NIS - a ... NIS Countries

Leliphi ilizwe bobabo le NIS: Canada, Sweden, Thailand okanye Kazakhstan? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kufuneka siqonde izinto awohluke yophuhliso loqoqosho kweli qela lamazwe. Kodwa kulo wena ukunceda inqaku lethu iindaba.

NIS - it ...

Yintoni NIS? Nendlela ukuze ziqonde le segama?

NIS - ekuthiwa-amatsha kumazwe afumileyo. Kwimeko yokuqala (IsiNgesi), kuvakala ngathi: ezintsha mvelisi lizwe, okanye zishunqulelwe njengoko uNic. Ngendlela, rhoqo kwi Russian ingafumaneka kwi uhlobo lokuncitshiswa i-NEC.

NIS - iqela ithi ukuba iimpawu ezahlukeneyo eyodwa yophuhliso lwentlalo noqoqosho. phawu Main kubenza - i okukhawulezayo ukukhula kwezoqoqosho oko kuye kwenzeka (okanye eyenzekayo) phakathi kwexesha elingephi.

Kuba NIS kuquka amazwe ukuba ibekwe kwi kumazwekazi ezahlukeneyo Umhlaba. Yiphi na? Oku kuza kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili zale amazwe NIS

Phakathi iimpawu eziphambili amaqela NIS kumazwe zingahlukaniswa:

• ukukhula koqoqosho eliphezulu ngokukhawuleza;
• utshintsho onamandla Uqoqosho lwesizwe;
• utshintsho kumaziko kuqoqosho;
• yokukhulisa kulo msebenzi awuqeqeshelweyo yabasebenzi;
• inxaxheba kushishino lwamazwe ngamazwe;
• nokutsala ngeentlobo eyinkunzi angaphandle kunye notyalo-mali;
• ubunzima eliphezulu elithile ishishini elihambisayo e-GDP (kwama-20%).

Abaphandi noqoqsho ziquka State kwiqela NIS ezingundoqo iparameters eziliqela (indices). Zezi:

• ubukhulu GDP (per capita);
• amazinga okukhula (avareji);
• isabelo woveliso kwi-GDP;
• ngaphandle iyonke kwempahla;
• umthamo kutyalomali ngqo oluvela kumazwe.

amazwe NIS (uluhlu)

NIS ithi kwiqela eyahlukileyo kumazwe asaphuhlayo. Le nkqubo yaqala malunga phakathi 1960. Namhlanje ku NIS ziquka kumazwe aseAsia, Merika nase-Afrika. Ukuqulunqwa kwale qela lamazwe zingahlulwa zibe ngamanqanaba amane (okanye amaza).

Ngoko ke, onke amazwe NIS (uluhlu):

• wave lokuqala: babizwa ngokuba "amahlosi East Asian" (Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong noMzantsi Korea) kwakunye kumazwe amathathu American - Brazil, Argentina kunye Mexico;
• sihlandlo sesibini: India, Malaysia, Thailand;
• wave wesithathu iquka naseSipro, Indonesia, eTurkey, Tunisia;
• wave sesine: China kunye Philippines.

Emazantsi imaphu ubonisa indawo onke amazwe emhlabeni.

Ngenxa yoko, iqela NIS namhlanje ziquka 16 ithi ezahlukeneyo. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, zejografi abezoqoqosho ongenaxhala ndithi ukuba umhlaba wabumba, imimandla lonke kunye nokukhula oluzinzileyo loqoqosho.

NIS: imbali kunye neendlela zophuhliso

Ngenxa yoko, impembelelo kwezinye izinto kumazwe aphuhlileyo kwezoqoqosho kule minyaka ingama-60 kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini (ezifana ne-US, Japan kunye Germany) ukuveliswa kwezinto ezithile yayeka ukuba nenzuzo. Sithetha eyolukiweyo, elektroniki kunye imveliso yemichiza. Ekugqibeleni bafudukela imveliso kumazwe asakhasayo, nto leyo 'ukuqhayisa "yabasebenzi wexabiso kunye namaxabiso umhlaba ophantsi.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, abaninzi zamazwe ngamazwe baqalisa ukufaka izibonelelo zabo imveliso apha. Kwaye ezo ithi wakwazi kuqala ukudala isimo sivune ukuba utyalo-mali lwangaphandle kunye bakwazi ukuphumelela ngokwezoqoqosho. Kwaqala-enamanqanaba ezahlu- ifom lizwe: South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, kunye nabanye.

Ngoko kusengqiqweni ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, amazwe liphuhle ngokupheleleyo kwezoqoqosho besizukulwana sokuqala waqala ukuphelelwa izinto zayo ezicacileyo kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe asakhulayo. Baqala ukuba yinxalenye imveliso yabo (ngokukodwa abasebenzi-olunzulu) kweli lizwe elilandelayo. Zezi: Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia. Kwathi sele kwi 80s. Kamva kwezi nkqubo batsalwa Philippines, Vietnam, Sri Lanka kunye nabanye.

Ngoko ke, i "ukusetyenziswa koomatshini isantya" liyasetyenziswa kwimbali zokusekwa kwe-NIS. Ukuphuhlisa iteknoloji, ngamnye amazwe NIS ekugqibeleni wanika indlela kwinyathelo ezantsi kuphuhliso kukwanda kweefektri States kwisizukulwana esilandelayo.

NIS: umfuziselo kophuhliso loqoqosho

Phakathi amazwe liphuhle ngokupheleleyo kwezoqoqosho kukho iindlela ezininzi ezingundoqo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho. Zezi:

• imodeli Asia;
• imodeli Latin American.

Eyokuqala luphawulwa share encinane kobunini ngurhulumente kwezoqoqosho. Noko ke, impembelelo amaziko oluntu kuqoqosho kula mazwe isekhona phezulu. Xa lithi lwecandelo Asian ezahlu- kukho "ihlelo ukunyaniseka" kwiinkampani 'zabo ". Uqoqosho kazwelonke kula mazwe ukuphuhlisa, ezijolise ikakhulu kurhwebo lwangaphandle.

Umfuziselo yesibini, eLatin American, kuba luphawu lwamazwe South American kwakunye Mexico. Apha, ngokuchaseneyo, ngokucacileyo kukho isiqhelo yophuhliso kwezoqoqosho yesizwe ejolise kufakwe yokungenisa.

"Tigers East Asian" - ngowokuqala phakathi NIS

Zibizwa ngokwahlukileyo: "East Asia Tigers", "neempungutye ezincinane Asia", "ezine izingwe Asia". Konke oku - igama sikweni zelo qela ngamazwe ezifanayo. Sithetha eMzantsi Korea, Singapore, Taiwan kunye Hong Kong. Bonke wabonisa amazinga aphezulu kakhulu kuphuhliso loqoqosho wesithathu yokugqibela zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

Ngeminyaka yee-1950, South Korea ngenxa zonke ezibonisa phakathi kwamazwe amaninzi umva ehlabathini. Kwithuba elifutshane engama-30 yena wayekwazi ukwenza uvale elikhulu ukusuka ubuhlwempu ukuya phambili kakhulu. GDP nganye capita labantu ngeli xesha banda izihlandlo 385! Modern South Korea - ngumbindi ibalulekileyo mveliso imikhumbi nezeemoto eAsiya.

Noko ke, amazinga aphezulu ukukhula kwezoqoqosho ezine ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela zizakubalulwa Singapore (malunga ne-14% ngonyaka ngamnye). Eli lizwe ezincinane yenye amaziko oyile ukusulungekiswa inkulu ehlabathini. Ukongeza, inxaxheba ekuphuhliseni e Singapore kunye namashishini olusekelwe kulwazi. Impela kubakhenkethi ezimbalwa apha kwaye amazwe (ngaphezu kwezigidi ezisi-8 kunyaka ngamnye).

Amanye amazwe NIS - Hong Kong, kunye Taiwan - ngezinga elikhulu okanye elingaphantsi zixhomekeke kurhulumente Chinese. Kubalulekile ukuba uqoqosho mazwe bobabini nokhenketho. Taiwan - kuba lelona ziko enkulu ngeteknoloji entsha namandla enyukliya eAsiya. Kwaye ilizwe ubamba kwindawo yokuqala ehlabathini ekuveliseni elwandle offshore!

Ekuphetheni

Emva kokufunda eli nqaku, uya kuba nako ukuphendula ngokuchanileyo lo mbuzo: "? Leliphi ilizwe bobabo NIS" Kweli qela ngoku ubuncinane 16 ithi, apho zifumaneka Asia, Merika nase-Afrika.

NIS - iqela lamazwe ukuba babe eziliqela iimpawu ezizodwa. Oku, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, isantya ngokukhawuleza kokukhula kwezoqoqosho, ipesenti ephezulu mveliso lwesakhiwo GDP, bathathe inxaxheba kwisahlulo ngamazwe yabasebenzi, kwakunye nomtsalane ngokubanzi investment amazwe kuphuhliso loqoqosho yayo.