Yintoni isangqa njengomlinganiselo wejometri: iimpawu ezisisiseko neempawu

Ngokuqhelekileyo, cinga ukuba yintoni isangqa, jonga kwi-ring or hoop. Ungathatha ingilazi ejikelezayo kunye nekomityi, uyibeke phantsi kwiphepha uze ulijikeleze nge pensile. Ngenxa yokwanda okwanda, umgca ozayo uza kuba yinyani kwaye ingabi nakwiiyo, kwaye imida yayo iya kuphazamiseka. Isangqa njengomfanekiso wejometri awunalo uphawu olufana nobunzima.

Ingqungquthela: inkcazo kunye neendlela ezisisiseko zokuchazwa

Ingqungquthela yindonga evaliweyo equkethe isethi yamaphupha afumaneke kwindiza efanayo kunye ne-equidistant kwinqanaba lesangqa. Iziko lilo moya omnye. Njengomgaqo, kuboniswe ngetekisi O.

Umgama ukusuka kuyo nayiphi na indawo yamacangca ukuya kwiziko libizwa ngokuba yi-radius kwaye ibonakaliswe yileta R.

Ukuba udibanisa ezimbini naziphi na iingongoma zembuthano, ngoko ke iqela eliphumo liya kuthiwa yi-chord. Iqhosha elidlulayo phakathi kwendawo yembuthano ububanzi obuchazwe ngetekisi D. Ubuninzi buhlula ujikelezo kumabini amanani alinganayo kwaye buphindwe kabini ubude bomda ngokude. Ngaloo ndlela, D = 2R, okanye R = D / 2.

Iipropati zezixhobo

1. Ukuba ngamacandelo amabini angqambelayo isangqa ayibambe iqhosha, kwaye emva kweyodwa eyokugqibela - i-radius okanye ububanzi, ke le nxalenye iya kuphula i-chord kunye ne-arc isinqunywe yiyo kwiindawo ezimbini ezilinganayo. Umnxibelelwano uyinyaniso: ukuba i-radius (ububanzi) ihlula i-chord kwisiqingatha, ngoko ke iyingcamango.
2. Ukuba izinto ezimbini ezifanayo zifakwe kwisangqa esinye, iinqununu ezizonqunywe ngabo, kunye nezo zifakwe phakathi kwazo, ziya kulingana.
3. Senza iiprogram ezimbini ze-PR kunye ne-QS ezidibanisa ngaphakathi kwesangqa kwindawo ye-T. Imveliso yamacandelo enkqantosi enye iya kuhlala ilingana nemveliso yamacandelo enye i-chord, oko kukuthi, PT x TR = QT x TS.

Umgca: ingqiqo jikelele kunye namafomula asemqoka

Esinye seziganeko ezisisiseko salo mfanekiso wejometri yinqanaba. Ifomula itholakala ngokusebenzisa ubuninzi obunjengejubane, ububanzi kunye nokuqhubekayo "π", kubonisa ukuqhubeka komlinganiselo wecandelo ukuya kumda wayo.

Ngaloo ndlela, L = πD, okanye L = 2πR, apho uL i-circumference, iD ibona ububanzi, kunye neR iyindawo.

Inkomfa yobude bendilinga ingaqwalaselwa njengowokuqala wokufumana i-radius okanye ububanzi bexesha elide lendawo: D = L / π, R = L / 2π.

Iyintoni isangqa: izikhundla ezisisiseko

1. Umgca kunye nesangqa singafumaneka kwi-ndege njengendlela elandelayo:

• Ayinayo imiba eqhelekileyo;
• Yinqaku elinye eliqhelekileyo, ngelixa umgca ubizwa ngokuba yi-tangent: ukuba udweba i-radius phakathi kwendawo kunye nenqaku le-tangency, kuya kuba yinto ehamba phambili kwi-tangent;
• Unamaqhosha amabini aqhelekileyo, ngelixa umgca ochanekileyo ubizwa ngokuba yi-secant point.

2. Ngeengongoma ezintathu ezingabonakaliyo zilele kwelinye indiza, umntu akanako ukuthabatha isangqa esinye.

3. Imijikelezo emibini ingachukumisa iphuzu elilodwa kuphela, elifumaneka kwicandelo lokudibanisa amaziko ezi ngqa.

4. Kuzo naziphi na izijikelezo ezihambelana neziko, isangqa sidlula ngokwawo.

5. Iyintoni isangqa ngokwemimiselo?

• Uloluvo olufanayo lomgca kunoma yiliphi la manqaku;
• I-symmetry ephakathi nendawo yeO;
• Umlinganiso we-Mirror ngokumalunga nobubanzi.

6. Ukuba sakha ii-angles ezibhaliweyo ezingabhaliweyo ezixhaswa yi-arc efanayo yembuthano, ziya kulingana. I-angle, ukuphumla kwi-arc elinganayo kwisiqingatha se-circumference, oko kukuthi, isinqunywe ngumyinge we-chord, isoloko i-90 °.

7. Ukuba siyaqhathanisa iindlovu ezivaliweyo zobude obufanayo, kubonakala ukuba isangqa sidlulisa icandelo lendiza yendawo enkulu.

Isangqa esibhalwe ngonxantathu kwaye ichazwe kufuphi nayo

Ingcamango yokuba yintoni isangqa engayi kuphelelanga ngaphandle kokuchaza iimpawu zobudlelwane phakathi kwesi sibalo sejometri kunye noonxantathu.

1. Xa kwakhiwa isangqa esibhalwe ngxantathu, isikhungo sawo siya kuhlala sihambelana nephuzu le-intersection ye- bisectors yeengcongolo zexantathu.
2. Isiko sesangqa esichazwe ngasentla kunxantathu sisendaweni ye-intersection ye-median perpendiculars kwicala ngalinye lexantathu.
3. Ukuba sichaza isangqa malunga nexantathu elungileyo, i-center yayo iya kuba phakathi kwe-hypotenuse, oko kukuthi, eli lizayo liya kuba likhulu.
4. Amaziko ebhaliweyo kunye nezijikelezo ezimiselweyo ziya kuba ngenye indlela ukuba isiseko sokwakhiwa sinxantathu.

Izitatimende ezisisiseko malunga nesangqa kunye neziqu

1. Kujikeleze i-convex quadrilateral, umntu unokuchaza isangqa kuphela xa isixa sesangqa saso singaphantsi kwe-180 °.
2. Ingqungquthela ebhaliweyo kwi-quadrilateral isakhiweyo ingakhiwa ukuba isixa sobude bamacandelo awo ahlukileyo siyafana.
3. Ungachaza isangqa malunga neparallelogram ukuba iingalo zawo zichanekile.
4. Ungangena isangqa kwi-parallelogram ukuba onke amacandelo ayo alinganayo, oko kukuthi, yi-rhombus.
5. Yakha isangqa kwiinkalo ze-trapezoid kuphela ukuba i-isosceles. Kule meko, isikhokelo sesangqa esijikelezayo siya kufumaneka kwi-intersection ye -symmetry axis ye- quadrilateral kunye ne-median perpendicular eyenziwe kwicala.