Methyl alcohol

Methyl utywala (okanye methanol) yi ulwelo enemibala. Oku miscible lula ngamanzi kunye izinyibilikisi ezahlukeneyo nokuba isiseko ephilayo. Incasa kunye nevumba imethyl utywala (CH3OH formula) uye phantse akukho mahluko evela ethyl, kodwa yityhefu kwaye kunokubangela ityhefu kakhulu. Methanol has a eliphantsi abilayo. Iqondo lobushushu lihle laya 64,5 Celsius. Xa utshisa nokuba le nto inombala baluthuthu oluhlaza amadangatye kunye akukho etshayayo.

Phantsi kweemeko zendalo, akunakwenzeka ukufumana methanol ngohlobo free. Kwindalo, kukho kuphela avela imethyl utywala, ezo oyile Ester zingangeni. They are ikuyo. Anthranilic acid methyl Ester uqulathwe ioli jasmine kunye salicylic - ngeoli wintergreen. Ahlobene of methanol ezifumaneka sezakhi, idayi zendalo, njl

Ngaphambili ekufumaneni methanol eveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo neyanamhlanje owomileyo, iinkuni izinto yekrwada. abenzi-mveliso Modern basebenzisa iindlela zokwenziwa.

Methyl utywala lisetyenziswa njengendlela kuphela ukuba ipeyinti kunye ivanishi. Oku kusetyenziswa njengelungu eqala ukuvelisa formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfate, imethyl chloride, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi zavezwa imichiza. Kwakhona, oko yenye macandelo isinqandi kwaye usetyenziswa denaturing ethyl utywala.

Methanol i ityhefu, nobhaliweyo semithambo kunye neenkqubo luvo. Ubuthi iziyobisi ngenxa igcwala yayo xa tapeworm kwaye atshintshelwe kwelona formaldehyde ubomi emngciphekweni.

Methyl utywala ityhefu apho kunokwenzeka emva kokufumana ngeemililitha emihlanu ukuya kwelishumi ibangela kubumfama ebantwini. A ithamo ngaphezulu amathathu grams, ntonje unobangela wokufa, olwenzeka xa ukuphazanyiswa isixokelelwano sokuphefumla, nokudumba kwemiphunga okanye ingqondo kunye uremia okanye ziwe. Iimpawu nomoya methanol ityhefu angavela:

• intloko;
• umkhuhlane jikelele;
• yobuthathaka;
• isicaphucaphu;
• Ukugodola;
• ukubuyisa.

Ngoko ke, ingozi yempilo ayikho kuphela imethyl utywala ngendlela esulungekileyo, kodwa umxube apho umxholo methanol incinane. Isiliphu kwezinto zinetyhefu emzimbeni unokuthatha indawo nje kuphela kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. iperi utywala yalawo emiphungeni. Methanol ngezixa ezincinane uyakwazi ukungena kwi emzimbeni kwaye ngesikhumba.

Methyl utywala kwamanye amazwe isetyenziswa denaturant ngenxa ethanol element. Abasabela ngenxa ukwimo kwemichiza isisahlulo iziyobisi eziveliswa kwishishini aqhumisele ngayo. umthetho Russian othintela ukusetyenziswa methanol kwiimveliso ukuba zityiwe abaninzi.

Methyl kotywala ukusetyenziswa kwayo nje eliphakathi ngenxa synthesizing isambuku ishishini kwemichiza mveliso. Kwi ineziseko zayo le Iipholima zaveliswa, kwaye ezahlukeneyo izinto eziphilayo. Methanol lisetyenziswa njenge-arhente ukulungiselela iintlobo ezithile zinambuzane.

Methyl utywala ekrwada izinto ku tswala methylamine, pentaerythritol, kunye hexamine. ukusetyenziswa kwayo ekuvelisweni polyvinylchloride, ion lotshintshiselwano kunye nentlaka urea, kwakunye ekwenziweni negative. Ngaphandle methanol asikwazi eziqhutshwa izityalo ammonia. Methyl utywala lisetyenziswa kwishishini lamachiza ekwenziweni kwamayeza. Le engamanzi ingasetyenziswa zibe kukudla izityalo ngamandla, ukuze ube indawo izithuthi ipetroli. Ngaphandle methanol ayikho avelisa acetic acid kunye zerabha zokwenziwa. Le Impahla ifumana isicelo yayo kushishino kunye oyile kunye nezintsonkothileyo negesi izinto.