Inkomfa "Beech M2": iimpawu zobugcisa, ifoto

"I-Beech M2" yinkqubo yokulwa neenqwelo-moya ezichasene nehlabathi jikelele ezijoliswe ekukhuseleni iithagethi zomhlaba kunye nemikhosi ekuhlaselweni komoya, kubandakanywa nokukhusela iinqwelo zokuhamba. I-SAM iyaziwa kwi-indexing international njenge-9K317. Ngokwezigaba zaseMelika, ubunzima bukhethiweyo yi-SA-17 Grizzly okanye nje "Grizzly-17".

Imbali yendalo

Ekuqaleni, kwakukho ukuphikisana malunga nokuphuhliswa kweprojekthi ye-9K37 kuphela, kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo, iinjineli zempi zanikezelwa ukuguqulwa kwamandla amakhulu. Injongo yabo yayikukunqoba izinto ezi-24 ngelo xesha. Iprojekthi ethi "Beech M2" (ifoto yenkathazo ibonakala kule nqaku) yaqaliswa. Ngethuba lonyaka wokuqala wophuhliso, abaqambi baseRussia bakwazi ukuphumeza iziphumo ezimangalisayo. Inqwelo-moya yeF-15 eyayingenakukhutshwa yaba yinto elula ye-9K317, kwimizuzu engama-40. Uluhlu lokutshatyalaliswa kwemibhobho ye-cruise lenyuke ukuya kuma-26 km.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zenkxalabo kwakuyixesha lokuthunyelwa kwalo kunye nebhokhwe. Isalathisi sokuqala sasinemizuzu emi-5 kuphela, kwaye isantya somlilo - imizuzwana engama-4 kwi-shell ye-1 kwijubane ukuya kwi-1100 m / s. Inkathazo enjalo yathathwa ngokukhawuleza kwi-Arsenal yeSoviet Union. Nangona kunjalo, ukususela ekuqaleni kwee-1990, ukuveliswa kwemveliso kwaphela ngenxa yeemeko zobunzima kwilizwe emva kokuwa kwe-USSR. Ngomnyaka we-2008, i-ZRK yajoyina inqanaba lokukhusela komoya waseRussia.

Iimpawu zophuhliso

I-Complex "Buk M2" yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela umoya kunye nefuthe eliphakathi. Yenzelwe ukutshabalalisa iinqwelo-moya kunye neendlela zokulwa (iindiza, ii-helicopter, iinqwelo kunye nezinye iinqwelo ze-aerodynamic). 9K317 uyakwazi ukumelana nemikhosi yeentshaba, kunye nokuhlaselwa komlilo okuqhubekayo.

Umqhubi oyintloko womatshini wokutshitshiswa ngumqambi owaziwayo weSizwe soPhando lwezobunjineli zee-E. E. Pigin. Ngaphantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, i-SAM yafumana iprojekthi yokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo. Ngaphambili, ukuphuhliswa kwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kwakujoliswe ukuba kuthathe indawo yendawo engafanelekanga yokulwa nezixhobo zokulwa nezixhobo zomkhosi "iCube". Uhlobo oluphambili oluvela kwiBu M1 lubekwe ukufakwa kwe-missile entsha ye-9M317 kwi-BC.

Kwangexesha elide, imodeli ye-M2 yahlala ingatshintshi. Kwaye kuphela ngo-2008 ubunzima bephuculwe. Kancinci waqala ukuvela ukutshintshwa kwezinto zangaphandle kunye neleta "E" ekupheleni komgaqo-codification.

Impawu zobuchule kunye nobugcisa

Ubunzima beqela lokulwa lomatshini ngu-35.5 toni. Ngelo xesha abaqeqeshi banqunyelwe abantu aba-3. Ubunzima buhlanganiswe ne-anti-bullet armor. Ngokutsho kweTTX "Beech M2", kwindawo yokuqala, ihluke ngombane wenjini, eyi-710 hp. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuhamba ngesantya ukuya kwi-45 km / h kwiindawo ezinzima. Icandelo lokuthutha limelelwa ngumqhubi okanye umqhubi wesikhephe.

Ixhamle kwiimpawu ze "Beech M2" zezixhobo zokulwa. I-SAM inokutsha umlilo phantsi kokulawulwa kwabaqhubi kunye nokuzimela. Ngaloo ndlela, umyalelo weposi ngomzuzwana ulawula idatha kwiimeko zomoya ngxeshanye ngeenjongo ezingama-50. Ukufumanisa kunye nokuchongwa kwenziwa ngezitishi ezizodwa, i-RPN kunye ne-SDA.

Xa ixhotyiswe ngokupheleleyo, i-SAM inikeza ukukhwela kwexesha elilodwa kwezinto ezingama-24 ezindizayo ezinokuphakama ukusuka kwi-150 m ukuya kwi-25 km. Uluhlu lweentshabalalo ezijoliswe kwijubane ye-830 m / s lifikelela kuma-40 km, kwi-300 m / s - ukuya kuma-50 km. Iibhola kunye neenqwelo zokuhamba zihamba ngokukhawuleza kumgama wama-20,000 wamitha.

Enye yezinto eziphazamisayo zenkxalabo kukuchaneka kokudubula. Ubungakanani bokutshatyalaliswa kweenqwelo-moya ngu-95%, iibhola - 80%, ii-helicopter ezilula-40%. Ixesha lokuphendula le-SAM liyabonwa kwakhona - imizuzwana eyi-10 kuphela. Ukususela kwiindlela zokuzikhusela zingabonwa iifenetha ze-aerosol, iisensi ze-laser kunye nezikrini ze-irradiation.

Ukwabelana ngeenkcukacha phakathi kweziteshi ze-SAM kunikezwa ngemigca emibini yecingo okanye isignali yomsakazo.

Iinkalo zomonakalo ojoliswe kuyo

Inkqubo yezokukhusela emoyeni yeBu M2 inokunciphisa izinto ezindizayo ezinokuhamba ezihamba ngesivinini ukuya kwi-830 m / s. Nangona kunjalo, ngokweengcali, i-index ephezulu yemonakalo i-420 m / s. Ngokubhekiselele kumyinge osisigxina esivinini, uhluka kwi-48-50 m / s. Iyunithi yokutshatyalaza inokutshabalalisa iibhola ezihamba ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwi-1200 m / s idibaniswe kumzekelo wamanje we-2008.

Uphawu olubalulekileyo ekuhlaselweni kukubonakaliswa kotshaba. Ngoko "i-Beech M2" inokumisela ukubonakaliswa komphezulu wendiza kunye nommandla we-2 square metres. M., iiRebethi - ukusuka kwi-0.05 metres square. M.

Ngexesha lokuqhuba, i-SAM ingahlasela iiyunithi ezili-10 ze-aerodynamic kanye.

Ukulwa kunye neendlela zobuchule

Ukucwangciswa kweziseko kubandakanya ukuthunyelwa komyalelo we-3C510, isikhokelo sokukhomba kunye nesiseko sokufumanisa kunye ne-9C18M1-3 codification, i-4 ukuya kweyesi-6 yamanje i-9C36 eneenjongo zokukhanya kunye neerdar, ukuya kwi-6 ezizikhuphayo 9A317, 6 okanye 12 9A316 zokuqala nokuhlawula iinkqubo. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo yahlawulwa ku-9M317 imikhosi ekhokelwa yinqwelo-moya.

"I-Buk M2" ibonelela ukusetyenziswa kwamacandelo okutshitshiswa ngokusekelwe kwi-SDA, eROM kunye nomthwalo wokutshintsha umbhobho. Banikela ngokukhawuleza kwexesha elilodwa lezinto ezi-4 kwindawo ephakamileyo yokuphucula ukuya kuma-20 m. Kwiikota kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-SAM kukho izigaba ezi-2, kwinguqu ephuculweyo-4.

Ukutshintshwa kwesithuba sokumisela akufuneki ngaphezu kwemizuzwana engama-20. Ngelo xesha, ukufumaneka kwecandelo ngalinye lihluka ukusuka emihlanu ukuya kwemizuzu eyi-15.

Umlilo

I-9M317 i-missile yiyona sixhobo esinqabileyo kakhulu ye-Buk M2 yendlela yokukhusela i-air missile system. Uluhlu lweZUR lungama-50 km. Kule meko, i-missile iyakwazi ukutshabalalisa ithagethi, ukunyuka emoyeni kwindawo engama-25 km. Inkqubo idibene nenkqubo yokulawula inertial nge-radar ye-GOS version 9E420. I-rocket yona inomlinganiselo we-715 kg. Isantya se-flight is 1230 m / s. Amaphiko afikelela kwi-0.86 m. Ukuqhuma kuhlanganisa umgama we-17 m.

Ubunzima buquka i-unit unit 9A317. Ikuvumela ukuba ufumane, uqaphele kwaye ulonge ukujoliswa komoya ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Emva kokuhlalutya uhlobo lwenqwelo- moya, i- 9A317 ivelisa isisombululo kumsebenzi wokutshatyalaliswa kwaye yenza ukuqaliswa kwe-missile. Ngexesha lokuhamba, ukufakela kungekhona nje ukuthumela imiyalelo kwi-warhead, kodwa kwakhona kuhlola okokuqala iziphumo zokuhlaselwa. Umlilo unokwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo kwicandelo elinikeziweyo okanye njengenxalenye yeSAM emva kokujoliswe kuyo kumyalelo wokuposa.

Isikhululo se-radar se-9A317 iyunithi ye-antenna phased with the possibility of scanning beam. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ufumane iithagethi kumgama wama-20 km nge-angle yokuhamba ukuya kuma-degrees angama-70. Ngelo xesha, isikhululo sikwazi ukuskena izinto ezili-10. Ibhobholo ingenziwa kwizinto eziphambili eziphambili. Kwakhona iyunithi ifakwe kwiprogram ye-optical yamabonwakude kunye namatriki. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uqaphele indawo yomoya kuyo nayiphi na imeko yemozulu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwerediyo. Ubunzima bokufakela iitoni ezingama-35. Kwizixhobo zokulwa - iimpompo ezi-4.

Inkqubo yokuhlawula i-9A316 isekelwe kwi-chassis yomkhweli. Ngethuba lokuthutha, litshitshiswa kwi-trailer yevili. Ubunzima bawo buyi-38 toni. Isethi ibandakanya iibhokhwe ezili-8. Idivaysi yokuzilayisha iyakhelwe kwinkqubo.

Izixhobo zokulawula nokubeka esweni

Iposi lolawulo kunye ne-codification 9S510 liyisiseko kwi-SAM. Isekelwe kwi-chassis yomkhweli we-GM597. Uthutho lweemoto elide lwenziwa yiTrakta yeloli yeloli kwi-semi-trailer. I-KP isebenza kwiiyunithi ezingama-60 zezikhokelo. Inani eliphezulu leethagethi eziphenywayo lifikelela kuma-36. Iyunithi ibandakanya izigaba ezilawulwayo ezi-6, ixesha lokuphendula elihluka phakathi kwemizuzwana emibili. Isisindo 9S510 iitoni ezingama-30 kunye nesethi epheleleyo. Iqela liqulethwe ngabantu aba-6.

I-radar ye-9C36 ixhotyiswe ngophakamiso lwangaphandle oluphakama ukuya kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-22 m, enika indawo kunye nokuchongwa kweethagethi nakwindawo enemihlathi. I-radar isekelwe kwi-scanner yekhompyutheni eneendidi ezikhethiweyo. Isitishi sihamba kwi-crawler. Ukufunyanwa kweethagethi kunokwenzeka kwimiba engama-120 km. Kubalulekile ukuphawula i-radius yenkxaso-ukuya kwi-35 km. Ukulandelela ngokufanayo izinto ezili-10 kwisantya somoya ukuya kwi-32 m / s. Ixhoba labasebenzi lifikelela kubantu aba-4.

I-radar 9С18М1-3 yi-3-co-ordinating installation-coherent ye-intente yesentimenti. Isekelwe kwisitshixo sombane we-electron yesigane. I-radar ijoliswe kuphando lwe-airspace. Idata efunyenweyo iyakusasazwa ngokukhawuleza ngelayini yekhowudi yeposi kwi-post yolawulo ukuze iqhutywe phambili. I-antenna eneqhosha lomgca wecala lokusasaza lisetyenzisiweyo. Iithagethi zokufumanisa i-Azimuth - i-degrees ezingama-360 kunye nobubanzi beekhilomitha ezili-160. Ukufakela kusekelwe kwi-chasse yomqhubi. Isisindo - iitoni ezingama-30.

Isicelo kunye namakhono

I-9K317 yanamhlanje iyakwazi ukuvelisa ukuxabana okukhulu kwiimfazwe eziphakamileyo ezikhawulezileyo ukusuka kwimizila emininzi kwangoko. Inkathazo idibana neendlela ezibalulekileyo njengokuhamba, ubuninzi bomsebenzi, ukusebenza komlilo, ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza, ukuhluka kohlaselo, ukuzimela kweenkqubo kunye nokukhusela iinkqubo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-SAM isetyenziselwa ukukhusela izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye neendawo zemikhosi. I-9K317 inako ukusombulula uluhlu lwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Oku kwenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonelwa okanye ukuhlaselwa kweentshaba ezivela emoyeni, kwimeko ephantsi kakhulu.

Umsebenzi we-SAM uquka ukugcina iithagethi zeentshaba kumgama omde kwizinto ezikhuselekile, ukuphelisa ukuphazamiseka, ukuhlalutya ingozi, ukwakha i-algorithm yokuhlaselwa okunokwenzeka, njl.

Ukuthelekiswa kokuphuculwa

Inguqulelo ye "Beech M1" yamkelwe ngowe-1982. I-SAM ingadla iiplani ngokuchaneka kwama-60%, iinqwelo zokuhamba ngeklasi ye-ALCM-ukuya kuma-40%, iinqwelo-moya-ukuya kuma-30%. Kungekudala kwakukho ithuba lokuthintela imikhosi ye-ballistic. Ekugqibeleni ngo-1993, ukufakwa kwe-9M317 kwaziswa. Kwangexesha elide, iimoto zeM1 zazingenakufumaneka kwiindawo zasemkhosini zamazwe ngamazwe.

Intsha entsha ye-Buk M3 inkqubo yokukhusela umoya kufuneka yamkelwe kuphela ekupheleni kuka-2015. Emva kokuphumelela kwemodeli ye-M2 kwibala lemhlaba jikelele, urhulumente waseRashiya wabela isamba esijikelezayo sokuphunyezwa kweprojekthi yexesha elikhoyo. Kulindelwe ukuba "i-Beech M3" iya kukwazi ukuhlaselwa kwiinjongo ezingama-36 ezenziwe ngejubane ye-3000 m / s. Uluhlu lokuqaphela luya kuhluka ukuya kuma-70 km. Iziphumo ezinjalo ziyakubonga ngenxa yecandelo elitsha lokuhlaziywa 9M317M kunye ne-GOS ephakamileyo.

Inkcazo yokuthumela ngaphandle

Kwi-arsenal yaseRussia Federation kuneemodeli ezingama-300 ze-SAM zeM2. Uninzi lwabo lusekelwe kwi "Alkino" kunye ne "Kapustin Yar".

Inombolo enkulu yokuthumela ngaphandle "Beech M2E" ikhona kwindawo yeSiriya. Ngo-2011, umkhosi wendawo waseRashiya wanikezela iingu-19 zakhiwo.

I-Venezuela ine-2 SAM kwi-balance sheet. Zingaphi iindidi eAzerbaijan, eUkraine nase-Iraq aziwa.