Izibakala kakhulu ezinomdla iintsholongwane: Ushwankathelo, inkcazelo kunye neendidi

Ngemihla bacteria baqala emhlabeni wethu. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba bonke baya kuphela. Running bahlekisa ukuba xa njengabaphambukeli baye bafunda Umhlaba, babengakwazi azi ukuba ngubani umnini wayo real - umntu okanye lesifo. Izibakala kakhulu ezinomdla iintsholongwane ezikhethiweyo ngezantsi.

Yintoni le ntsholongwane?

Bacterium - umzimba eyahlukileyo, nto leyo equka kwiseli enye uyandisa ngokwahlula. I indawo evumayo, kokukhona lohlulwe. Ezi zihlala zonke izidalwa eziphilayo, ngokunjalo emanzini, ukutya, imithi obolileyo, kwizityalo.

Olu luhlu kuphela. Bacilli baphila kakuhle kwizifundo ezichukumisa abantu. Umzekelo, kwi handrail kwizithuthi zikawonke, ngomhla isiphatho efrijini, kwincam ipensile. iinyani ezinika umdla malunga iintsholongwane lwafunyanwa kutshanje oososayensi American ukusuka University of Arizona. Ngokutsho bakubonileyo kwiMars ubomi bacterium "ithule". Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba le yenye ngeziganeko ubukho ubomi kwezinye izijikelezi, kananjalo, ngokoluvo lwabo, iintsholongwane nabaphambukeli nga 'ukuvuselela' ehlabathini.

silwanyana ahlolwe phantsi microscope enombala Isazinzulu Dutch Antonie van Leeuwenhoek ngenkulungwane ye-17 emva kwexesha. iintlobo Okwangoku eyaziwayo bacilli, kukho malunga namawaka amabini. Bonke bephela lungohlulwa lube:

• eziyingozi;
• eluncedo;
• cala.

Ngelo xesha sisilwa okubi ngokuqhelekileyo kuyingenelo cala. Le yenye ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo ngenxa apho umntu egula.

iinkcukacha umdla

Cya basafunda, ukufumana ukusetyenziswa kubo, kodwa ufunde indlela ukujongana izinambuzane eziyingozi. Ngethuba lokwenza uphando, izazinzulu baye bafumanisa ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga iintsholongwane:

1. 5 ihlala ehlabathini quintillion microorganisms (5 * 10 eleshumi elinesithathu). Oku amaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu kwenani labantu nezilwanyana kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu.
2. Eletha kunye neentsholongwane - zizinto izithethantonye abavela iilwimi ezahlukeneyo. Igciwane - igama lesiGrike eletha - Latin.
3. Bacterium azisezeli.
4. Ngamahlwantsi kunye iqabaka uluhlu usebenzisa bacilli okhethekileyo.
5. iintsholongwane yamandulo Frozen kungenziwa waphila.
6. Igciwane inkulu kunokubonwa ngaphandle ngemicroscope. Le perile Namibian sulphuric, ukuba ifikelela imilinganiselo 0.75 iimilimitha.
7. umlomo yabantu yokuhlala 40,000 gazi. Xa kiss lidlule 30 amawaka kubo. 5% kule nombolo kunokukhokelela ukugula.
8. Kukho amagciwane "badle" trinitrotoluene. Ngayo, izazinzulu ufuna ukusombulula ingxaki wam.
9. The Japanese uhlala ibhaktiriya ethunjini ukuba abancede sikwetyise yonke kwaselwandle ezaziwayo.
10. Kwi imeko cell phone uhlala izinambuzane ngaphezu phantsi kongqameko kwesitya yangasese.

Ngokubanzi, elilodwa olunye-baxakeke kuzo zonke iinkqubo zobomi.

Bacterium kunye nabantu

Njengoko ukuzalwa umntu kwihlabathi ezele iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo. Abanye umncede kusinda, abanye kubangela usuleleko kunye nezifo.

Uninzi fun umdla iinyaniso malunga iintsholongwane kunye nabanye:

1. Kangangamawaka eziliqela zeminyaka abantu basebenzisa iintsholongwane acid lactic ukuze kulungelwe. Ngoncedo lwabo, wenza itshizi, iyogurt, zonke iintlobo yogurts kunye neviniga.
2. Xa amagciwane iqela lamadoda akwandise ngaphezu kwaye ngokukhawuleza.
3. "Ukubhutyuza phantsi" ubushushu Uthumelo enomfanekiso iintsholongwane intsimbi. Nguye kuphela kuchaphazela ingqondo yomntu, esilundwendwe link DNA ekutyeni nasemakhalaneni eyeka.
4. Oogqirha zenkulungwane yama-21 ziye zabonisa ukuba uqhelane iintsholongwane luncedo na appendicitis. Kubonakala emzimbeni, nto leyo kwinkulungwane okugqibela liphathwa kakubi ngolo bembiza, oko kusiza umzimba ukumelana nezifo.
5. Ezinye ntsholongwane ukubulala flora yayintsholongwane eyosulela emlonyeni kwaye ulwe ukubola kwamazinyo. Njengoko yonke imihla abahleli kuphela imihlathi lwengwenya, kodwa izazinzulu siceba ukuba kwixa elizayo ukuba wawela la Cya kunye bifidobacteria. Mhlawumbi ihlamba kusasa uya kukwazi ukubuyisela iyogurt.
6. Umzimba womntu silungiselela umyalelo neekhilogram 2 iintsholongwane. Abaninzi kubo bahlala ethunjini.

Kubonakala, njengoko eletha inokunyanga ngokupheleleyo umntu, ibatshabalalise iintlobo zethu. Okwangoku, kukho sele isixhobo zebhayoloji nobumdaka amagciwane.

Njengoko aye wasinceda ukuba asinde?

Nazi ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga iintsholongwane eziyingenelo emntwini:

• ezinye iintlobo bacilli ukukhusela abantu komzimba;
• yi iintsholongwane kulahlwa inkunkuma enobungozi (umz iimveliso zepetroliyam);
• ngaphandle amagciwane kule ndoda emathunjini ibingayi yasinda.

Kubonakala ukuba kude zonke iinyani ezinika umdla malunga iintsholongwane kunye nabantu. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ezi Cya bayancedwa ukuba asinde uhlobo Homo sapiens. Ezi zilwanyana zincinane ke ngokoqobo abantu wadala amajoni emizimba yabo. Xa Homo sapiens washiya lizwekazi, wathabatha naye iintsholongwane neebhaktiriya. Bamandulo Phaya, ke, khange ube nakusinda irhorho, ngoko ke abazange bakwazi ukusinda kule nkqubo zazivelela. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba nkqu ngaphandle Iingxaki zabantu mihla, Bamandulo Phaya wayeza kufa sesi sifo.

Indlela ukuxelela abantwana malunga bacilli?

ukulungele ukuthetha malunga bacilli abantwana sele iminyaka 3-4. Ukuze ubonise kakuhle ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuxelela iinyani ezinika umdla malunga iintsholongwane. Ngokuba abantwana, umzekelo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba baqonde ukuba kukho iintsholongwane okulungileyo nokubi. Unokuncedakala njani kujika ubisi ibe inegwele wazosa izonkana. Kwakhona, zinceda ukwetyisa isisu ukutya.

Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe iintsholongwane ububi. Baxelele ukuba ezincinane kakhulu, ngoko akukho namnye unako ukubabona. Oko, zingangeni emzimbeni womntu, kwiintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza lube kakhulu, kwaye baqalise ukuba adle kuyo ngaphakathi kwethu.

Kufuneka umntwana azi ukuba iintsholongwane ububi nematha umzimba kufuneka:

• Hlamba izandla zakho emva kokusebenzisa ezitalatweni kunye phambi kokuba atye.
• Musa ukutya iilekese ezininzi kakhulu.
• Ukubeka imithi.

Kungcono ukubonisa iintsholongwane kunye Ngoncedo lwemifanekiso kunye encyclopedia.

Yintoni wonke umntu kufanele azi umfundi?

Xa umntwana omdala kubhetele ukuthetha malunga iintsholongwane neebhaktiriya ukuba uthethe ngayo. izinto ezinomdla Kubalulekile ukuba abafundi baxabane. Oko kukuthi, ukuthetha malunga nokubaluleka efunyanwa ngokuhlamba izandla, uyakwazi ukubona ukuthi ujongana zangasese kuphila 340 amathanga zeentsholongwane eziyingozi.

Ngaba ndawonye ukufumana ulwazi malunga apho iintsholongwane ezibangela ukuqanda. Umfundi kwakhona xelela ukuba imali encinci chocolate onesiphumo antibacterial.

Nabantwana besikolo junior ziya kuba nako ukuqonda oko isitofu sokugonya. Oku kuxa umzimba ifakiwe imali encinane yintsholongwane okanye neentsholongwane, kwaye inkqubo omzimba yawo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba kunyuswe gonyo.

Sele ebuntwaneni kufuneka siqonde ukuba ilizwe iintsholongwane - yinto yonke, akwenziwanga kwaba kufundwe ngokupheleleyo, ihlabathi. Kwaye xa kukho le Cya, kukho kwakhona iintlobo loluntu ngokwalo.