini. Ngowe-ofisi yakhe alinayo nayiphi na amaphepha okanye iincwadi. Noko ke, iindonga kuxhonywe kunye FOUND, afohlela, ngezinkempe kunye nemibhobho ezahlukeneyo Turkish. Yokomfuziselo embindini organ umphanda. Kwesi sifundo kukho umbhobho, nto leyo akafuni ukuhlala phantsi. Eli solotya yaba uphawu yohlobo umlinganiswa. Ibonisa esisuka amandla, iveze kunye glibness hero.

ukuziphatha Nozdryov

ubhalo eNamandla kunyusa ukuba okuxhaphaza ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukuba notyekelo ukuba isikipa yonke anayo, ngexesha yokutshintsha into enye. Wabonakala hero imali ngoko ichitha kwi mboniso, ukuthenga zonke iintlobo ngokupheleleyo izinto ezingeyomfuneko: ifi amakhandlela, okubamba, imipu, neembiza, icuba, ezomileyo, nangaphezulu. Ke zonke izinto ezithengiweyo ekhaya dovozit ezinqabileyo, njengoko ngemini, uya kuphulukana. Nangona ukuphazamiseka ubomi bakhe bonke, Nozdryov ubonisa ayimangalisi kuye ngokulandelelana intengiselwano kunye Chichikov. Umnini-mhlaba izama ukuthengisa yonke into: inja, ihashe, umphanda omzimba. Emva Nozdryov uchola umdlalo Checkers, kwanaleyo kwananwe ngayo chaise. Kodwa Chichikov uthi esayinwe yaye akafuni ukuba badlale. Original nezindlela Nozdryov. ezindebeni zakhe imimoya, ezahlukeneyo kumafa, wathi ngezwi, ngokufuthi ekhala. Kodwa umfanekiso Nozdryov static ngokwemiqathango oko ezinqabileyo umfundi sele a full-epheleleyo. Imvelaphi Iqhawe lavalwa, kwaye ngethuba ibali zomlinganiswa akwenzi naluphi na utshintsho zangaphakathi.

isiphelo

Gogol lithi Nozdryov, wadala umlinganiswa enemibala kalula. Hero - esiveza endandiyenza, scorcher, chatterbox, umphikisi, reveler benza unothanda. Akazange engqondweni ndisele yaye uyakuthanda ukudlala. Noko ke, nangona zonke "imifuziselo", ezinye iinkcukacha kunye nezinto bengapha umlinganiswa ngamnye sobuntu. Zonke ibali elibaliswayo kwakugcwele isixa esibonakalayo ezihlekisayo. Noko ke, lo msebenzi ubonisa abalinganiswa, isimo sabo, ngembeko, izenzo kunye nokuziphatha, ebonisa ingxaki enkulu ngokufanelekileyo ngelo xesha - ukungabi yokuziphatha kunye ngokomoya. umbongo yamaRoma Gogol - yi "Ukuhleka ngokusebenzisa iinyembezi". Umbhali uye wadala umsebenzi, iviswa umbuzo wokuba yintoni eza kwenzeka eRashiya kwixesha elizayo, xa abantu bazohlwaye ningaqali ukutshintsha.