Inkqubo karhulumente. I ngcamango. Inkqubo ephezulu ye-hvidy yombuso

Inkqubo karhulumente - le ngcamango isetyenziswa rhoqo kumgaqo-siseko, inika intsingiselo ebanzi. Ingcaciso ibandakanya izinto ezisisiseko zombutho welizwe kunye noluntu, umbutho wamandla, ulwalamano lwezopolitiko, isimo somntu, isiseko solawulo lwengingqi (ukuba kukho), inkqubo yombutho wamandla karhulumente oboniswe kuMgaqo-siseko.

Ngokombono wabalobi abaninzi, imbono "yenkqubo yelizwe" ifana nomgaqo-siseko.

Ifom yefowuni yintlangano yomhlaba, isakhiwo selizwe elinokunikezelwa kwamagunya afanelekileyo kumanqanaba ommandla nakumgangatho okarhulumente.

Urhulumente unokuba nesakhiwo esilula okanye esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ukulula, unokwenza, umzekelo, uquka iBulgaria, Poland, iPhabliki yaseBelarus. Lawa mazwe akanalo ulongamo kwaye akanako ukufumana ubudlelwane bomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle.

Iingxaki zimele zibizwa ngokuba zizwe, zihlangene ngamaqela ahlukeneyo ayenayo yonke imiqondiso yelizwe, kuquka ulawulo. Ngelo xesha, inxalenye yamalungelo abo alawulayo, iinqununu zesakhiwo selizwe zihanjiswe ngokuzithandela kumaziko aphezulu aphakathi.

Iinkalo eziphambili zenkqubo yelizwe:

1. Isakhiwo esisodwa selizwe. Inkqubo yesimo salo hlobo luphawu lwePortugal, iDenmark. Kula mazwe, ukwahlula kwintsimi kuqhutyelwa kuphela kumacandelo angenayo igunya. Kwimeko enjalo kukho uMgaqo-siseko omnye, inkqubo yezemali, isakhiwo semibutho karhulumente kunye nemithetho. Amazwe angamanyeneyo angaba nokuzimela okuzimeleyo kwisakhiwo sawo, izinto ezihlukeneyo zolawulo (nakwezinye iimeko le fomu ibizwa ngokuthi "regionalist"). Njengoko umzekelo, obonakalisa intsingiselo yokugqibela, sinokuyichaza i-Italy. Kuli lizwe kukho imimandla engamashumi amabini ehlukaniswe ngamaphondo (kwimimandla kukho amabhunga enza imisebenzi yokuphatha, imithetho kunye neminye imisebenzi).

Inkqubo yombuso wesigqeba ibonisa ilizwe njengentsebenziswano apho izifundo zayo (izinto ezizimeleyo) kunye nezifundo zinempawu zorhulumente. Ezi zimpawu ziquka umgaqo - siseko, isakhiwo sombuso karhulumente njalo njalo. Ngokumalunga nalokhu, amagunya kwizifundo kunye namaziko, kunye nezakhiwo zamandla zelizwe (amapolisa, amabutho axhobileyo) angaphantsi kwamagunya aseburhulumenteni.

I-Federation ingaba yindawo - kweli lizwe ilizwe elibanzi lihlukaniswe yimimandla. Inkqubo enjalo yelizwe yi-United States.

I-federation ingaba yeyesizwe-kulo meko ukwahlukana kweli lizwe kwenzeka ngokuhambelana nezizwe eziphilayo kwimimandla ethile. IYugoslavia yile sixhobo.

Ukongezelela, umbutho ungaba ne-national-territorial structure (mix mix), njengeRussian Federation.

3. Ubukhosi bunzima kwaye bunzima, ukudibanisa ezinye iintlanga okanye amazwe ngenxa yenkoloni, ukunqoba kunye nezinye izinto. Esi sakhiwo sisekelwe ekunyanzelweni nasebudloveni. Ubukhosi budibanisa xa bephela (njengoko kwenzeke kunye namaRoma, imibuso yaseRussia).

Xa uqwalasela umbuzo wezakhiwo zombuso, injelelo "njenge-confederation" kufuneka icaciswe. Esi sixhobo sibonakala njengesivumelwano sokuzithandela samazwe abumbene ukufezekisa iinjongo ezifanayo, umzekelo, kwimpi, kwezoqoqosho okanye kwezopolitiko. Iziganeko (izifundo) ezingena kwi-confederation zigcina zonke amalungelo azo (amazwe alawulayo). Amazwe akanayo intsimi efanelekileyo, ubemi, umgaqo-siseko, inkqubo yemali , umthetho, inkqubo yerhafu. Ubukho be-confederation buxhaswa yiminikelo yezifundo zayo.