Kubude iiseli ezibomvu zabantu nezilwanyana eziphilayo

iiseli ezibomvu egazini kuthiwa iiseli, ogama indima ukuthutha oksijini carbon dioxide. Xa abantu kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo na izinto ezimile okwesitya yinyukliya-yamahala akhiwa kumongo ithambo ebomvu. Ekwenzeni umsebenzi wayo, baba umonakalo ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, abakwazi ukuba ukululama, silungiswe okanye usisilima, kufuneka zitshatyalaliswe.

Inkqubo ngokutshatyalaliswa erythrocyte

Ngenxa phambi zendalo cell ukuguga ubomi indlela erythrocyte ubude iintsuku 120. Eli lixesha avareji ngexesha apho iiseli bayakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo. Nangona kuthiwa erythrocyte afe yaye ngoko nangoko emva kokushiya umongo wethambo. Isizathu - umonakalo ngoomatshini ezivela, umzekelo, xa uhambo umgama omde okanye umothuko. Emva koko ukusilela kwenzeka okanye hematoma, okanye iimpahla.

Inkqubo yemvelo ezizezolonakaliso, olawula ubomi iiseli ezibomvu, ithatha indawo udakada. iseli Macrophage ibhaqe kunye inani elincinane receptors, nto leyo ethetha ukuba babe elide elijikeleziswa egazini okanye umonakalo ebalulekileyo. Emva koko element buvumela ukuba zifunxe yi-macrophage, leyo esahlula a heme (ion intsimbi) ye kwiproteni inxenye mpilo. Metal ithunyelwa emva lomongo wethambo, apho iseli usasazwa ugqithiselwa nemileyo fissile proerythroblast.

Iimpawu yokuphila erythrocytes babantu

Enyanisweni, iminyaka yobomi iiseli igazi labantu ezibomvu kungaba ngamabona elikhulu phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Okokuqala, kufanele kubekho akukho ukuxhathisa ngoomatshini ngexesha nokuhamba kwegazi. Okwesibini, iiseli ezibomvu igazi ngokwabo musa ukugqabhuza. Noko ke, kule egazini yabantu ezi meko azikwazi kuhlangatyezwane.

Xa lihambe iimpahla iiseli ezibomvu, bakwazi ukumelana iimpembelelo ezininzi. Ngenxa yoko, ingqibelelo inwebu zabo miseka, ezinye iiproteni umphezulu receptor eyonakeleyo. Ngaphezu koko, akukho nuclei erythrocyte kunye organelles ilungiselelwe protein biosynthesis. Iindlela wafumana iseli sinesiphene ibuyiseke. Ngenxa yoko, i-macrophage ukuba udakada "ukubamba" inani elincinane neseli receptors (nto leyo ke ithetha ukuba iseli sele kudala zityhutyhe egazini kwaye ukuba kakhulu yonakele) kunye ubatshabalalise.

Imfuneko ukuphelisa "ubudala" iiseli ezibomvu zegazi

Elona bokuphila erythrocytes lomntu obumalunga 120 iintsuku. Ngeli xesha ke bafumana ezininzi izilonda, ngenxa apho Ukuncitshiswa yeegesi ngokusebenzisa inwebu yaphulwe. Ngenxa yokuba iiseli ngokwemiqathango igesi exchange olusebenza kangako. Kunye neeseli ezibomvu "abadala" - la iiseli ezingazinzanga. inwebu yabo mhlawumbe baphele ngqo egazini. Umphumo iya kuba ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo ezimbini zophendlo lwezifo.

Okokuqala, ukukhululwa mpilo, nto leyo kungena egazini, i metalloproteins eliphezulu. Ngaphandle inkqubo zendalo ibile of involution komba, leyo ngokwesiqhelo kungenziwa kuphela macrophage udakada, neprothini uba ayingozi ebantwini. Kuya kweyela nezintso, leyo zingonakalisa izixhobo glomerular. Umphumo iya kuba kancane ukusilela kwezintso.

UMZEKELO yezifo ukutshatyalaliswa erythrocytes

Ngaphandle esigcina kwi egazini ziya kuwohloka ezinye isixa erythrocytes, ihemoglobin yoxinaniso igazi malunga rhoqo. Ngoko ke, izintso zonakele kakhulu, abasisigxina kunye progressive. Ngenxa kwenye ixabiso, kutheni iiseli ezibomvu utshabalale kwangaphambili, nto nje ukususwa iifom "abadala", nasekunqandeni intshabalalo yabo egazini.

Hi ndlela leyi, umzekelo metalloproteins sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ityhefu ungabona ngokucacileyo umzekelo eyo syndrome. Apha, izixa ezikhulu myoglobin (kwezinto kufutshane kakhulu ngehemoglobin kubume kunye composition) ongena egazini kwezihlunu ngenxa necrosis. It umonakalo izintso kungakhokelela zomzimba ezininzi. Kwimeko mpilo kufuneka silindele nemiphumo efanayo. Ngenxa yokuba kubalulekile ukuba ixesha umzimba ukuphelisa iiseli "aqolileyo", iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ize ke ngoko ixesha yomphefumlo ezona seentsuku ezingama-120. Yaye yintoni uthini ngayo izilwanyana?

Sokuphila iiseli ezibomvu ezilwanyaneni

Kwizilwanyana ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo kwiiseli ezahlukileyo. Kuba besaphila nayo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka abantu. Kodwa ukuba uthatha umzekelo ezincancisayo njengoko thina, kukho ukufana ezininzi. Red corpuscles igazi ezincancisayo phantse ngokufanayo abantu. Ngenxa yoko, ubude ubomi iiseli ezibomvu egazini malunga efanayo.

Le meko yahlukile kwi eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, ezirhubuluzayo, intlanzi kunye neentaka. Bonke bephela esiseleni elibomvu igazi nucleus. Ngoko ke, musa abanalo ukukwazi nokulungelelanisa iiproteni, nangona lo mhlaba ayikho lo nto ibalulekileyo kubo. Ibaluleke ngaphezu ubuchule bokulungisa receptors zabo kunye nomonakalo. Ngenxa iminyaka yobomi iiseli ezibomvu zegazi lesilwanyana lilikhulu kancinci nje umntu. Njengokuba kude njengoko iphezulu, kunzima ukuphendula, ngenxa yokuba izifundo kunye iiseli enombhalo ziye zenziwa njengoko engeyomfuneko.

Ukubaluleka yophando ebantwini

Kude kube kamva nje, ukwazi ukuba obuphilwa iiseli ezibomvu egazini iintsuku 120 yobomi, asakulungiselela lo mkhuba amayeza. Noko ke, emva kokuba ukuvulwa ubuchule haemoglobin ukubophelela izinto ezithile, amathuba amatsha. Ngokukodwa, ngoku yonke indlela yokufumanisa athwala glycated. Inika ulwazi kumgangatho indlela eliphezulu iswekile yegazi eyonyukileyo kwiinyanga ezintathu zokugqibela. Oku kunceda kakhulu lokufunyaniswa seswekile sinwenwa, njengoko ikuvumela ukuba ukwazi njani ekwandeni iswekile yegazi.