Ingakanani umama ongenamzali onokufumana ukuxhasa umntwana? Iintlobo zeentlawulo kunye neenzuzo

Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu baseRashiya abazi malunga namalungelo abo kunye neenzuzo. Ngoko ke, abaninzi abasetyhini abaqapheli ukuba banesimo soomama abangatshatanga. Kwaye ngoko banako ukukrokra ukuba banelungelo naziphi na izibonelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kubaluleke kakhulu "ukunyanzeliswa kweemali" kunye neerisithi zemali zenyanga. Ngoko, unomama ongatshatangayo unokufumana ubuncinane kangakanani ukuxhasa umntwana?

Ngubani

Oomama abangabodwa bayabandakanya abafazi abanabantwana abangenalo irekhodi yesibini kwisatifikethi sokuzalwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, oku kukuchazwa ngokubanzi, kwesinye, kuzisa ukudideka. Kubalulekile ukwazi kakuhle ngubani oza kule nkcazo, ngaphambi kokuba abuze umbuzo: "Uninzi kangakanani umama ongenamzali ukuxhasa umntwana?"

• Abafazi abazalela umntwana ngaphandle komtshato. Kule meko, ubuntano abuzange bubekwe kwimeko efanelekileyo.
• Ukuba umzali uphikisana emva kokutshatyalaliswa komtshato kwisithuba esingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-300. Kwaye kulo mzekelo, inkundla ithole ukuba umlingane wangaphambili akanalo kumntwana.
• Ibhinqa elithatha umntwana okhulelweyo kwaye lingatshatanga.

Kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko, nokuba ngaba utata akahlawulelanga i-alimony kwaye ayithathi inxaxheba ekukhulisweni komntwana, isimo "somama ongatshatanga" asinakunikwa.

Ngubani ongasebenziyo

Sekunjalo, kufuneka siqonde ngakumbi malunga nalo mba, kuba ngokuqhelekileyo eli gama lixhomekeke ekuchazeni kakuhle. Isimo "somama ongatshatanga" asinikwe kwiimeko ezilandelayo.

• Ukuba umfazi uqhawule umtshato kwaye ufumana i-alimony.
• Ukuba uyise akahlawuli i-alimony emva komtshato.
• Ukuba iinyanga ezingaphantsi kwe-10 zidlulileyo ukusuka kwikhawulo yomtshato ukuya ekuzalweni komntwana. Kule meko, umlingane wangaphambili uya kubalwa kwisatifikethi sokuzalwa. Isigqibo seofisi zombhalisi sinzima nje enkundleni.
• Ibhinqa elingazange litshatile ngaphambili, kodwa ngubani okhupha umntwana onokuthi uyise uchongiwe kwaye idatha yakhe ifakiwe kwisatifikethi sokuzalwa. Akunandaba nokuba umntu uphila: kunye kunye nosapho okanye ngokwahlukileyo.

Iintlawulo

Ngoko, kunye nemo yonke into icacile. Ngoku sifanele sicinge ngolu xwebhu malunga naluphi uncedo lwezezimali uhulumeni aqinisekisa. Uluhlu olungezantsi ziinkonzo eziphambili zoluntu. Iintlawulo kumama abangatshatanga.

Inzuzo yeMaternity

Isixa sale ntlawulo sixhomekeke kubukhulu bomvuzo womama kwiminyaka emibili edluleyo. Ikhefu lokubeletha kufuneka lihlawulwe yintlangano apho ibhinqa lisebenza khona. Isixa senzuzo sinama-100% emvuzo.

Ukuba umvuzo wezabasebenzi ungaphantsi kobuncinci obuncinane, ngoko ke isibonelelo silingana nomvuzo omncinci. Intlawulo iya kubalwa ukuba ixesha le-inshorensi lingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu.

Ngamanye amazwi, ubuninzi bomama abangayitholiyo ngokugcinwa komntwana kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumvuzo wakhe.

I-EEV (inkokhelo yekheshi enye)

Ekuzalweni komntwana, urhulumente uhlawulela inani elithile kubaama-ovela kwiintsapho ezizalisekileyo kunye nabazali abangabodwa. Ngeli xesha le mali i-ruble 14,498. Le mali ihlawulelwa ngamnye umntwana ozelwe okanye owamkelweyo ngokwahlukileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba inani labo. Isicelo sokuhlawulwa kufuneka senziwe kwingxowa-mali yomshuwalense kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu ukusuka kwimeko yokubonakala komntwana.

Isibonelelo senyanga sokunyamekela komntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka kunye nesiqingatha iminyaka

Imali yentlawulo ibalwa ngokusekelwe kumyinge womvuzo wokugqibela iminyaka emi-2. Isixa somama ongenamzali omnye singama-40% omvuzo wenyanga. Oku akubandakanyi iintsuku umzali esichitha kwikhefu okanye kwikhefu lokugula, kuba ababasebenzi.

Ukuba ngaba abantwana ababini baneminyaka elifanayo kunye neyure kunye nesiqingatha bexesha baxeshanye, ke intlawulo ibalwa kumntwana ngamnye. Yaye ubungakanani babo buboniswe.

Umthamo weMaternity

Kuloo meko xa ibhinqa lodwa linyusa umntwana kwaye ligqiba ukuzala omnye, lihlawulelwa imali yokubeletha. Imali yabamama abangatshatanga banikwa kwiimeko ezifanayo kunye nemali efanayo kunye nosapho olupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuqokelela ipakethe yamaphepha, kwaye xa ufikelela kumntwana oneminyaka emithathu urhulumente uya kuhlawula imali efanelekileyo.

Kweminye imimandla, ukuhlawulwa okongezelelweyo kunye neenzuzo zentsapho zomzali ongabodwa zinikezelwa. Ziziphi iintlawulo kumama abangatshatanga zixhomekeke kwimeko nganye, kubalulekile ukucacisa kwi-arhente yokukhusela ezentlalo kwindawo yokuhlala.

Izinzuzo zabasebenzi

Ukongeza kwiintlawulo kunye neenzuzo, oomama abangatshatanga banelungelo lokufumana ezinye iintlawulo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi.

• Eli shishini alikwazi ukugxotha omnye umama unilaterally. Kwanokusebenza kwethotho lolwaphulo-mthetho okanye xa kungangqinelani nesimo esiphethwe. Okukuphela kokuphela kwekhontrakthi yengqesho ngokuvuma kwemvume okanye kwinqanaba lomqeshwa.
• Xa kwenzeka ukucinywa kombutho apho umama ongenamzali usebenza khona, umqeshi kufuneka anikezele ngomsebenzi kwenye indawo. Oko kukuthi, ukunakekelwa kwengqesho kuwela kumagxa omnini we shishini.
• Ukuthintela kumsebenzi ongaphezu kwexesha. Oomama abangabodwa abakwazi ukukhanga ngomsebenzi ongezelelweyo, ukuba umntwana akasekho iminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ngemvume ebhaliweyo kuphela.
• Awunako ukunyanzelisa nokusebenza ebusuku. Ukwenza oku, kuyafuneka ukuba loo ntokazi ibonise umnqweno.
• Ukuba umama ongenamzali uya esibhedlele ngenxa yomntwana, i-bulletin iyahlawulwa ngesantya se-100% yemyingenelo yenyanga.
• Ngaliphi na ixesha, umzali angaya eholide ngeendleko zakhe (ukuya kwiintsuku eziyi-14), kwaye ulawulo aluyi kuba nelungelo lokumkhahla.
• Ekusebenzeni kwakhona kukho amalungelo athile, ukuya ku-. Ubukho babantwana abuyi kuba sizathu sokwenqaba.

Uncedo loluntu

Urhulumente ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo uzama ukunceda iintsapho ezingapheliyo. Ngoko ke, umthetho awuboneleli nje kuphela uluntu. Iintlawulo kumama abangatshatanga, kodwa nakwezinye iindlela zokuncedisa.

• Ukubonelela okungaphezulu (okanye okuprayimari) kunye neendawo ezinabantwana beenkulisa.
• Ukutya okukhululekile kunikwa ezikolweni.
• Ngexesha lokulungiselela isikolo, iintsapho zinikezelwa ngeofisi. Abantwana banokubonelelwa ngeencwadi zemfundo.
• Ukuba i-polyclinic yomntwana inegumbi lokuxilisa, umntwana unelungelo lokumtyelela ngaphandle kwentlawulo.
• Abasetyhini banokufumana ukutya okukhululekileyo kwiikhizi lobisi xa umntwana engaseneminyaka engama-2 ubudala.
• Ngomntwana osanda kuzalwa, ilineni ekhululekile linokunikwa.
• Ukuba umntwana uye wabonisa umnqweno wokutyelela isikhungo esiqhutywe kwimfundo eyongezelelweyo (isitishi sabantu abatsha, ubugcisa, ezemidlalo, njl.), Ngoko unelungelo lokuphuhlisa i-30% yeendleko zeenkonzo.
• Ngomntwana oneminyaka engama-1.5 ubudala, akukho ntlawulo yokususwa kwenkunkuma yasekhaya.

Yiyo yonke into engathethwa ngayo malunga nokuba unina omnye umama ufumana njani ukuxhasa umntwana. Ubungakanani beentlawulo zihluke kakhulu kwizinto eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa umthetho unikezela inani elikhulu leenzuzo ezongezelelweyo.