Inkcazo, ingqiqo kunye nokwahlulwa kumaqela amancinci: itheyibhile

Wonke umntu, kungakhathaliseki ubudala zabo kunye nomsebenzi, iqulathe kumaqela amaninzi amancinci - intsapho, iklasi yesikolo, iqela ezemidlalo. ulwalamano ngamnye kunye namanye amalungu eqela idlala indima ephambili ebangela ukuba kusekwe ubuntu bakhe. Ngasezantsi.Intlobo ngeentlobo zendidi imibutho kubonisa ukuhlelwa amaqela amancinane. Psychology likubona kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo isifundo iimpawu kumaqela amancinci indima yabo kuluntu.

Yintoni iqela encinane

Ngokusekelwe kumaqela amancinane kunokwenzeka isifundo eneenkcukacha ngokunxulumene yomntu indawo yakhe, impembelelo oluntu kumalungu ayo. Ngoko ke, indawo ebalulekileyo kuphando lwezenhlalo wathabatha "iqela" ingqiqo "iqela elincinane", "amaqela yokuhlela." Isibakala sokuba uninzi lobomi bakhe umntu alichitha kumaqela amancinane ukuba abe nempembelelo enkulu ukuyilwa imilinganiselo yayo.

iqela Social - kunxulumano lwabantu ababandakanyekayo imisebenzi ezimanyeneyo inkqubo yobudlelwane nabanye abantu. loo maqela zihlelwa ngokobungakanani, okt inani labathathi-nxaxheba.

iqela elincinane - uluntu elincinane labantu ezinxulumene nemisebenzi edibeneyo kunxibelelwano ngqo kunye nabanye. A phawu yale komiti ukuba inani lamalungu ayidluli mabini, yaye ngenxa yokuba bakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokukhululekileyo kunye nabanye kwaye ukuseka i uxhulumaniso ngokweemvakalelo.

ubungqina

Kukho intaphane amalungiselelo, ubukho leyo kusenokubonisa ukuba umbutho liqela encinane:

• co-phambi kwabantu kwindawo enye ngexesha elithile;
• contact ngokweemvakalelo phakathi kwamalungu eqela, ubukho ubudlelwane ezinzile;
• imisebenzi Joint ejoliswe kwinjongo enye nefanayoa;
• ukwahlukana phakathi iindima zamalungu eqela;
• i ubume bombutho solawulo;
• ukuyilwa norms kunye nemilinganiselo yayo.

Ezi mpawu kunye nohlobo ubukho yazo ingqiqo kunye nokwahlulwa amaqela amancinci esekelwe. Ukumiselwa phakathi kwamalungu ngamnye yobuhlobo ngokweemvakalelo inokukhokelela sub-iibhloko kunye nesakhiwo lwangaphakathi.

types of association

Kukho izinto ezininzi malunga apho yokuhlela ukusekwa amaqela amancinane. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ibonisa iintlobo zemibutho encinane.

Indlela emi ngayo uxhulumaniso yangaphakathi

Ukuchaza kucalulo kumaqela amancinci ngokwasentlalweni, njengoko ngokohlobo ukwenzeka kwayo. Unxulumano ezisesikweni ziincutshe yaye ngokomthetho. imisebenzi yazo zilawulwa yi amaxwebhu ethile. Ulawulo iqela lwenzeka kwi "top-phantsi" kunye nobudlelwane nabanye amalungu ayo ezichazwe yi mbutho.

Amaqela sesikweni okungacwangciswanga ngokusekelwe abadlali uxhulumaniso ngokweemvakalelo. imiphakathi enjengaleyo akukho ibakala elisemthethweni, yaye umsebenzi wayo ngqo 'ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu. " Noko ke, nabo bakha ezinye norms and values ekwabelwana ngawo onke amalungu eqela kwaye imisela nokuziphatha kwabo. Ukuba inkokeli ngokusesikweni umbutho amagunya olusesikweni, qha esebenza ngokuqaphela abanye abathathi-nxaxheba.

abasebenzi Reference

Kwi umlinganiselo factor wahlaba umtyangapho wekhwelo lokumanywa umntu isekelwe yahlukile zokuhlela kwamaqela asekuhlaleni. iqela elincinane bulawula zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kakhulu ngabantu, ngokuba ireferensi (reference). ilungu leqela uhamba inkqubo imilinganiselo, kungenisa imigangatho efanelekileyo. Eli qela wohlulwe iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela ezimbini:

• Igqibelele. Umntu ongelilo ilungu yelizwe kwiqembu, kodwa ukuziphatha kwabo lukhokelwa imithetho yayo.
• UBukho Group. Yena lilungu eli qela nokuxabiseka ekwabelwana.

uluntu Small zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyilwa ubuntu babantu. Umntwana ubona imigangatho eyamkelwe entsatsheni naphakathi nabahlobo. Kule amaqela amancinane ezentlalo kwaye ibe nempembelelo engentle kummandla we ngamnye - ukucinezela iimpawu zakhe buqu (inhibition), ukunyanzelisa iminqweno ephosakeleyo.

Ukubaluleka kwezentlalo

imibutho Small ukudlala iindima ezahlukileyo eluntwini, ngokuxhomekeke iinqobo kunye neenjongo, apho landela iqela elincinane. Ukuhlelwa amaqela amancinane ngokusekelwe kwezi khrayitheriya kubaluleke yoluntu, busenza ukuba ubukho iindidi ezintathu Unxulumano: zentlalo-ebomini, anti-lwentlalo anti-nezentlalo. Ngako oko, bona badlala indima entle, cala kunye navumelanayo. Amaqela amancinci asekelwe eluntwini ziquka umbutho elinemveliso zemfundo, zentlalo,. Asazi ukwamkela abantu umbutho ezahlukeneyo zolwaphulo-mthetho, nto leyo ke sigcina igunya amalungu azo.

Leaders

Ulawulo luquka iqela lamanyathelo eziyimfuneko ukuze umbutho kwemisebenzi bombutho. Le ibandakanya kwezigqibo, ukumiselwa kweenjongo, izicwangciso zophuhliso, ulawulo, ulungelelaniso kunye njalo njalo. Kukho kudidi aqhelekileyo kumaqela amancinci ngokumalunga indlela yolawulo. Nika ezi ntlobo kunxibelelwano:

• ngaphantsi (phezulu);
• Ukulungelelanisa (inkqubo tye);
• reordinatsiya (ezantsi).

Umbutho ophumeleleyo lwemisebenzi isekelwe idibanise ezi migaqo, ukufumana iinketho kakhulu ekwakheni ubudlelwane zangaphakathi.

Intloko iqela

Iimpawu lombutho kumaqela amancinci kukuba ukwahlula yinkokeli. It is a lilungu lombutho, nto leyo inefuthe elinamandla ngemisebenzi yayo. Yena ohlonelwa kakuhle phakathi kwezinye abathathi-nxaxheba ngenxa yeempawu zazo, kwaye lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiqela yolawulo. Inkokeli msebenzi ngaphakathi kunye nonxibelelwano lwangaphandle. Inika inxaxheba kwamalungu eqela kwimisebenzi joint, usebenzisa ulawulo isigqibo. Kukho ukuhlelwa amaqela amancinane kususelwa kwinqanaba yokungenelela senkokeli kwimisebenzi yombutho ilungu ngalinye kwaye iqondo inxaxheba kulawulo ekuhlaleni. Le mibutho kakhulu yimpumelelo (zombini umfowunelwa kunye olusesikweni), ukuba kubekho ulungelelwano phakathi zimo ezimbini.

iindlela zokulawula

Ukuhlelwa lwakudala lokuba amaqela amancinane, kba isiseko lwamalungu ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokudibanisa ulawulo kuquka izithuba ezithathu kubonisiwe kule theyibhile ingezantsi.

Kukho kwakhona ithiyori X kunye uY Kwimeko yokuqala, indoda ekuqaleni uyakuphepha umsebenzi kwaye akhethe ukuba amsa. Theory Y luthatha ukuba ngamnye umgangatho ophezulu ukuzeyisa izimisele ubulungisa. Ngako oko, apha isicelo ezimbini indlela yolawulo ezahlukeneyo.

uxinzelelo band

Standards yamkelwa echibini, ibe nefuthe yokuphila lamalungu ayo ngalinye. Wonke umntu uqhelene olu lingelo, olwenziwa kunye neqela labantwana, apho nxaxheba kwangaphambili podgovorennye impendulo engalunganga lo mbuzo, yaye uvavanyo lokugqibela yaphinda amazwi oontanga babo. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba conformism. Ngokoluvo sisininzi samalungu iqela elincinane unalo uxinzelelo ngokwasengqondweni phezu ngamnye. Ephambene le nto isenokuba ukuzimela, okt geqe iinkqubo zabantu kwi uluvo bume.

Kule kudidi ebalulekileyo kumaqela amancinci ukuba yintoni indima edlala ukuba ngamnye. Le ngasentla uphawu indibaniselwano Reference, ngokuqina kuwe.

Formation kumaqela amancinci zentlalo

Wonke iqela iya kwizigaba ezininzi zophuhliso. Iisayikholojisti A. G. Stanford Roark yaphuhliswa imfundiso oluquka izigaba ezisixhenxe ukubunjwa kwamaqela asekuhlaleni. Uphononongo isekelwe imodeli factor-mbini, iqela yophuhliso, apho kukho ukuphikisana phakathi ishishini kunye nomsebenzi ngokweemvakalelo.

1. Lokuhlangana, kuqala uzama intsebenziswano nabanye abantu.
2. Yenza nemimiselo qela.
3. Inyathelo ingxabano.
4. Le ekuzinzeni, ukuvela ingqiqo umanyano.
5. Formation of Unity - bandisa umsebenzi ushishino, iinjongo ziphela ibekwe.
6. Ukubalasela ayisebenzi, kunye nobudlelwane nabanye amalungu ngamanye bombutho.
7. Actualization, ukulinganisela ishishini kunye nomsebenzi ngokweemvakalelo.

iindima zentlalo kwiqela elincinane

Kuba amalungu umbutho zinokudityaniswa ukuziphatha ezithile ezinxulumene nokusombulula iingxaki okanye unxibelelwano kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba. Iindima ziyabonakala omabini kwezoshishino kunye nomsebenzi emphefumlweni qela. Ngokomzekelo, xa inkqubo yokusombulula iingxaki "umqalisi" unika iingcamango ezintsha "umgxeki" uyakuxabisa umsebenzi iqela lonke kwaye ufumane ubuthathaka yayo. Iindima zivela kwisigaba weqela nabanye wobudlelwane. Ngenxa yoko, ngungqondongqondo iye luxhaswe ingcamango yokuba amanye amalungu, kwaye conciliator renounces iimbono zakhe ukulungisa iingxabano.