Unepleurisy Tuberculous: Iindidi, Unobangela Kuxakekwe ngonyango

Kukho izifo ezininzi enokuchaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla yabantu. Abanye babo musa ukuma kakhulu isoyikiso empilweni, kodwa kukho abo babe neengxaki ezinzulu ukuhla umgangatho wobomi kumguli. Enye yezi unepleurisy tuberculous, nabo sadibana kwinqaku namhlanje bethu. Qwalasela izizathu uphuhliso yayo, iintlobo kunye nonyango olucetyiswayo.

Yintoni unikwa isifo

Kule sifo sizibonakalisa yi nangokurhala etsolo, ezinganyangekiyo okanye yomhla nezolo pleural. isifo kubonakala emva yokosulelwa tuberculosis ephilayo.

unepleurisy Tuberculous ngokuqhelekileyo kuchaphazela inwebu serous eyenza kwisisu pleural bagubungele emiphungeni. Esi sifo kakhulu ngokwaneleyo, ukulwa nayo iye kuqhubeka eminyaka, kodwa namhlanje likakade kusengenzeka.

Ingozi yalo sifo kukuba ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabantu, ukwandisa izinga lokufa. Ndiye ndaphawula ukuba kaninzi esi sifo livela ebuntwaneni. Unepleurisy of umyalezo tuberculous igcwele ukusasazeka iintsholongwane wonke umzimba, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuphazamiseka zonke iinkqubo omzimba, ngoko ke msinyane esi sifo owona unyango, i olusebenzayo ngakumbi.

iindlela zophuhliso izifo

Le ngezifo iye iindlela ezimbini zophuhliso:

1. Exudative pleuritis umyalezo tuberculous iphuhlise ukuba pleura kuchaphazela izinto eziyityhefu arhente causative kunye neemveliso yokubola kwithishyu. kwisisu Pleural kulo mzekelo iqulethe imali encinane iintsholongwane. Le Pathogenesis nga kuqatshelwe ukuba uvakalelo kwandisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ephilayo intsholongwane ebangela isifo, ukukhula iphenjelelwa esandulelayo usulelo flow isifo sephepha. Emva kokungena kokuba iintsholongwane kwi pleura iqala olwenzeka ngokukhawuleza ulwelo.
2. Isixhobo Uphuhliso yesibini - kukukrala pleura kunye nokusekwa tubercles, olubakho xa iintsholongwane engena ubunzima ekuye kwagxilwa kuyo kwemiphunga okanye iindawo nkovu thoracic.

Njengoko pathogen kusichukumisa kuloo ndawo ibinomthwebeba pleural

Kukho iindlela ezininzi apho inegciwane tubercle angangena kwisisu pleural:

1. Pin. Kulo mzekelo, ukungena luphumba nakujoliso olutsha emiphungeni zilahlwe phantsi iqokobhe.
2. indlela Lymphogenous kubandakanya isasazeka iimpahla emithanjeni.
3. ukwanda Hematogenous - izithuthi ngokusebenzisa imithambo yegazi.

Indlela yophuhliso sifo ukudumba kwi sheets pleural, ukuqokelelana leukocytes kunye kwii-kuloo ndawo ibinomthwebeba pleural.

unepleurisy Exudate tuberculous unokuba yendalo ezahlukeneyo:

• Ezinezikhondo.
• Serous.
• Wamagazi.
• Ubovu.

Ukuba unyango asiphumeleli, ngoko effusion ekugqibeleni serous usombulula, okanye izityalo ezinezikhondo nokuqina lihlasela iziqalelo phezu komhlaba pleura kunye nefom amabala uzaleke.

Izinto ezibangela unepleurisy tuberculous

Tuberculous unepleurisy lung ibhekisa izifo zophendlo lwezifo ezikhula ngenxa yosulelo okanye isifo emiphungeni. I-umyalezo we unepleurisy ke iintlobo ezininzi, yaye nganye izizathu zayo kuphuhliso.

Izinto ezibangela zokugula:

• Ezibangelwa amagciwane, ezifana staphylococci, gram-negative microflora.
• Iintsholongwane kunye nezinambuzane emzimbeni, ingakumbi xa ngasekhohlo unyango.
• HIV Isifo sephepha ikakhulu ngohlobo yeentsasa.
• zifo fungal: candidiasis, blastomycosis.
• Negcushuwa, icesina kunye nesifo sokuphunza kungabangela uphuhliso sifo.

Unako kwakhona umnxeba oonobangela non-esosulelayo:

• Ukuba kukho ithumba emiphungeni, namadlala mammary, zamaqanda.
• iqhosha miphungeni.
• I-pancreatitis, wegazi.

Oogqirha idla iqela eyahlukileyo yezizathu ezingaziwayo engabangela unepleurisy tuberculous:

• Ukwenzakala.
• Ukwenzakala, ezifana emqaleni.
• Surgery.

Kuxhomekeka unobangela sifo ziqala azibonakalisa kunye neempawu, kodwa kuqala kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ezininzi sifo, nabo azibonakalisa ngokwahlukileyo.

Ucalulo neentlobo kwegazi

Xa siqwalasela iimpawu ze-Pathogenesis esi sifo, kuba ayinabantu unepleurisy tuberculosis ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

1. Negazi.
2. Isifo sephepha of pleura.
3. Perifocal.

Iindidi lokuqala sifo ubonakala imvelaphi uvakalelo elinqatyisiweyo eziphilayo. Le peculiarity yale hlobo unepleurisy kuba phambi intlungu kunye nokwanda okukhawulezileyo ulwelo. Kodwa ke amandla eguqulweyo ngokubaxwa i ezifana ekhawulezileyo.

Kwimeko yokuba nokusasazwa inani elikhulu amaziko amancinane kunye elikhulu ekuphuhliseni pleura sephepha. Ngokufuthi olu hlobo lwesifo luphawulwa caseous-necrotic impendulo olubanzi. unepleurisy Tuberculous yale hlobo uthathwa ukuba kakhulu mandundu.

uhlobo Perfokalny olubakho xa ukudumba isasazeka ukusuka emiphungeni ukuya pleura. Exudate bangaqokelela kwindawo encinane okanye enkulu inani iintsholongwane abafunyenwe kuwo azisoloko, kodwa kuthatha olu hlobo ixesha elide yaye ngokufuthi yomhla nezolo.

Ngomhla ukuhlelwa esi sifo sichaphazela ubume ngakumbi pleural. Kuxhomekeka kolu khupho:

• Fibrinous okanye owomileyo.
• effusion Tuberculous pleural.
• Ubovu.

I ukungaqheleki kuqala kwenzeka, njengoko umthetho, kwezinye iindawo pleura, apho ezifakwe nemidzaluka fibrin. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo pleura ulahlekelwa ngobuqhophololo yayo. Olu hlobo lwesifo kakhulu esinokunyangwa lula ukuba ngexesha layo ekuqaleni.

effusion Pleural yi kubonakaliswa malunga fibrotic lwengqondo. Phantse nangoko uqala cell fluid inxaxheba yaye inokuqokelelana kwisisu pleural. Kukho amaxesha xa iqala uhlobo owomileyo, leyo ihlangana kunye exudative.

Ubovu ukwakha umlinganiswa ephucukileyo. Pleura kwenzeka ngenxa ngokoyiswa hit ithamo MBT okanye ukwaphula kujoliswe subpleural.

Ukuba unepleurisy of umyalezo tuberculous, solo zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezininzi:

• Gciwane. Phuhlisa emva kokuba wadibana lwesikhumba, Pneumococcal, bacilli TB emiphungeni.
• Noninfectious tuberculosis unepleurisy kuphuhliswa ngokuchasene nentsukaphi umhlaza wemiphunga, rheumatism kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi.
• unepleurisy Idiopathic eyenzeke ngenxa yezizathu ncam.

Ingaqala kwenzeka ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kakhulu idla ifomu, subacute kunye ezondeleyo. Ngamnye iimpawu zawo.

kubonakaliswa izifo

Ngohlobo ngalunye unepleurisy luphawulwa iimpawu zayo. Owomileyo tubercular iimpawu unepleurisy zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Uyaphi ukusasazeka limfatogennoe kosulelo.
• Kukho intlungu esifubeni. Xa uphefumlela ngaphakathi kuyo ziyanyuswa kwaye kungabangela nokuthimla, ukukhohlela.
• iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni Ukwandiswa.
• Lilonke kukho ubuthathaka kwinkqubo yokuqulunqa sifo.
• Ukunxila kwenzeka.
• Ukwehla imnyama.
• ubunzima Ukuncipha.

Imiqondiso yokuqala musa kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa isifo kwangoko, ngoko intlungu de ukuxilongwa nzima. Kunye nophuhliso sifo intlungu siqine, kukho iimeko nkqu zokulahleka sezingqondweni.

Symptomatology unepleurisy owomileyo na neuralgia efana kakhulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba wenze isifo mahluko kwixesha. Ukuba kukho unepleurisy owomileyo, isigulane uzama kulala kwelinye icala, kodwa intlungu nangakumbi kuphela.

Ukuba ugqirha uza kuva imbonakalo intlungu, ngoko uva ingxolo evela iimpikiswano zochuku le pleura. Ukuxilonga olu hlobo unepleurisy ngokufuthi yi iimvavanyo kwegazi lutshitshe.

uhlobo Exudative ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Yokuswela amandla, umkhuhlane.
• lobushushu emzimbeni Ukunyuka ukuya degrees 38-39.
• Khohlo.
• Kome emlonyeni.
• iintlungu esifubeni evela lizwe gciwane.

Lidla loo effusion na ikhondo ebukhali, kodwa kukho amaxesha xa abantwana okanye abafikisayo sifo nazimpawu kwaye kubonakele kuphela emva kokuba iimviwo phecana eliphezulu zemiphunga.

Emva ukwenyuka kolwelo em- pleural ye iimpawu kungancitshiswa, oko ihlala kuphela ecaleni womxhuzulane. Isixa ulwelo unako ukufikelela iilitha ezimbini. Kulo mzekelo, intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, abantwana uyakwazi ukutshintsha umbala eluswini, zibe ecubhukile, luthuthu yaye ngokufuthi ulale kwicala elinye.

Symptomatology ubovu unepleurisy na alunako ukutshintshwa yokubonisa ezibuthathaka yomguli, kodwa kukho intlungu ecaleni lakhe, ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuthathaka kunye nomkhuhlane. imeko isoloko mandundu kangangokuba isigulana alunako ukuphuma emandlalweni.

Iimpawu zenyathi unepleurisy

Siye safumanisa ukuba kukho kwakhona iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela unepleurisy, nayo leyo azibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Perifocal uneempawu oluncinane:

• intlungu okuphakathi esifubeni.
• A ubuthathaka encinane.
• Ngoxa ndiphulaphule ingxolo encinane esifubeni sakhe.

Oku zenyathi unepleurisy kuyoluka kunye likakade rhoqo, ukuba kukho zemali ulwelo, ezi mpawu sele ucaca ngakumbi:

• iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni Ukwandiswa.
• ukubila olomeleleyo.
• Phuhlisa tachycardia.

unepleurisy uyalisa livela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Le ubushushu degrees mathathu anesithoba.
• Tachycardia.
• olwenzeka ngokukhawuleza ulwelo.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ubungqongqo inhalation nentlungu ecaleni kwakhe.

Ezi iimpawu ngokukhawuleza abonakale kwaye shwaka ngokunjalo.

Xa kuphuhliswa tuberculosis le pleura, uphawu kuye:

• Iqondo lobushushu nivuke ku degrees mane.
• ukubila kakhulu.
• Ubuhlungu ecaleni kwakhe.
• ukukhohlela Dry.
• dyspnea ephuculweyo.

Ukuba luhlobo ezingapheliyo, yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba unepleurisy tuberculous:

• Imvakalelo yokuswela umoya.
• Kwi entanyeni mbile imithambo, neendawo nkovu.
• Cyanosis imilebe.

Xa imiqondiso isigulane kufuneka wabalekiselwa esibhedlele. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu kunye ezi mpawu akazange ahlale emva kweevili ezijikelezayo, ke kungcono ukuba umntu afowune "yezigulane" Ukuba awukwazi ukuba wena esibhedlele.

uphethwe

Ukuba kukho tuberculous unepleurisy uphethwe nzima. Ugqirha ukwenza uphethwe nje Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba esi sifo ubonakala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ukuba baqhube izifundo ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yazo zonke idatha ukuba yintoni na unobangela. Sifo ibandakanya:

1. isigulane survey kulo mbandela yezikhalazo.
2. Ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga ezibonisa ukupeyinta kwesi sifo.
3. Zokwenza uvavanyo tuberculin.
4. iimviwo Radiographic wachaza utshintsho ijwabu semiphunga.
5. Uvavanyo igazi utyhila ukwakhiwa leukocytes, ingakumbi utshintsho ngokukhawuleza egazini ngokohlobo ubovu pleuritis.
6. Urinalysis ibhaqa phambi protini. Ukuba ikhona, uxilongo icacile.
7. Bronchoscopy uyakwazi ukubona isifo loloyiko inyumoniya.
8. exudate uphando. Ukuba unepleurisy tuberculous, ngoko kukho inxalenye kwiproteni, yaye iswekile lifinyele.
9. amazinga aphezulu titers lezibulala kwi abasabela ngayo IHA, Ifa iza kubonisa ubukho isifo sephepha.
10. Ngenxa Itomography wagqiba umyalezo unepleurisy.

Kuphela emva kokuba uqinisekiswe une "unepleurisy tuberculous", unyango emiselwe ugqirha.

therapy izifo

Ukumelana nesi sifo, ngoku lixesha kubalulekile ukuqaphela kwaye uqale unyango. Abaninzi bayazibuza: unepleurisy tuberculous ezosulelayo okanye akunjalo?

Sisifo esosulelayo, kwaye ukuba isikhohlela iqulathe inkumbula yeentsholongwane ngezifo, isigulane enjalo yingozi kwabanye. Therapy kufuneka wenziwe kuphela kwikliniki isifo sephepha.

Therapy kufuneka kuqala ukukhuthaza inkqubo ukutshatyalaliswa yokuyekwa kwithishyu. Ukwenza oku, nika:

• "Rifampicin".
• "Pyrazinamide".
• "Ethambutol".

Ubude unyango lwe ichiza ubuncinane iinyanga ezisibhozo, ukuba naye unesifo sephepha yemiphunga, elo thuba ukuze kwandiswa ukuya kwiminyaka emibini.

Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba abe nempumelelo ekulweni nezifo kwamagciwane corticosteroids, ezifana "Prednisolone".

Ukuze ngokulula ziyahlangana yayo yesiqhelo, kuyimfuneko ukuba sifeze nokugalela amanzi ukuthintela ukuyilwa lamanqanaba.

Unyango unepleurisy tuberculous nako wenziwe ukusetyenziswa immunostimulants, ezifana mithi "Levamisole", "Taktivin".

Ukuba unyango lwezempilo ixesha elide ayiniki iziphumo zayo, kuyimfuneko ukuba bangabheneli uqhaqho.

Ngexesha unyango kufuneka ihambelane alale nedayethi kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo. Ufuna ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ityuwa kunye nokutya ezinetyuwa, nisele ngaphantsi ulwelo, ukuba andise ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso ezinomthamo elikhulu protein kunye neevithamini.

zokuthintela izifo

Ukuze ungekho wabuya unepleurisy tuberculous, unyango asifuneki, kubalulekile ukuba athobele imiqathango zokuthintela. TB sisifo zoluntu ezinxulumene ngqo umgangatho wobomi babantu. inkathazo sendyikitya isifo sephepha kwabangela ukwehla kweemeko zentlalo-qoqosho, ukuhla kumgangatho wokuphila labemi, umsebenzi kweenkqubo yokufuduka.

Ukuze kuthintelwe kunokwenzeka ukuncoma zikhokelo zilandelayo:

1. Mahanyelo amanyathelo othintelo kwaye anti-bhubhane rhoqo.
2. Ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuhlola isifo kwizigulane kunye nokubonelela iziyobisi kuthomalaliso.
3. Qiniseka ukwenza uxilongo lwezonyango ingqesho kwiindawo ukuba ezimbi ukuze izilwanyana isifo sephepha.
4. Urhulumente kufuneka inike iindawo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo zokuphila, izigulane nesifo sephepha esebenzayo ingakumbi xa bathe bahlala zokulala okanye iintsapho ezincinane.
5. ugonyo elisisinyanzelo kubelekwa.
6. Eziqhutshwa ngonyaka esifubeni X-reyi emiphungeni.
7. Xa uphawu yokuqala sifo kufuneka ukutyelela ugqirha.

Ukuthobela la manyathelo alula othintelo kuya kunciphisa izehlo isifo kwaye kunceda ukuchonga kwi kusekwangoko yophuhliso, xa unyango kakhulu ngempumelelo.

Umntu ngamnye ngokwakhe ngokuyintloko unoxanduva impilo yabo. Akukho mfuneko kwi uphawu yokuqala oluthile ekuzithembeni, senjenjalo thina sivumele zingabameli "zintshula kuloo amalungelo abo", yaye esi sifo uqala inkqubela. Kuphela ugqirha oqeqeshwe yenza ukuxilongwa yaye linyanzelise unyango olusebenzayo.