Izihlunu zamagxa, kunene negxalaba nombhinqo

Gxalaba umbhinqo siquka amathambo amathathu: clavicle, scapula, ihumerus lithambo (ithambo eliphezulu ingalo), kwakunye izihlunu, nemisipha kunye nemisipha. Amalunga Gxalaba kukho amalungu ezinokususwa phakathi amathambo emagxeni. Imisipha namalungu zezona igxalaba ukuvumela ukuba ukuhamba kuluhlu lwamajelo motion. Izihlunu emagxeni kunye umbhinqo nomlenze banoxanduva intshukumo scapula, ihumerus, kunye clavicle. Ngaphezu koko, ezi izihlunu ziphenjelelwa umkhono, kwegxalaba kunye axillae (amakhwapha). Ngokomzekelo, aya ahanjiswa ye kwegxalaba usenziwa umsipha deltoid. Anatomically, iluphawu iseti eyahlukileyo Imisonto yabo nokusebenza kuququzelelwa kwinkqubo luvo.

igxalaba Human - inxalenye engentla ingalo kunye izihlunu namathambo, ekwavunyelwana ngaso emagxeni kunye uyibhekise amalungu. Nelona qondo liphezulu emagxeni - umgca ezinqamlezayo le ungqameko olungezantsi pectoralis ezinkulu, teres kwezihlunu enkulu kunye nezihlunu ebanzi umva. Umda osezantsi ubuxoki ngentla (2 enqamlezileyo umnwe) loMthetho condyles le ihumerus. izihlunu Gxalaba zilungiswe ngayo imiphezulu ngaphambili umva ihumerus. Iqela phambi izihlunu ekuthiwa izo- (in Latin - musculus zomfana brachii) okanye zomfana. izihlunu ngomva Iqela - esineendidi (in Latin - musculus esineendidi brachii) kunye esineendidi.

Ukuzivumelanisa elastic izihlunu (skeletal, okanye ikwabizwa ngokuba striated) eyenza i izihlunu zamagxa, ngenxa ngokwezakhono zabo ukunciphisa azilawule luvo. Ngenxa yezi propati esiqwini izihlunu na intshukumo ye engqinibeni kunye esineendidi kunye izo- banoxanduva ezi ntshukumo. Ukongeza, zombini ezi izihlunu ukujonga imilo emagxeni, leyo ixhomekeke iqondo kukutyeba kunye izihlunu. Ngenxa amafutha ongama abantwana nabafazi mpuluswa imikrolo izihlunu kunye ingalo ifom lombhobho echanekileyo n'wina. Xa abantu abane umthamo igxalaba dystrophy enkulu kwinxalenye eliphezulu ngaphezu kule ndawo kumda uyibhekise.

Igama Indies le izo- - izo- - livela kumagama amabini Latin: BIS, bona bubonakala kabini, kwaye caput, intsingiselo intloko in translation. Zomfana (ezimbini izihlunu bundle) lineentloko ezimbini, ehlanganisa embindini ngaxhatha esiswini kwezihlunu eqhelekileyo. Intloko elide iqhotyoshelwe kule likhaba (uburhabaxa epiarticular kwimigongxo) imicu sokuqala. intloko Mfutshane kwakhona kuqala ibe likhaba (inkqubo coracoid). Zomfana eziqhotyoshelwe phezulu lokuphela imicu ziyenza njani, apho isisu iyonke. Umsebenzi iphambili yale imisipha yi flexion le ngengqiniba odibeneyo esandleni. Oku innervated yi-luvo dystrophy-cutaneous.

Igama wayelapha emhlabeni izihlunu esineendidi - esineendidi - nayo ivela amagama amabini Latin, ngowokuqala kubo (tri) abathathu, kwaye eyesibini (caput), njengoko sele kuchaziwe ngentla. Le umsipha emikhulu imalunga 2/3 izihlunu ngesandla kwaye linoxanduva nokolula (nokolula) ingalo engqinibeni, joint ngengqiniba ibuye ithumba xa ngesa- kwaye zisetyenziswa intshukumo ocoliweyo, ezifana xa ubhala. Liphethe iinyanda ezintathu esiqwini izihlunu eqala nge iintloko ezintathu (elide, medial kunye osecaleni), kwaye idibane ndawonye imicu ingqiniba. Classically, kukholelwa ukuba zonke zontathu iintloko esihlunwini esineendidi le innervated yi le luvo iphiramidi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iziphumo amaphononongo abonisa ukuba innervation inokuba isebe le-luvo axillary.

yengalo Human na inxalenye ngesandla, nto leyo ifumaneka phakathi edibeneyo engqinibeni kunye esihlahleni (eyaziwa ngokuba esihlahleni). Le ngesa- iquka amathambo amabini kunye nemisipha (ulnar kunye ziqu). Izihlunu zomzimba kwakheka lamanqanaba ezine izihlunu, ezo lenjongo ngaphambili, kwakunye ngomaleko ezimbini kumaqela izihlunu umva. Isiphumo umsebenzi wabo intshukumo kwezandla (kubandakanywa phalanges) kunye esihlahleni. Ngokubanzi, izihlunu emagxeni kwaye ingalo inyuke zinika iindidi ngokubanzi iintshukumo ingalo, kunene kunye nezandla.