Meaning phraseologism "ibhatyi". esithandwayo "umandlalo Procrustean"

Yintoni na butyebi bububo yolwimi? Njengoko wabhala NM Karamzin, ingelilo inani elikhulu izandi okanye amagama amaninzi, kwaye ukukwazi ukugqithisa imiba ezifihlakeleyo yokuziphatha kunye neemvakalelo. Enye indlela ye binzana kuqwalaselwa wokongeza i-phraseological iiyunithi - imidibaniso ezizinzileyo amazwi, le fomyula kuthiwa-ngomlomo okokuba eqaqambileyo, ecacisa yaye ukugqiba ngokuchanileyo sengqondo, iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo yesithethi.

Meaning phraseologism "Procrustes umandlalo"

Kulo naluphi na ulwimi, kukho ibinzana oluzinzileyo, imidibaniso ukulungele zamagama musa nje bayihombise, kwaye bancede isithethi ukuvakalisa isimo sabo ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Xa Ezolimi, zibizwa phraseology. Enye iimpawu kwawo ambiguity. Ngelo xesha linye zinentsingiselo ngqo kunye izafobe, iphambene ukufunda yokoqobo. Ukusuka lo mbono yi ixabiso phraseologism umdla "umandlalo Procrustean". Ngokoqobo - wakukhankanya umphangi yeengxilimbela kwiintsomi zamaGrike, kunye nezixhobo zakhe bokuhlala sentuthumbo, ngokomfanekiso - ngamandla ilingane nantoni phantsi imiqathango engqongqo.

"Vitamins" intetho

Phraseology - kwisebe Ezolimi (inzululwazi yolwimi), elijongene phraseology okanye neeyunithi phraseological. Kutheni ukufunda le meko kweelwimi ukwenza indlela ethile Ezolimi? Okokuqala, umbuzo uyasala impikiswano, yintoni ezinzileyo amabinzana kungathathwa phraseology: Imizekeliso, amazwi, amaqhalo, amazwi, njl Kwaye okwesibini, ngaphandle ukufunda iindlela nokudaleka, phraseology nayo benza imithombo imvelaphi yamanani ezithile zentetho ... Ngokwembonakalo Jika ibinzana ulwimi Russian yahlulwe ubudala ubudala Russian waboleka.

Primordially Russian waboleka

Emithonjeni primordially Russian inkcubeko yamandulo nokuxubana, ubomi, izithethe, iinkolelo, iintsomi, kwakunye nemisebenzi ababhali Russian, "kulowo nyaka '- ixesha elide eyadlulayo, kudala; "Nikunqena" - ukuhlala umva; "Ngaphandle ukumkani intloko yakhe" - umntu owenza izinto ezingenangqondo. Kodwa namhlanje kuya kuxoxwa kancinane ngabo, ngokuba sinomdla ibinzana elithi "umandlalo Procrustean" ezi libhekisela phraseology ebolekiweyo. Njengoko zesayensi, eli yokugqibela kwanawezayo kuthi, evela kwimibhalo yezibhalo-abangabefundisi (i "isiqhamo esalelweyo" - isilingo esalelweyo), ukususela zamaRoma kunye Iintsomi zamaGrike ( "ngeqhina Gordian" - ukuphithana, ezingadibaniyo iimeko), kwakunye iilwimi Western zaseYurophu kunye noncwadi ( " Princess kunye ertyisi "- zibe ngabantu).

amaqhalo antique

Yintoni eye wasishiya ilifa of Ancient Greece? AmaGrike "wanika" us inzululwazi, imidlalo yeqonga, wadala inkoliso ntlobo zoncwadi, baba umthombo inkqubo exabisekileyo humanistic ... Nantso yinxalenye encinane into oxhasa yonke inkcubeko yehlabathi. Kodwa ngoku ngaloo nto, hayi kanye mandithi, malunga nale - malunga iimpumelelo ihlabathi lamandulo, kodwa endle eyahlukileyo - Ezolimi. Iqela waboleka amabinzana ebalulekileyo yokomfuziselo zenza iiyunithi phraseological ezivela kwiintsomi zamaGrike: "izitali Augean" - igumbi emdaka kunene; "Sink zisabonakala" - kumka nomoya, enzonzobileni, ukuba ilityalwe; "Ndifakeleni isali Pegasus" - khangela ukuba waphefumlelwa ukuba babhale imibongo, ukuba abe imbongi, nabanye Njengoko kubonakala kule mizekelo, ukuze usebenzise kakuhle olu hlobo amabinza, umzekelo, sinengcamango, gama elo elithetha "umandlalo Procrustean", kuyimfuneko ukwazi imbali lemvelaphi yabo, okanye. okungenani ukuba uqhelene iintsomi zamaGrike amandulo kunye noncwadi.

"Umandlalo Procrustean": intsingiselo imvelaphi

Chaza iqhalo "umandlalo Procrustean" kunceda ilivo hero Greek Theseus, nyana Efry kunye inkosi Athens Aegeus. Xa ekhula yaye ekhula, unina kunye notatomkhulu wakhe wathumela kuye eAthene ukufumana uyise. Theseus zange awuthobele isicelo usapho ukuya elwandle, kodwa bakhetha indlela nzima ngakumbi - ngeenyawo ngokusebenzisa Isthmus. Nzima yindlela wadibana emininzi nemiqobo, wayephakathi apho ukungquzulana kunye damask kubamba elithi Procrustes, gama elo elithetha "puller". Ngale avezwe waya notoriety. Yonke ohambahambayo ke ukuba endlwini yakhe, apho balinda i ya nxaniso okubuhlungu: Wenza bonke kulala phantsi ebhedini abadumile bakhe, yaye ukuba mkhulu ukuba "martyr", wayekhupha kwakhe de iinyawo zakhe khange irwece imiphetho. Ke ukuba bhedi kwakukho Lilishwa kancinci ukuba Bazidiliza ezinyaweni zakhe. Theseus wawoyisa isigebenga, wafika wamlalisa kumandlalo kuyo. Kwaba mfutshane kuba ulutsha yayo ngqindilili wabulawa ngendlela efanayo njengoko Uchitha amahlwempu kanye abahambi. Kwiinkulungwane kamva, igama umphangi Procrustes kunye isixhobo sakhe sentuthumbo - "umandlalo" kuphulukana intsingiselo yazo ngqo, yaye kunye libe nentsingiselo eyahlukileyo, nto leyo wenziwe beyazi phezu lokufunda le ntsomi iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo. Ngoko, kwi Russian ixabiso ulwimi phraseologism "umandlalo Procrustean" - umlinganiselo ethile okanye into ngenkani ukuzivumelanisa, ngokusesikweni.

nezinye iilwimi

Waboleka iiyunithi phraseological - oko kukuthi, njengokuba umthetho, umfutho ngamazwe. Ngokomzekelo, ibinzana elithi "Achilles 'isithende" - ukulimaza - uye nogxa yayo IsiNgesi - Achilles' esithendeni, isiFrentshi - talon d'Achille, in Greek - αχίλλειος πτέρνα, isiJamani - Achillesferse njalo njalo. Noko ke, yena uhlala ngokupheleleyo kunye nentsingiselo yalo, kunye nemifanekiso yayo. Ngoku cinga "umandlalo Procrustean", imizekelo ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwezinye iilwimi: Greek - προκρούστεια κλίνη, IsiNgesi - ukhuko Procrustean, isiJamani - Prokrustesbett njalo njalo. Ibinzana wafunda ethandwayo yamandulo zonke iilwimi lugcina umfanekiso umguvela Procrustes, ngokusekelwe apho kwakukho ngakuntsonkotha, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ixabiso igcinwa kunye phraseologism "umandlalo Procrustean" - isakhiwo lobuxoki zomlinganiselo ngamampunge, kwaye lungelelanisa kunye lwegrama, oko kukuthi, ukufuduka yokuvakalisa ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye akukhange kwakhokelela zonke iintlobo utshintsho.

Iqhalo okanye isaci ethandwayo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, phakathi iingcali ngeelwimi kusekho umahluko, kukho izaci nezafobe kwiiyunithi phraseological okanye hayi. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba ewe, kwaye ziquka izafobe kunye namazwi kwiqela "amabinzana phraseological." Ezinye iingcali ngeelwimi ukuphika oku, kwaye siyakholwa ukuba ezi ngezenzeko iilwimi na umbandela phraseology sifundo. Umbuzo, Kakade, entsonkothileyo impikiswano. Ngokomzekelo, ibinzana elithi "umandlalo Procrustean" angathunyelwa ngokuba phraseology, yaye le yindlela ethandwayo.

Njengoko iqhalo ngengqiqo imxinwa ilizwi, it has mpawu zilandelayo:

• idiomatic, oko kukuthi ayahlukahlukenanga, iingxelo indecomposability phezu amacandelo ngamnye (elithi "Procrustean" yaye "umandlalo" ayikwazi isetyenziswa ngokwahlukeneyo, okanye baphelelwe intsingiselo yawo eqhelekileyo jikisa udibaniso free);
• zokwazisela - ixabiso lokuqala kweli binzana, ixabiso olukhawulezileyo iguqulelwa ibe yokomfuziselo (ibinzana "Procrustes umandlalo" ekuqaleni ukuya igama kubamba yaye isixhobo yayo eyayidume nxaniso, yaye kuphela emva koko bafumana ingqiqo aphakamileyo - umlinganiselo formal);
• ukumelana - eyenza "umandlalo Procrustean" turnover ayikwazi indawo ngabanye;
• Unxulumano ukuba inxalenye ethile kwintetho - ntetho sisaci "umandlalo Procrustean" izenzo njengesibizo;
• ukuvavanywa imvakalelo.

amazwi antique ethandwayo

Lo mbhali elithi "Inkulumo ethandwayo," "amagama ezinamaphiko" wenziwa kaHomer, ngubani okokuqala kokuba lisetyenziswa kwi "Iliad": ukusuka emlonyeni isithethi ukuqhekeka ngokukhawuleza ilizwi yaye ngoko nangoko labhabha indlebe kumphulaphuli ngayo. Xa Ezolimi mihla, lo gama ukuqonda quote ezinzileyo kwaye yaziwa kakuhle imisebenzi ezaziwa cinema, kumculo, izibhengezo, kunye namazwi abantu abaziwayo. amazwi ezininzi zivela eBhayibhileni okanye intsomi yamaGrike, ezifana ibinzana elithi "umandlalo Procrustean". Ihlabathi of "magama ezinamaphiko" olutshintshatshintshayo - ezinye zezicatshulwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, wolahlekelwa ukufaneleka kwabo, popularity and shwaka, kuvela abanye babe ubulumko eqhelekileyo.