Kakuhle eli ngokozwi lakhe iqela. Iimpawu ze ulawulo lwezopolitiko kunye ngokozwi lakhe beqela

Yintoni kakuhle eli ngokozwi lakhe iqela? Xa imo apho umbutho wezopolitiko efuna ngamandla lobuqu, uthi nazo zonke izitha zakhe kwaye coalesces kunye izixhobo karhulumente. Owona mzekelo iphawulekayo umyalelo onjalo eSoviet Union.

Umzekelo kwiBolsheviks

Ukuze siyiqonde kakuhle eli ngokozwi lakhe iqela, cinga ngomzekelo yamaBolshevik Party ngokubanzi, wangumlawuli eRashiya ngowe-1917. Iinkokeli RSDLP (b) thiki kuqwalaselwa ngabo bamelene nabo. Xa kukho i-Oktobha Revolution, inxalenye oluntu nangoku lolwandle wento engekhoyo wokuba uLenin kunye namaqabane akhe walungelelanisa umsebenzi weNdlu yoWiso-neqela. Lo mzimba ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yedemokhrasi ukufumanisa ikamva kwezopolitiko eRashiya.

INdibano neqela iye yasebenza usuku olunye kuphela. Wawuquka kuphela iiBolsheviks, kodwa SRs. Kwakhona ingabaginyi leftist, kodwa yaphikisana nguLenin kwimiba ezinye umgaqo. Ngokukodwa, ezi SRs wenqaba ukuqaphela imimiselo yokuqala kwamandla eSoviet. A yivoti yesininzi yeNdibano neqela wonyulwa njengosihlalo walo ummeli ka Victor Chernov.

Xa RSDLP (b) bayaqonda ukuba igunya omtsha iba inkcaso, kwagqitywa ukuba nantoni na ukuze overclock. abasemagunyeni Pre zavalwa ukubanjwa imiboniso Petrograd. Zamasekela bagxothwa ngosuku olulandelayo evela enkundleni emva kokuqalisa umsebenzi. Le ndawo waduma ngenxa ibinzana elithi "Unogada edinwe." Kanye ukhuseleko uthe ukuvalwa okwethutyana le Tauride Palace, isihlalo kwepalamente.

ukwesaba karhulumente

Kamva kwacaca ukuba iNdibano neqela wayesasazekile ngokupheleleyo. abahlali Petrograd yabamba imiboniso eziliqela kunye irallie exhasa umzimba ummeli. Zombini adutyulwa iinxalenye Riflemen Latvian. Abulawa, njengoko uqikelelo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka abantu 8 ukuya 20.

Kwabonakaliswa ngale kakuhle nentlekele ulawulo ngokozwi lakhe iqela. KwiBolsheviks wayengafuni ukwabelana amandla, zaxolela kubatshabalalisa bonke abachasi bakhe. Terror - umgaqo ngundoqo xa kuziwa emathekweni ngeqhudu bababamba namandla naliphi na ilizwe.

Ban on ingxoxo

Noko ke, nasemva kokuba chithwa ngolunya yeNdibano neqela, amanye amaqela Russian ezopolitiko ezazisendle zomthetho. Babengaba okhuphisana kakhulu kwi iiBolsheviks kumzabalazo uluvo loluntu. Loo Mensheviks kunye SRs. Xa indlela RSDLP (b) ubatshabalalise kwakhona kutyhilwa undoqo ngokozwi lakhe iqela.

Kwindibano SRs kunye Mensheviks ibikukuphela kwendlela non-yasemkhosini ukuza ngamandla. Zizo ezo ngcebiso. La maqumrhu ziye ibe umatshini wokuchwetheza, izitampu iivoti kuyimfuneko. Ulawulo ngokozwi lakhe sabasebenzi yaba iqela leyo uvaliwe nayiphi na ingxoxo, ukuba isigqibo sele ethathiwe 'mntanam' kwiKomiti Central.

bamelene yamaBolshevik ngempumelelo baphinde bonyulwa ukuba iSoviet baqalisa ukutshintsha isimo sabo. Imeko ye uLenin nabaxhasi bakhe baba iyaxokozela kakhulu. Imeko embi kuba amaKomanisi kulawulwa Petrograd kuphela eMoscow, ngoxa abanye enkulu kweli lizwe intshukumo abaMhlophe bebebaninzi esebenzayo.

Kudityaniswe iqela kunye norhulumente

NgoMeyi 1918, Zinoviev kuthelekiswa Iingcebiso kwiNdlu yeeNkosi kwiPalamente yaseBritani. Kukhethwa ezimele baphuma phantsi kolawulo iiBolsheviks. Kulo mba, ubunkokheli beqela isigqibo ngokusesikweni ugwayimbo preemptive. Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1918 baye babanjwa iinkokheli yeNdibano Komishinala, apho inkoliso wathembela inkcaso.

Ngelo xesha, inkqubo ngokuthelekisa izixhobo iqela kunye norhulumente. Abantu Commissariat lezoKhuselo kunye neBhunga Commissars Abantu bakaThixo ngokupheleleyo yamaBolshevik. amalungu Party eba yinxalenye kukhal kunye nokuhlelwa. Ngowe-1920, xa IX Congress of the RCP (b), iBhunga liya kufumana zonke yamaBolshevik yesibini (kwaye kulo lonke umbutho, kwakukho 98% yenani lilonke zamasekela). Kwaye kuphela zonke ilungu yeshumi iqela wayesebenza kwimveliso.

Ukukhonya yeenkonzo zokhuseleko

Kwixesha elizayo, ngumongo ngokozwi lakhe Party of 1920 kwaba ukusebenzisa iinkonzo ezizodwa kunye nezixhobo yengcinezelo. KwiBolsheviks kweso sikhundla khona Cheka. Eyona nto eKGB yaba Mensheviks kunye SRs. uthungelwano elikhulu ulwazi sele yenziwe. Kwi nganye yento inkcaso eziqokelelweyo banyelise isiqalekiso.

Ulawulo ngokozwi lakhe yamaBolshevik Party, ngokusemthethweni wasekwa ngo 1922. Ke uLenin wathi ekuphela kwendlela ukuze baqhathe revolution ihlabathi - kukudala intshukumo elimanyeneyo Communist yezopolitiko. Ihlobo waqalisa izilingo bonisa ngokuchasene Socialist-mbuso. izimvo ezo ngokubanzi zigutyungelwe esendimbaneni, kwaba futhi indalo ubuxoki. Kuluntu, kukho umfanekiso iintshaba kunye abangcatshi nabo ke kuyimfuneko ukuba ukohlwaya. Kamva, le ndlela iye isetyenziswe kuphela ngokunxulumene kwabachasi yobungcali kwezopolitiko, kodwa bonke abemi, aneliseke norhulumente ngempumelelo.

Ntsuku belinye

Ingcinezelo nxamnye iintshukumo inkcaso lilungisa "bona revolution" kunye nezinye ezigxeka elikhulu. Emva kokuba iinkokheli Socialist-njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo afunyaniswe enetyala, inkonzo eSoviet imfihlelo walungelelanisa Congress of the inxalenye iqela, owayeza kuzala, ukuze badibane kwiBolsheviks. Ezi wobusoshiyali ebizwa "Initsiativniki". Ke ichithwe iqela ayazimbela ngamaKomanisi. Ngokufanayo, bayahlelwa Mensheviks kuphuhliswa.

ESoviet Union kwakukho iqela elinye kuphela. Kodwa ngaphakathi RCP (B) yasungulwa inkqubo efanayo. Ngowe-1924, emva kokufa Lenin phakathi iliza yokuqala iiBolsheviks nomzabalazo ngamandla.

Inner lokucoca

Umzabalazo kwi ezintlwini VKP (b) waye lomlinganiswa ngaphantsi yentlalo nje ubuntu. Noko ke, Stalin xa waba yinkokheli yedwa yepati, yaye naye Wazisusa iingxoxo theoretical component. Abaphikisi bathole ngokuyi nxalenye abaninzi 30. Iimpawu ze ulawulo lwezopolitiko kunye kakuhle beqela ngokozwi lakhe kukhokelele lozwilakhe ngumntu omnye.

Ummangali ephambili kukaStalin kuqala yaba Leon noTrotsky. Yena belingana ne uLenin walungelelanisa Oktobha Revolution, lo gama Koba akukho ibango ukhokelo. Kungenxa yoko, noTrotsky kuqala phantsi zocindezelo. Ngomzuzu wokugqibela wakwazi kwamanye amazwe. De iminyaka embalwa nakwivukela wayehlala Mexico de ubulawa ngumntu arhente yiSoviet ngo-1940.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba eminye imigaqo ngentla ziphuhliswe kwiBolsheviks zasetyenziswa kamva ngempumelelo ngamaNazi kwi Wesithathu. In yanamhlanje ngokozwi lehlabathi i Party anqabe kakhulu. Namhlanje, eli lizwe kunye nenkqubo sezopolitiko wamaKomanisi China, apho onke amaziko karhulumente nazo ukuguqu iqela, kwaye inkcaso uvaliweyo.