Reserve Fund ne National Russia Fund ntle

uqoqosho ngalinye Kumelwe nje nayo ethile kokhuseleko. Njengoko yembali amandla Russian, ngoko umjikelo olandelayo phezu namhlanje. Ekuqaleni yaxhasa uqoqosho olukhulu nokuzinzisa mali karhulumente, wadalwa ngo-2004. Ngowe-2008, oko laye lahlengahlengiswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye uqambe Reserve Fund kunye Fund Welfare yeSizwe. Wanga nokuqhubekeka eyiyo yenkqubo "mali yophuhliso", sidalelwe 1998 ukuya ngemali omkhulu iiprojekthi kwezoshishino ezazifanele ukuba baphumeze indima injini xa enengxaki.

Ingcamango ephambili yale Fund sokuZinzisa

"Imali Development" fomati innovative sinjalo Fund ichasene ngokupheleleyo uluvo angundoqo projekthi. Kuye ngokusekelwe ukuyilwa ebekelwe bucala, apho bekumele ukuba abuyekeze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, intsilelo mali ngenxa yokuyeka okungalindelekanga kwamaxabiso e-oyile, inzalo iingeniso dollar ngokugqithiseleyo kwiintengiso oyile. Ukulawulwa emali kufuneka yenziwe enkosi utyalo-asethi amazwe. Kwixesha eliphakathi, i sinjalo Fund kwafuneka abe reserve lokuphelisa yeengxaki ezinxulumene ne isakhiwo ngemali pension zoluntu. Enyanisweni le Fund Reserve kunye Fund Welfare kaZwelonke njenge-mali ezizodwa emali, nto leyo eli kusetyenziswa namhlanje ukuze uzinzise mali karhulumente ilahleko yengeniso. Yena ingasetyenziswa iimfuno karhulumente, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Kutheni Fund Russian?

Russian Reserve Fund kwabunjwa amashumi ezininzi ngenxa yokuba le mali karhulumente uxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimeko yeemeko zangaphandle. Ntle yombuso ixhomekeke amaxabiso emveliso ehlabathini. Namhlanje, xa ilizwe wabeka ukwayo ezinzima ukusuka eYurophu ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu imali oyile ukusuka kwiintengiso kuzo ezibalaseleyo Kwakugqitywa lwabiwo-mali, oko kuyanceda ukuze sisinde kule lizwe baqokelela uvimba. It ikuvumela ukuba ubambe umyinge wokuphelelwa lwemali kazwelonke uba isiseko ukuphunyezwa yezibophelelo kaRhulumente namanani oluntu. Ukuba Russia akabanga zolondolozo, eli lizwe kudala ujongene isenzeko lokungahlawuli.

Amanqanaba wokubonelelwa

Isigaba sokuqala sale zokusekwa kwe-Reserve Fund yasungulwa ngo-2003. akhawunti iye yasekwa, ezafumana nemali efunyenwe ukuthunyelwa kwemithombo yendalo. Emva koko chaza ukuba i-akhawunti ekhethekileyo wathumela Akwalinganiselwa evela kwintengiso oyile kunye inzuzo. Oko kukuthi, yonke imali yentengiso amafutha, leyo khange anikezelwe Ingxelo ngokwaneleyo nethemba. Isigaba sesibini lokusekwa reserve - kukudala Ukuzinziswa Fund ngo-2004, nto leyo inefuthe yinxalenye mali federal. Ngenxa yokuba uqoqosho lwasekhaya waba nomphetho onamandla kwimarike yemveliso, ukwakhiwa "kwabadla" yaba yimfuneko ukulungiselela inkqubela phambili yesizwe. Inyathelo lokugqibela ukuyilwa loovimba - i Reserve Fund kunye Fund Welfare yeSizwe.

Ukuqina abasebenzi Fund Economy

Anokubanakho kothunyelo kumazwe angaphandle kwelizwe enokuchatshazelwa kakhulu nomphetho ongqingqwa oyile negesi kumazwe angaphandle. Le meko ubeka nefuthe elibi kubume karhulumente, wamvunukela kumaziko imveliso, ezo ezithumela imveliso yazo kwiimalike. Uqoqosho wayivala umthombo mali ifomathi zendalo ngokuzithumela iimpahla kunye neenkonzo. Zonke Intsalela yemali engenayo uthintelwe yi petrodollars. I-Reserve Fund of Russia namhlanje linoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukulingana-mali federal, njengoko amaxabiso e-oli namhlanje, imiyalelo eziliqela ziwe ngaphantsi kwe kungekabekwa kunyaka mali 2014-2017 le. I-Foundation inoxanduva nomphetho owujikelezileyo kuphuphuma, ukunciphisa ifuthe kwamaxabiso, ukuphelisa imiphumo impembelelo kwiimalike zehlabathi ngokuxhoma amaxabiso zempahla ekrwada kuqoqosho lwesizwe. Uyakwazi ushwankathela khona kwaye kuqaqambisa msebenzi uphambili kwemali ezintathu:

• Zidlulela intsilelo mali Russian.
• Ukunqanda uphuhliso sifo Dutch kuqoqosho.
• Inkxaso mali yomhlalaphantsi kunye ukungqubana intsilelo Pension Fund.

ubutyebi Fund Injongo kunye nokungena nokuphuma kwemali

Theory - yenye into, kodwa wabanjwa kunye nembali lubonisa injongo reserve eyahlukileyo kancinci. Reserve Fund ayalwa ukuba unyanzeliso imbopheleleko eziphelayo uhlobo karhulumente ngoxa kuncitshiswa ingeniso evela oyile negesi candelo kuqoqosho. Ubungakanani zolondolozo esekwe kwi-10% ukubakwi ngokuza kulo nyaka-mali GDP. Ekuqaleni, lo nokuphuma kwemali zibhekiswa kwi-akhawunti kuNondyebo. Imali ezilahlekileyo ukusuka kwicandelo non-oyile ehlanganiswa ukuthumela imbalelwano imali nge-oyile negesi transfer. Oku kulandelwa ukuzaliswa Reserve Fund. Emva umthamo wayo uya kunxibelelana-10% yemali efunyenweyo, imali budget kwakhona kwi-National Welfare Foundation, nto leyo eya imbuyekezo-mali wokwehla umhlala-phantsi. Le mali eza kugcinwa ihleli kude kube lelo xesha nzuzo kusuka oyile negesi candelo kuqoqosho iya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Uninzi imali eyinkunzi reserve iguqulelwa asethi zemali kunye nemali. Le ityala nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye izibambiso, imali kunye namaziko ezemali amazwe.

Phi nokungena kwemali koovimba kweli lizwe?

Reserve Fund kunye Fund Welfare yeSizwe ezikhandelwa hayi kuphela inzuzo kwemfuneko ukusuka kwiintengiso oyile. capital wemvula kungenxa yokuba:

• irhafu kwimigodi;
• imisebenzi zokuthumela ngaphandle amafutha ekrwada;
• Imirhumo ebizwayo ezithumela imveliso kwi-oyile.

Omnye umthombo wengeniso - na ingeniso evela kulawulo yokugqibela. Reserve Fund ilawulwa ngokuthathela ingqalelo ubungakanani imali kwi-akhawunti ngamnye wavula nguNondyebo kwi-Central Bank. Yonke imicimbi credit kunye debit kwi-akhawunti olugcinwe yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMali ngokuhambelana nomthetho.

iindlela ezizodwa zolawulo Fund i

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla,-mali Welfare National lisebenza njengenxalenye mali federal. Kulo mzekelo, imali ulawulo reserve wenza ifomati eyahlukileyo kancinane kune-asethi zemali-mali federal. Ezona njongo ziphambili lolawulo lwemali ukuba ukhuseleko lwabo, kwakunye uzinzo kwinqanaba ingeniso wenguqu kwabo asethi kwithuba elide. Zonke ii-asethi apho imali kuguqulwa anezikhundla ngokucacileyo yi-Code mali ye-Russian Federation. Uncedo-mali Welfare yeSizwe ivela nangoko xa yenzekile eshotayo. Ulwazi malunga nokufumana kunye nenkcitho mali evela reserve nyanga nganye lipapashwa kumajelo eendaba.

Engqonge imali karhulumente Russian

I-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMali lazise uluntu malunga nento yokuba kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, i-mali Welfare kaZwelonke zanyuka yi malunga 51,3% yaye lakhula nge-72.9% reserve mali. Le mali eza kugcinwa liye landa nge-2.085 ezigidi engange, yaye ngoJanuwari 1, 2015, nangona umbhodamo okhoyo kwaba 4.945 billion. Ngokomthetho dollar, zombini ebekelwe bucala kuqikelelwa ziingcali kwi $ 165 yezigidi zezigidi. inzuzo entle, labenzela ithinzi ingxelo Accounting Chamber, elamiselwa Oktobha 2014. Ngokutsho arhente, lo gama kugcinwe nangokuhamba ukuwa kwamaxabiso e-oyile kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe kunye ukuthotywa uqoqosho kweli lizwe, Russian mali Welfare yeSizwe iza badiniwe kule minyaka mibini izayo.

Idatha yakutshanje ye-Ministry of Finance

Ngo April 1, 2015 ubungakanani Reserve Fund yaba 4.425 ezigidi engange, okanye 75.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Fund Welfare yeSizwe ilingana 4,436 ezigidi engange, okanye 74,35 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Ngenyanga ka Matshi sabhalwa ukunciphisa FNB 244 billion engange, kwaye Reserve Fund - engange 295 billion. Khumbula ukuba ekupheleni kuka Matshi, i Duma State yamkela lwabiwo lobunzima, ezibe kucacisiwe iimeko Unikezelo mali. Ngokutsho izibalo lokuqala, isixa reserve iya sele kuba phantsi 4,618 ezigidi engange ekupheleni kuka-2015. Kucetywa ukuba sichithe malunga 864,4 bhiliyoni engange ukwenzela uphuhliso lweeprojekthi zezibonelelo ezenzelwe ngokutsha loqoqosho lwesizwe.