Yintoni isichasi kunye ntonye. Izithethantonye, izichasi, ipharonimi, imfundo kunye nokusetyenziswa

Ilizwi lusisisekelo esisiseko zentetho kunye wafunda kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo Ezolimi. Umzekelo, isandi igama ifundwa kwicandelo Ifonetiki. Apha kubonakala ebusweni yelizwi izikhamiso, amaqabane, inani samalunga ndixinezelekile kwaye unstressed, njl Ekuso omnye okanye kwenye inxalenye yokuthetha ifundwa kwicandelo morphology. Indima ilizwi kwisivakalisi Uyayiqwalasela icandelo syntax ulwimi. Ixabiso ilizwi, intsingiselo yalo, ububanzi ukusetyenziswa kwayo, umbala zesimbo, imvelaphi yayo zembali izifundo kwicandelo Lexicology.

Lungelelanisa kunye nentsingiselo ngokwegrama magama ziqhagamshelwe. Ngoko, xa utshintsha i lungelelanisa (okanye nentsingiselo) igama elithi, uze utshintshe umsebenzi wayo ntetho. Funda nzulu ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni na isichasi kunye ntonye, Paronite, iimpawu zabo, ungakwazi kule ncwadi kulwimi. Kweli nqaku efanayo inika ingcaciso emfutshane malunga la magama.

Oko kukuthi isichasi ne-ntonye

Izichasi (ukusuka yesiGrike anti -. Iv + onuma - igama) - ngumbala igama kwintsingiselo. Zisetyenziswa ngolwimi ukuchaza umahluko:

elungileyo - okubi;

ezintle - ezimbi;

hot - ebandayo;

ice - lilangatye;

eliphezulu - phantsi;

nisekhaya - rough;

I hate - uthando;

umsebenzi - angenzi;

war - noxolo;

yasebusika - ihlobo, njl

Kwimizekelo efakwe umgangatho ixabiso malunga karhulumente iimpawu zezinto ezinzulu. Kodwa ayitsho ukuba ulwimi Russian kuwo onke amazwi isibini yabo izichasi. Umzekelo: izibizo ezinexabiso ethile - udonga, itafile, i window - musa ukuba isibini.

Izichasi ingaba:

• Ngeengcambu ezahlukeneyo: imfazwe - uxolo, kancinane - fast, omnyama - ezimhlophe.
• iingcambu efanayo: ukunyaniseka - yokunganyaniseki, phezulu - phantsi.
• Kunye isimaphambili "za-" yaye "Isizalwane", "za-" yaye "Wena" kokuba intsingiselo eyahlukileyo: vula - kufutshane, angcwabe - dig.

Izichasi bayihombise, yenza kube eqaqambileyo novakalelo. Izichasi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu iintsomi, izaci nezafobe: "kude kangakanani na - nokuba kufutshane, nokuba phezulu - phantsi apho," kwiincwadi zamabali: "Kusenokwenzeka ukuba onke amashwa zonke idilesi asendle, yena ingqalelo ufile, waza weza uyaphila." (A. Twardowski).

Izihloko zemisebenzi ngamanye amaxesha zibandakanya izichasi, "izilwanyana basekhaya zasendle"; "War Noxolo", "imini nobusuku".

Izithethantonye (ukusuka synonymos igama lesiGrike -. Oonobumba igama elifanayo) - amazwi intsingiselo efanayo, upelo ezahlukeneyo kunye nendlela abizwa ngayo, kwakunye shades ezahlukeneyo. Share on Indawo YobuzweKCharselect (lwesemantiki) okuloba.

Indawo YobuzweKCharselect (ekwabizwa ngokuba lwesemantiki) izithethantonye

Thelekisa: indlu enkulu, indlu enkulu, indlu enkulu.

Kucacile ukuba libhekisela kwindlu enkulu, kodwa yonke utshintsho nombala lizwi. Igama yokuqala enkulu yesibini elide kuqala, kwaye eyesithathu ezinkulu kuno yokuqala neyesibini. Njengoko ubona, yaye ukubhala ezahlukeneyo.

Ntonye - ixhala, ukuphazamiseka, ixhala - ukuba ixabiso lilonke close: ixhala, ukungabikho ukuphumla.

Izithethantonye okuloba

amagama ezinjalo bokuqonda ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa: finger - ngomnwe; (imilebe.) elizayo-ezayo (book) - ezayo.

Ukuvela ntonye:

• Ukufana izinto ezinzulu, ukwalathelwa yegama elitsha. Umzekelo: iindaba, udaba, udaba, ingxelo, iindaba.
• Utshintsho amazwi ngolunye ulwimi in Russian: ndiseyimbumba - umbungu, umqhubi - isikhokelo.
• Of amazwi ezavalwayo ulwimi lweembongi: finger - ngomnwe, ebunzi - ibunzi, iliso - eye, Beach - Breg.
• Ukusuka Indies, kwincoko yemihla ngemihla, dialectal intetho ka collocations: kwamehlo - ntsho, kokuvutha - unobungcwangu.
• Ukusuka iingcambu ezahlukeneyo mazwi: ikhephu, Blizzard, emvuleni.
• Of terminological ukuhlanganiswa elithi: Air Force - Aviation, wamazinyo - wamazinyo.

izihlobo aliqela ixabiso ifomu amagama ntonye ntonye.

ulwimi Izithethantonye Russian zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwintetho. Banceda ukuba adlulise intsingiselo ngokucacileyo ngakumbi ingcamango, kuphephe milembelele ezingeyomfuneko, bonisa lineentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo zamagama, izenzakalo, iimpawu. Luphawu zisetyenziswa entetho ubugcisa, ezobunzululwazi kunye Indies: "I wagoba umlobothi wakho, mna ke kude, ndabona umgubo, yaye loo lusizi eyaziwa." (A. Twardowski).

Ngoku sinengcamango yokuba oko isichasi kunye ntonye. Makhe ugqithele ipharonimi.

Ipharonimi (isitanza se-Greek -. Kufutshane, ohyma - igama) - amagama iingcambu enye, efanayo isandi kodwa aneentsingiselo ezahlukileyo. Ngokunjalo izithethantonye, izichasi, ipharonimi waneliseke ngayo, yaye bancedwe ngokuchanekileyo express umbono ngokuchanekileyo. Zakha ezininzi zokudlala ngamagama. Umzekelo: "Ngenye imini, wobhedu, isinqe hammering, wathi umkakhe, nilangazelela: ndiya cela abantwana ukuba Taxco, kunye ukukhawulezisa ulangazelelo mna!". A intsingiselo efanayo ngamxhelo, kodwa eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo amagama kunika umdlalo igama ecacileyo.

Ipharonimi zinokwahluka izimamva: poyka - unkcenkceshayo, eziphekiweyo - bila. Ingaba isimaphambili yamaqabane: waya - emhlambini.

Sebenza phandle!

Nanku umfanekiso. Esiyibiza ngokuba "Wonders of Nature". Eneneni, indibanisela emangalisayo yomkhenkce nekhephu nokulenya kwelanga setting. Zama ukusebenzisa i nezichasi kunye nezifanokuthi ukwenza umbhalo ezintle. Yenza imposiso izivakalisi, bona izinto onokuzifumana babe ngamalungu.

Yazi ukuba yintoni isichasi kunye ntonye, paronym, ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ukuba bahombise wobugcisa, uphando lwezenzululwazi, ulwimi lwabo neemvakalelo oluthethwayo ikunika ngamathuba angawo. La osemqoka umdla kakhulu naluphi na ulwimi.