Uphi Cathedral Vladimir kaThixo (Chersonese)?

Isixeko samandulo Chersonesos - yolondolozo lwembali zakudala ngokubaluleka zesizwe. Oku ukwakweli kummandla Sevastopol, kwaye indawo apho Orthodox kwafikela yonke laseRashiya. Ukwamkelwa ubuKristu Prince Vladimir yayibanjelwe isonto, amabhodlo apho zifumaneka zakudala e Ukumba Chersonesos (Korsun).

ukumba

uphando zakudala kwi Bay Ahtiarskoy waqalisa ngexesha Prince Potemkin, esiziswe butho yakhe Russian kuqala. Ngokutsho kummiselo ngoko nangoko baqalisa ukwakha inqaba Sevastopol, koko wathi Akhtiar. Uqhekekile ekusingasiqithi sele itsale umdla omkhulu phakathi mbali kunye romantics, kwaye abakhi practical. Enye wabancina amanxuwa angunaphakade, iindonga yokugqibela waqhaqhwa amatye izakhiwo ezitsha.

Ngowe-1799, uPawulos Sumarokov wabhala wathi: "... yokuthatyathwa evela nezemarmore, ilitye, iintsika, cornices. Sevastopol zonke ngoceliweyo yokugqibela ingqalutye Chersonese Ancient ... In Hersonissos Akhtiar bemba yonke nezivatho zabo. " Abahambi, Abalawuli, ababhali kuncwina ukutshatyalaliswa isixeko samandulo, nto leyo mhlawumbi umzekelo yokuqala yengcinezelo uluvo zikarhulumente izakhiwo zikarhulumente. Ngowe-1805, uMlawuli Alexander I umthetho, nto leyo wayalela ukukhusela Tauris yamandulo bayitya. Loo nto ayizange ayeke ngokupheleleyo yonke ubusela, kodwa yehla kakhulu isikali zabo.

Qokelela uze uhlele Chersonese samandulo olwaqala ngo-1803. Xa liphulo Marquis de ii wavula imyuziyam encinane phantsi kokhuselo karhulumente, leyo ifumana zakudala evela ehlabathini lonke, kuquka kuLwandle Black. Kamva, ngowe-1839, oko wadalwa yi Odessa Society of History and Antiquities, amalungu ngenkuthalo bafuna ukuba ikhethe amabandla Orthodox emideni yonke kuLwandle Black.

Imisebenzi ye-nxaxheba inkampani iihambo zakudala of Tauris yamandulo kwatsala ingqalelo kweenkokeli zecawa, yaye ngowe-1850 Tsar Nicholas ndavuma ekubuyiselweni iitempile yamandulo. Ngenxa yoko, woonongendi kwavulwa kummandla kulendawo. Ethetha-ngqangi, iimonki baba ngabembi ngenyameko ubungqina kunye ezifunyaniswe abantu ngolangazelelo olukhulu. Omnye wabo Bala Uvarov, imisebenzi yakhe kwafunyanwa kwindlu yonqulo inkulu yamandulo ebhanyabhanya kakuhle igcinwe. Emva kokuba bethintelwe umsebenzi ngakumbi baqala, omnye emva komnye Russian-Turkish kunye iCrimea War.

Cathedral Bookmark

Ngexesha wokhuselo yokuqala Sevastopol (iminyaka 1854-1855) cloisters awuthimba umkhosi French, ukuze kuxhotyiswe kwizikhundla zabo yokulwa apha. Ngexesha kokukhutshwa zonke izakhiwo zatshatyalaliswa yi bechuba. Ukuhlolisisa ezinye Chersonese emva kokuba onke amanyathelo wamajoni lwabonisa ukuba umonakalo wayengekho kukhulu njengoko bekucingwa.

Ukubuyiselwa woonongendi kwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba iCrimea kweMfazwe, umphathi woonongendi yaba Archimandrite Eugene. thazeka zakhe kwakhiwa iicawa ezimbini, refectory, ihotele, isakhiwo rectory, izindlu. Archimandrite ikwazile umdla usapho yobukumkani kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo woonongendi.

Ngowe-1861, uMlawuli Alexander II wayinika izinto ezingcwele isigodlo St. Prince Vladimir wenza umnikelo omkhulu ukulahlwa intsimbi kunye beza ukubeka ilitye yokuqala ekwakheni ikamva le Vladimir Cathedral (Chersonese). Ukwakhiwa kuqalile kwi ndawo kwindlu yonqulo omdala, yafunyanwa ngama Count Uvarov, apho, ngokutsho imibono, kwaye saint wabhaptizwa Rus.

zokwakha

Cathedral St. Vladimir e-Chersonese wawusakhiwa wezakhiwo D. I. Grimma. Ewe, uThixo unyule engqongqo style yaseByzantium ukuba icawa njengomfuziselo ekuqhubekekeni phakathi kweendlela ezimbini kunye nenkolo omnye. Ukwakhiwa kancane. Le imali yecawa ziqokelelwe umrhumo lonke eRashiya iminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Ukuqala imisebenzi yokwakha yaqala ngo-1861 kwaye yayiqhubeka de 1892.

Iindonga zakhiwa ngeenxa amabhodlo ye itempile yamandulo. Zonke isithuba esinexabiso umgangatho ugqunywe emnyama engwevu Carrara nezemarmore, ifihla isiseko lamandulo ngaphantsi kwalo. Kuloo ndawo apho nokwafumanekayo ngefonti, apho, ngokutsho legend, kukho ubhaptizo kakumkani Russian, ugqibe ifaka kuzo ilitye elimhlophe, uyibeka ngohlobo i umnqamlezo Orthodox. Phambi ifonti olwalubekwe etafuleni, kujongwe ukuba babeke izinto ezingcwele St. Prince Vladimir. Font kunye etafuleni zaye ezikhuselweyo emkhusaneni oqingqiweyo ka namhlophe.

Ngexesha ekugqityweni Cathedral St. Vladimir kaThixo (Chersonese) wayengomnye yeetempile ezinkulu Russia, kunye ngokubaluleka ubomi bokomoya njengabongamileyo ezingcwele ezininzi.

Ibandla elisezantsi

Emva nokwakha kwathabatha iminyaka emininzi phambi kokuba umsebenzi kwaqala kwi nohombisoa Kumbindi Cathedral St. Vladimir kaThixo (Chersonese). Imbali kweqonga lokugqibela isakhiwo ecaweni baqalisa kuphela olwandulela 900th wesikhumbuzo kubhiyozelwa uBhaptizo Russia. Ngu ekuqaleni yemibhiyozo eludongeni painting zange ugqibile ngenxa yoko 1888 linikezelwa kuphela ibandla ephantsi azinikele Yokuzalwa of ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary, apho wonke umsebenzi liphelile kwaye wabeka ezibaziweyo iconostasis oqingqiweyo ka ke umkroli odumileyo V. Koretsky.

Umsebenzi ziyo yamatye-abaqingqi abo yaba lesikhumbuzo ku ePrince Vladimir, ezenziwe emarmore zifakelwe ebandleni asezantsi. Masters gxebe, ungamconganga owakhe imikhosi kunye yokutyiwa Carrara zemabhile ngamatye amabhodlo kwitempile yamandulo ibekwe ebandleni asezantsi.

Imisebenzi kwi yecawa

Ibandla engundoqo anikelwa phantsi kwesa- womzobi N. Chagin. Paintings babulawa adibeneyo amagcisa, phakathi kwabo A. KORZUKHIN, Prokofiev, Makin kunye nezinye ngaphakathi ezihonjiswe nemisebenzi abaculi ngenkulungwane ye-19 -. FN Riesz, TA E.Sorokinym Neff, Levitan et al. Icons Cathedral zaye zabhalwa, Maikov N. et al.

Nawokugqiba amatye yesandla seengcibi Italian kunye nabazalwana Baskarini J. Skeppi. Bayibeka phantsi kaMoses kwi yecawa, iconostasis eqokelelweyo wacwangcisa iintsika marble ecaleni solea wenza ezininzi neminye imisebenzi ngamatye. Kuba umhombiso sizilibazise iinzame kunye nezibonelelo ezisetyenziswa Carrara nezemarmore, ebeka iteknoloji inlay ezizodwa ngamaqhekeza ezinemibala. Ngokutsho ngawabo, ubuhle ngokungaqhelekanga.

ubungcwele ibandla eliphezulu kwenzeka ngo-1891, kodwa ke ukugqitywa ngokupheleleyo yonke uhombiso langaphakathi lwagqitywa iminyaka emithathu kuphela - ngo-1894-m. Ekunene ngaphandle yecawa yamiselwa imbeko Aleksandra Nevskogo ngo-1892, ekhohlo - imbeko yaseSt Andreya Pervozvannogo. Inani elikhulu nabasemzini yimiqodi ukuya Cathedral entsha iSt Vladimir e-Chersonese. Izinto ezingcwele St. Vladimir bafika emva ngokubekwa isisiseko isiseko kwesibingelelo, amasuntswana ezinye 115 abangcwele batshintshelwa ibandla.

Ekupheleni yonke imisebenzi Vladimir Cathedral ngumbutho umxhelo. Wadubula phezulu ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha 36, umthamo yayo yangaphandle yaba 20.5 cc. imitha ethatha indawo ye malunga 1.7 square metres, ubukhulu be lwesakhiwo engundoqo obeziimitha 1.5, ukuphakama lomnqamlezo - phantse neemitha ezi-3. Xa Cathedral ukuba sithandaze kunye na indawo ukuya ku amawaka 1 amarhamente.

emva kwempi

Umzabalazo unqulo emva 1917 watshabalalisa iitempile ezininzi zamandulo nezigodlo. Okumiselwe Vladimir Cathedral Chersonesos kwakungelula kakhulu. Ngowe-1923 woonongendi wayeka umsebenzi kunye indawo zinikwe kulawulo wesixeko. Abasemagunyeni baye bagqiba ekubeni amalungiselelo kwi Cathedral ka Kherson isebe yimyuziyam. Ukuvumelana itempile phantsi imisebenzi emitsha ukuba ibekwe yinxalenye mboniso ezinikelwe architecture ecaweni ukusuka kudala ukuya kumaXesha Aphakathi, ezantsi yokugcina wadala eziqokelelwa imyuziyam.

IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic wabeka Chersonese kunye Sevastopol embindini umlo. NgoJuni 22 imikhosi yaseJamani ebezihamba kokujoliswe. umboniso Museum ungxamile, babalekela eCaucasus. Ngowe-1942, ngexesha ukulwa esitalatweni olwenzeke ngenkxaso zokudubula utshaba, oko eyonakeleyo lwesakhiwo le yecawa. Inxalenye ngomboniso abasebenzi lolondolozo lwembali akazange abe ixesha kuphunywe kwendawo. Uhlala exposure baseJamani ukuba uceba ukuthatha ngaphandle, yaye zipakishwe bhokisi yokuhamba, kodwa izicwangciso zange ndaqonda.

Ngexesha kokurhoxa abahlaseli isenzo zokonakaliswa - geni, baqupha ukuvuthela loo Cathedral. The Dome ziwile, atshabalalise ngokupheleleyo wonke imigangatho, ziye hit kanzima esekelwe nanto, zalaba amalungu zokwakha. The degree of ntshabalalo eziphakamileyo kakhulu, yaye ixesha elide kwaba umbuzo malunga ngokubuyiselwa kwento yenkcubeko. Isiphelo sakhe kwagqitywa kuphela ngo-1961: IKomishoni weza wafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba ibandla eli ukuba zibuyiselwe, kwaye kufuneka lidilizwe ngokupheleleyo. Ekhusela mai yanikelwa uNjingalwazi K. N. Afanasev - ke ecetywayo ukulondoloza into kwaye yenze imyuziyam. Mpikiswano kunye nokusebenza nelidangeleyo kwaqhubeka de 80s.

ixesha Iingxaki

Ngu ekuqaleni mpikiswano ngokutsha nangakumbi, kodwa uza kube umhla ebalulekileyo - Millennium le Ubhaptizo of Russia, kwaye kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuqalisa ekubuyiselweni olusebenzayo lobungcwele. Le projekthi yenziwa Ukrainian Institute "Ukrprojectrestoration", inkokeli qela EI Osadchy. Ngokutsho lo mbono kunye nesicwangciso lwaxhomekeka ekubuyiselweni ngokupheleleyo isonto kunye amathuba inkonzo apho.

Ngomhla yale holide, akukho nto iye yatshintsha, kodwa yavuma projekthi. Ukwakhiwa kunye nokubuyiselwa imisebenzi wathuma omnye izakhiwo zokuqala zokwakha yorhwebo - lwentsebenziswano "Hersonissos", kodwa isicwangciso akuphumelelanga - kwaqalisa sokonakalisa USSR. Temple waya Ukraine, kwaye isigqibo elithile leKhabinethi ukuba kuphawula isikhumbuzo 2000th wokuzalwa kukaKristu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwagqitywa ekubeni yokwaba imali ukuze kubuyiselwe iSt Vladimir Cathedral Chersonesos.

nokuphakanyiswa

Service ebandleni yaqalwa 1992, loo mnikelo wokuqala kubantu wavela intsapho uMongameli yesibini ka Ukraine Z Kuchma ngo-1988, naye wathabatha phantsi kweliso lobuqu bonke abasebenzi. Isigaba esebenzayo yaqala kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka wama-2000. Xa imisebenzi ukubuyiselwa zilandelayo ubugcisa bale mihla, nto leyo yanceda kakhulu ukuphelisa itempile iphambili ingxaki - Arch kophahla ezingazinzanga. Ngeli xesha, i inqaba yamandulo zaphoswa injalo. I layigubungela uphahla tiles zobhedu, uphindaphinde isithethe yaseByzantium loyilo.

Emva ukubuyiselwa kwakukho ukwakhiwa esinyanisekileyo emnqamlezweni kwawo webandla engundoqo. Msitho kwaye nowokumisela umnqamlezo waqhuba Metropolitan of Kiev kunye All Ukraine Vladimir Beatitude. Lo msitho wawuzinyaswe ngamagosa aphezulu kwaba bobabini ithi - L. D. Kuchma kunye V. Putin. Ukwahlula Cathedral elihlaziyiweyo St. Vladimir senziwa ngo-2004.

intsimbi

Kuba okokuqala emva konyaka 77- wenkonzo hiatus Easter kwi Cathedral lwagqitywa ngo May 2005. Iindawo yabalasela ilizwi ezintsimbi ezinkulu unxweme. Yena, naye, iye imbali yayo. cast lwakhe kwezikhali esindayo zafakwa ngexesha lemfazwe Russian-Turkish ngo-1776 kwaye ifakwe woonongendi.

Ngexesha iCrimea War, isiFrentshi nisithimbile woonongendi, emveni bonke na ixhoba ethathwe intsimbi e Paris. Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva ke wafunyanwa kwi belfry isonto of Notre Dame. Ngowe-1913, njengoko umqondiso ubudlelwane obuhle phakathi kwezizwe, intsimbi babuyiselwa eRashiya, apho ofakiweyo ku belfry le Vladimir Cathedral Chersonese.

Nangona woonongendi enza, waba kuphela amarhamente ibandla, kodwa isandi yaba sisibane ngokuba iinqanawa elwandle. Ukuva oku jingle, oomatiloshe babona ukuba basondele kunxweme yingozi, izele ngamatye ezibukhali. Ngowe-1925, xa ukuvalwa woonongendi, zonke iintsimbi yasuswa kwaye omnye wabo ifakiwe kwiipali ezikhethekileyo eselunxwemeni, apho yena bayiphosa ilothe kwimozulu esibi. Kamva afika ukuba intsimbi enye, uphose ngenkulungwane ye-18.

khondo lakhe umzimba iimfazwe ezimbini kwi 60s yathathwa ulwimi, yaye walahlekelwa Bell ilizwi lakhe losindiso. Wena uve isandi sayo kunokwenzeka kuphela ngoncedo amatye, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abantwana basekhaya. Jikelele sendlela esezantsi yentsimbi, kwaye ngoku kunokwenzeka ukwahlula mbhalo samandulo eyenziwa script endala Russian.

A uphawu kwenye iipayiloni axhasayo ngokufutshane ubalisa ibali lakhe ukususela ekudalweni ukubuyela eParis. I-Easter leholide waphila kuphela woonongendi, Cathedral, kodwa intsimbi eziphawula ukuqala ubomi obutsha.

reviews

Izimvo Cathedral iSt Volodymyr kaThixo (Chersonese), zokuhlala yamandulo zonke Reserve ngasekhohlo HIV kuphela. Abakhenkethi bayathetha ubuhle ezimangalisayo emaphandleni, ezininzi iziza zembali kunye zakudala, uninzi lwazo ezigcinwe ngokugqibeleleyo. Cathedral ngobambana izakhiwo ubungqongo umphandle kunye nokuphuculwa finishes abazizityebi ingaphakathi.

Iindwendwe efika inkonzo yecawa, uthethe ngale umoya engaphakathi yokomoya ukubandakanyeka kwimbali, imvo ngokunxulumene izizukulwana zamanyange. Akukho ukubuyekeza ezimbi, ezinye ezichongiweyo kuphela inani elikhulu neendwendwe ngexesha xesha leeholide, efuna ukubona ebekelwe kunye Cathedral St. Vladimir kaThixo (Chersonese). Photo of amanxuwa angunaphakade kunye itempile ezihonjiswe albhamu zabakhenkethi ezininzi.

inkcazelo eluncedo

Itempile nengcwele na oya kumtyelela ngalo naliphi na ixesha lonyaka. In Vladimir Cathedral (Chersonese) ishedyuli lweenkonzo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• inkonzo ngokuhlwa iqala ngo 17:00 (Mon, Tues, Thurs).
• Morning inkonzo at 07:30 (Wed, Lwes).
• Iinkonzo Shabbat: inkonzo iqala ngo 08:00, nilinde - at 16:00.
• Sunday Mass: 06:00 kusasa, emva at 09:00, inkonzo ngokuhlwa iqala ngo 17:00.

kufuneka phi ngokukhethekileyo Cathedral St. Vladimir e-Chersonese? Idilesi Indawo: Street Old, Ukwakha 1.

Ukuya khona, kufuneka ukuqhuba le usingasiqithi Hersonissos ngaphakathi kwimida Sevastopol. Oku kunokwenziwa ngeteksi, iindleko zohambo ukusuka embindini ukuya reserve iya kuba ukususela engange-150 ukuya 200.

Indlela ukufikelela St Volodymyr kaThixo Cathedral (Chersonese) ngezithuthi zikawonke? Option ezimbini:

• Ukususela uloliwe / kwisikhululo sikaloliwe ngu ebhasini №№ 6 okanye 10 stop "nguDmitry Ulyanov Street."
• Wetekisi №№ 112, 107, 110 okanye 109 ukuba ayeke "Street nguDmitry Ul'yanova".

Ukususela ikuthintele kufuneka uye kwicala elwandle ukuya kuhlangana kunye esitratweni "Intshabalalo yaMandulo", apho yena a bucala kunye yoonongendi neetempile. Ungafumana iinkcukacha imvelaphi kwi Vladimir Cathedral Chersonese. Inombolo yoqhagamshelwano yefoni kwi indawo esemthethweni nto.