Incwadi ebomvu zehlabathi. Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana "Red Book"

Ukuncipha kumanani kweentlobo ezithile zezityalo nezilwanyana on Earth apho kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela. Ukufaneleka kwalo mba, kwaye namhlanje khange ube ngaphantsi.

IUCN

Imibuzo malunga ukhuseleko izilwanyana kunye nezityalo ibiphakanyiswe ngabahlali ngamazwe ngenkulungwane XIX, kodwa umbutho yokuqala ukujongana kakhulu ingxaki, wamiswa de-1948. Uye igama i-International Union for Conservation of Nature kwaye Natural Resources (IUCN).

Xa umbutho ibisekwe phezu ezinqabileyo ziintlobo ezisengozini yeKhomishoni. Injongo yeKhomishoni ngaloo mihla ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga izilwanyana kunye nezityalo ezisemngciphekweni wokuphela.

kwiminyaka eli-15 kamva, ngowe-1963, nokucwangciswa uluhlu lokuqala lweentlobo ezinjalo sapapashwa. "I-Red Book of Facts" - yaba igama kolu luhlu. ncwadi Kamva igama, kwaye uluhlu ubizwa ngokuba "I-Red Book wehlabathi."

Izizathu ukunciphisa inani lezityalo nezilwanyana

Izizathu leyo yakhokelela ekuncitshisweni kwiintlobo enezityalo nezilwanyana, iintlobo. Kodwa enxulumene kakhulu nemisebenzi yabantu okanye ukuphazamiseka eyokungabi ubomi wendalo.

Isizathu oluqhelekilyo ukwehla kweentlobo zasendle yokubulawa omkhulu zezilwanyana ngexesha ukuzingela, ukuloba, ukutshatyalaliswa iindlwane zamaqanda, ukuqokelela izityalo. Sithetha malunga intshabalalo ekhawulezileyo lweentlobo.

Enye, akukho sizathu ngaphantsi eqhelekileyo ukunciphisa inani lezilwanyana zasendle nezityalo planethi akazalani ukwalathisa kumonakalisa. Apha kufuneka ukuba athi malunga nokutshatyalaliswa zokuhlala: ukulinywa komhlaba ongazange ulinywe ngaphambili, ukwakhiwa kwizitishi lombane kunye namachibi, kwamahlathi.

Kukho izinto zendalo eziphembelela ukuncitshiswa okanye zanyamalala kweentlobo zasendle - ukutshintsha kwemozulu on Earth. Umzekelo, relict nengabangaba namhlanje uhlala kuphela kwezinye namachibi eMongolia, China, Kazakhstan kunye kwiNgingqi Chita. Inani Uhlobo amawaka 10 ngabantu, kwaye inani lezibini yokuzalela yahluka ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya komnye ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu. "I-Red Book of the World" enye amaphepha ayo eyisingela le ntaka enqabileyo. Kodwa kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, xa iindawo zale mihla yokuhlala yayo ibe ulwandle olukhulu elizweni, nengabangaba relict, ngokutsho izazinzulu, baba ikuyo, kodwa inani sawo lisengozini.

ngamanyathelo yokhuseleko zasendle

Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana "Red Book" wamenza umntu, hayi nje ukuqonda oonobangela yokuduka kwabo ebusweni eMhlabeni, kodwa ukuphuhlisa iseti amanyathelo ejolise zokonga asendle.

Namhlanje kucacile ukuba ukuze ukubuyisela abemi ezinye iintlobo kufuneka kuphela ukuthintela ukuzingela okanye indibano. Ukugcina ezinye izilwanyana ezinqabileyo kunye nezityalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudala iimeko ezizodwa ukuhlala kwabo. Kulo mzekelo, nawuphi na umsebenzi kwezoqoqosho kule ndawo kufuneka kuthintelwe.

Iintlobo esengozini wokutshabalala, umntu uzama ukuba asindise ezizalayo ngumntu ezikwiindawo zokukhulisa ezizodwa ukudala zonke iimeko kakuhle yobukho.

"I-Red Book of Woxolo" kuthunyelwa ezidweliswe izilwanyana zakhe page kunye nezityalo izigaba. Ukuze wenze oku, athathele ingqalelo imeko yangoku iintlobo, susceptibility kwabo ubungakanani unciphiso okanye ukunyamalala.

Isigaba sokuqala kweentlobo

Amaphepha le ncwadi, leyo ezidweliswe iintlobo kudidi lokuqala zezona eziphazamisayo. Apha it bhalisa zasendle ezisengozini. Ukuba abantu akafuni ngokukhawuleza athathe amanyathelo awodwa, akayi kuba kunokwenzeka ukophula ezi izilwanyana nezityalo.

Isigaba sesibini

La maphepha ziqulathe uluhlu izinto eziphilileyo emhlabeni, inombolo yakhe nangoku mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa kukho inkqubo yokunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe. Izazinzulu baqinisekile ukuba xa ngaba uthathe inyathelo, ngoko ezi ntlobo ukuze abulawe.

Udidi lwesithathu izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

"I-Red Book of Woxolo" Abeka uluhlu lweentlobo ezikhoyo namhlanje hayi usengozini, kodwa inani labo amancinane kwaye bahlala kwiindawo ezincinane. Ngoko ke, naluphi na utshintsho kwimeko-bume, apho athiwe saa, uyakwazi kuquka iziphumo engalindelekanga.

Izityalo asemngciphekweni kunye nezilwanyana abahlala kwiziqithi ezincinane. Umzekelo, i-Komodo esweni norhoqotyeni uhlale iziqithi zeMpuma Indonesia. Naziphi na izenzo kakubi-ingqalelo yomntu okanye iziganeko zendalo (izikhukula, mlilo) kungakhokelela ekubeni ekutshabalaleni kweentlobo kwixesha elifutshane kakhulu ixesha.

Isigaba sesine

Nangona inzululwazi namhlanje ihamba phambili iyachuma ehlabathini kusekho abameli enezityalo nezilwanyana ukuba ziye zahlolwa kancinane. Bona zinikiwe kumaphepha "Red Book" kudidi yesine.

Ngesizathu esithile, izazinzulu baxhalabile malunga nenani yezi ntlobo, kodwa ngenxa yokunqongophala ulwazi lokuhlela zibe ngokweendidi ezahlukileyo zezityalo nezilwanyana "uluhlu alarm" ayikho kodwa kunokwenzeka.

amakhasi eziluhlaza

Udidi sesihlanu iintlobo zezilwanyana nezityalo ise kumaphepha eluhlaza. Eli phepha okhethekileyo. Ezi zezinto zikwazile ukuphepha izoyikiso yokutshabalala. Inani ibuyiselwe zizenzo zabantu. Ukususela kwamaphepha "Red Book" iintlobo ezi Abameli isuswe ngezizathu ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo zorhwebo kuyathintelwa.

"Incwadi Red zehlabathi." izityalo

Xa Kolushicilelo "panic" le ncwadi, ezinxulumene ukuya ku-1996, ichaza ukuba amawaka-34 eentlobo zezityalo, ezo zisemngciphekweni wokuphela. Phantsi ukhuseleko wakhe wathabatha umbutho kawonke-IUCN kunye "Red Book".

Ihlabathi izityalo rhoqo uba lixhoba ubuhle. Abantu ancome izityalo ukohluka kwanolungiso baqale mindlessly atshabalalise isityalo ukuba isipha seentyatyambo. Hayi indima yokugqibela kule meko kwaye banomnqweno inzuzo. Injalo bayahlelwa Alpine edelweiss, intsimbi Ossetian, kwabakwaNarkiso.

Kukho ezininzi izityalo eziye abachatshazelwa zizenzo zabantu kunye nongcoliseko. Ezi ziquka amahle, chestnuts amanzi, yew, ezinye iintlobo pine kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Animals 'Red Book of Peace "

Ngokutsho kwe International Union for Conservation of Nature, ngoku adinga ukhuseleko malunga 5.5 amawaka iintlobo zezilwanyana.

Yokunika imbeko shofar okanye ukwanelisa iimfuno zakwantu zabantu lihlasela ubomi zasendle, isenza umonakalo noqhekeko. Uluhlu izilwanyana ezichaphazelekayo ngenxa yesi sizathu, ngendlela emangalisayo enkulu: yaseYurophu pearl Oyster, intulo omkhulu, muskrat, zeGalapagos ufudo omkhulu, zaseAsiya Lion kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi.

IUCN na umbutho kawonke-wonke, kunye nezigqibo zayo akukho ezibophelelayo, ngoko ulawulo lisebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye noorhulumente, ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa ezo ziphakamiso, nto leyo eya kukunceda ukulondoloza ubomi emhlabeni.