Yintoni lobushushu ukumelana izithole of iitumato kwindawo zokugcina, kwindawo evulekileyo, phezu balcony, phantsi izinto ngokukuhlawulela ongcolileyo?

inkcubeko ethandwayo kakhulu ukulima abanini nemiqolomba zasehlotyeni iitumato. izivuno eziphezulu imifuno luncedo begadi nzima ukufumana phantse nawuphi na ummandla zemozulu. Umbuzo wokuqala kwabasaqalayo tomatovodov - ke ubushushu ezingcono kunye elivumelekileyo. Lo mbuzo, yintoni ubushushu enganyangekiyo izithole ze itumata, izandi kwiiyantlukwano ezahlukeneyo, ngokuba kuyimfuneko ukwazi iimeko ubushushu ngenxa ukuntshula kwembewu, kwezithole, iziqhamo zivuthwe kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Iimpendulo ziyafuneka ukuze ukhethe ngokupheleleyo indlela elula okufumana isivuno esihle.

Kwazalelwa kunye nembali ukulungisa iitumato

Ekhaya, ekweleenjiko yoMzantsi Merika, kwaye ngoku ekhula iintlobo zasendle iitumato. Ukwazi oku, singakwazi ukuphendula ngokucacileyo umbuzo, oko kukuthi, njani ukumelana ngqele yetumato izithole. No. Qabaka emoyeni, ingakumbi ngezizathu zesityalo akemi aze afe. EYurophu, yawa ngesandla ukukhanya Columbus. Oku kunjalo xa ukwazi umhla ngqo - eziliwaka elinamakhulu amane, anamanci asithoba ngomnyaka wesithathu. Hlakulela ngeenjongo zokupheka oko yaqala kuphela phakathi kwinkulungwane yeshumi kumazwe lobushushu aseYurophu. Yaye isandla ukukhanya abavela "apile egolide", benjenjalo ukumemeza apha iziqhamo izityalo baba "Pomo Doro" - inguqulelo yokoqobo. Ngenxa yoko Russian - "setumato". Impendulo yalo mbuzo, njani ukumelana ubushushu yokuyeka izithole itumata eRashiya waqalisa ukukhangela ngamandla ngenxa ebudeni bolawulo uCatherine II, iqela ikhokelwa umfuyi EA Grachev kanye umsunguli Russian namahlathi A. Bolotov. Isandla ukukhanya imifuno zimnandi wabonakala phezu iitafile abantu kulo lonke elo lizwe.

incazelo lesayensi

Tomato - sisityalo herbaceous le nightshade. Ekhaya ingaba ixesha elide. Kumazwe ne posurovee lwemozulu - ngonyaka. Inkqubo iingcambu - intonga ezininzi amasebe icala, oko igutyungelwe ezininzi iinwele. Umhlaba eshushu ngaphandle kwi kwimimandla ekumzantsi, iingcambu ukufikelela kwimitha ubude. Le zokugcina enzelwe ngokweesentimitha ezingamashumi amathathu. Roots lula ukusekwa kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye esiqwini. Sami olubangelwa ukuba amise okanye ifuna garter, kunye nohlobo lokukhula: rhoqo eyayizalwa - yawo kwaye, phezu koko, onefuthe. Ihamba imilo eqhelekileyo, kodwa utshintsho zabo umbala phantsi kwempembelelo iimeko zangaphandle kunye nobume izityalo. Flowers amadoda namabhinqa iqokelelwe yokudubula "cluster isiqhamo." Yeziqhamo - berry nenyama futhi limnandi, zobungakanani neemilo. Umbala we ineziqhamo zasehlotyeni - ukusuka segolide esintsundu nemfusa, kuxhomekeka ezahlukeneyo. Iitumato - self-ukuhlakanipha yezityalo. Uqala ukuba utyatyambe ngeenxa zonke iintsuku ngamahlanu emva ukuntshula iimbewu kunye neziqhamo emva kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathandathu zivuthwe. Ngeli xesha, naluphi na utshintsho yangaphandle ngesiquphe, ingakumbi nokunyuka ubushushu inokuba yingozi kwisityalo. Kwaye ngoku bekuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ukwazi ukuba amaqondo obushushu asezantsi izithole itumata ukumelana, hayi ukuvumela isityalo ukufikelela ubushushu obugqithisileyo - ngezantsi degrees ezintlanu. Kuya kufa kunye nobushushu ngaphezu izidanga amane anesithathu.

Ukukhethwa ntlobo iitumato

Kumbandela ezikhethiweyo iintlobo kwi zigaba yokuqala, ungasebenzisa iingcebiso zabalimi abanamava, kodwa amava yakho lubaluleke kakhulu. Enoba kunjalo, kufuneka ukuba uthenga imbewu iindidi ezininzi iitumato. Ukusebenza ukuntshula kwazo izithole de lokuvuna. umsebenzi Autumn uya kubonisa ukuba luhlobo luni na itumata kwizinto ezilindelweyo ngokukodwa kwigadi yakho. Xa ukhetha imbewu zokugcina yetumato indawo evulekileyo ngaphandle umbuzo wokuqala kufuneka abe zilandelayo mandatory: yintoni ubushushu izithole itumata enganyangekiyo etyalwe kwindawo evulekileyo? Apha kuyimfuneko ukuba zincede zikhethe ezisezantsi ikhula kwiintlobo hybrid kunye enganyangekiyo ezilungileyo utshintsho kwiqondo lobushushu kwenkqubo ingcambu. Yaye ukuba phithi ngoko kwamaqondo obushushu izithole se iitumato, ithathele inkonzo imeko elandelayo. Best ukukhetha iintlobo emuncu, ekuqaleni kunye Medium ekuqaleni. Izihluma kula maqela, ngokulandelelana, sidlule ukuba asixhenxe ukuya kumashumi asithoba kunye imihla elikhulu elinamanci asibhozo. Umzekelo onefuthe ntlobo: Dubok, iziqhamo Agatha emnandi eliphezulu-evelisa ukuzaliswa White, ekuqaleni kunye efanayo ubukhulu, ukumelana lobushushu nezidubedube kunye yetumato incasa okhethekileyo Sanka, pink sweet Demidov, ezilungele lokulondolozwa ladies iminwe. Lo mbuzo njengoko oko ubushushu enganyangekiyo izithole ze itumata kwaMba, ukuba yakhiwe kwi iqashiso lakho, akukho kangako kwimeko ezahlukeneyo lukhetho abamba. Apha kunokwenzeka ukuba zincede zikhethe nzalo indeterminalnym. Isiqu ephambili kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo lomthi tomato zikhula ngaphezu konyaka. ukuphakama grade ngwane 1, umzekelo, phantse neemitha ezine, kunye isithsaba kuthatha indawo ye square metres mahlanu. Isivuno yonyaka kunye ithani nengxenye. Olu uhlobo kakhulu zokugcina, wazigquma nje umboniso, iimathiriyeli seplastikhi esitransparenti mihla kumafama, noosomashishini. Okukhulu kanye lingcono esifanelekileyo isikali mveliso. Nokuba ngexesha zamafama ngexesha abandayo abaye bakhetha olu hlobo, akukho kukhathazeka malunga umbuzo wokuba yintoni ubushushu ebusuku izithole setumato enganyangekiyo. Kuye ukumelana kakhulu utshintsho lobushushu elirhabaxa, kunye nezifo eziphambili iitumato. Ukongeza, ukuthuthwa ixesha elide Musani ukubaphatha kakubi kuzo yayo. Ecocekile abamba engcono kunye neentlobo fast-ivuthwa, abaninzi bakholelwa pink Mikado. Umxholo iswekile ukwanda yenza yintlama iziqhamo futhi limnandi. Ukuba fan enkulu iitumato zakhe zakhula, nendawo ukulima kuphela indlu kwisixeko isakhiwo eziphakamileyo, ngoko lixesha ukufumana kuzo iintswazi zomdiliya yintoni lobushushu ukumelana of itumata kwi kwivaranda. Kule meko ke kungcono ukukhetha iintlobo iziqhamo amancinci amatyholo elisezantsi olukhula ezifana cherry, Red Cascade, Red Pearl. Bonke - abalandeli kusasa okanye ngokuhlwa ilanga ukumelana umva ubusuku degrees elinambini.

Iimfuno ukukhanyisa benika

Izibane Ezilungileyo izityalo ukukhanya-bothando - imeko kuyimfuneko. Kuba izithole tomato ukunqongophala ukukhanya kuyingozi kakhulu. Izithole ukuphuhlisa kakuhle, iindiza azotywe, yaye buthathaka. Abantu abadala iitumato kunye nokunqongophala lokukhanya phantse ibiselityatyambile, ukuwa-maqanda. Isityalo iba ezincotsheni eluhlaza. Ingakumbi kakubi ngenxa yokusilela iitumato ilanga iintlobo esemazantsi zezo ezilinywa zokugcina kunye zokugcina. Ukungabikho ukukhanya - na unobangela iimpawu amahlwempu ukungcamla iitumato. Solanaceae likhule ngaphandle ilanga, kuba ayityhefu. Xa zokugcina, akukho ukukhanya nobushushu bendalo, izityalo kungenzeka ukuba bagule ngaphezu kwabo elinywa ezindle. Kulo mzekelo, khumbula ukuba umhlaba kunye zokugcina neenkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ezahlukeneyo.

Ukuba akhulule izityalo greenhouse evela ngumngundo igqabi, ukunciphisa yamanzi. Kwiindawo open kwisityalo kufuneka amanzi rhoqo, ingakumbi ngexesha xa iziqhamo akhiwa noqolileyo. Umhlaba phantsi iingcambu kufuneka yome kwaye ijike ibe uqweqwe. Ukunkcenkceshela ngokuqhelekileyo enye kunye ziba ngcono. Uchitha amanzi kufuneka zibe kwi ingcambu, bekungayi phezu amagqabi, izityalo Asikunyamezeli nto. Amanzi ngaphambi ukusetyenziswa yokuzithethelela ngcono emini. Kufuneka ibanda - oko umbuzo malunga olunjani lobushushu izithole ezixhathisayo of itumata endle. Ukufuma eziyimfuneko ukuze umhlaba kwi-70% ukuba umoya - 60%. Ukufuma Ukwanda kunye nokungabikho ubushushu kunciphisa isivuno.

Iimfuno emhlabeni kunye nabamelwane

Phezu komhlaba azikho engqongqo ukuze ukukhanya nobushushu. Kaloku, ukuba liyi umhlaba vysokoplodorodnym abamnyama egadini okanye kwaMba. afaneleka kahle osisivunda ukukhanya imihlaba enesanti of avareji iasidi. Kumhlaba asidi kakhulu kufuneka wenze ikalika. Iitumato azilukhuthazi ngokulima kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama ezimbini zilandelelana kwindawo enye. Imbi kakhulu isivuno iitumato, ukuba eninzi izondlo ndawo ukuba bakhule iipepile, seqanda kunye nezinye imifuno, buyasuswa emhlabeni. ababengaphambi Good ingqalelo itswele, iitapile, ikhaphetshu, zucchini, kwaneekomkomere, amathanga kunye neminqathe. imifuno Solanaceous, iitapile kunye iipepile ayifanelekanga njengoko nabamelwane kwi emityinweni, ingcambu netuwa zabo zinqanda ukukhula iitumato. Ukongeza, izifo kunye izinambuzane kufuneka efanayo, okwandisa ingozi yokwenzakala. Ecaleni iitumato ityalwa kakuhle itswele, hlaza, parsley, calendula. Ezi abamelwane inenzuzo nokukhusela nxamnye nitshutshiswa.

Lungiselela imbewu izithole

Ukukhulisa izithole tomato aqalise ukulungiselela imbewu. Isigaba sokuqala - hlola zabo. imbewu Quality - isisombululo ngokupheleleyo-epheleleyo, xa iipesenti ezintlanu saline ukuba sifele. Yonke into iza up - imbewu ezingenanto okanye zibolile. Le eesampulu ahlambe kakuhle ngamanzi abandayo ukubaleka enincokola imizuzu elishumi elinesihlanu kumxube elinye ekhulwini potassium permanganate. Emva kokubulawa kwamagciwane wahlamba kwakhona ngamanzi abandayo yaye sele liphela ebusuku zifakwe nesisombululo Izakha ezizodwa. Kungcono ukuthenga isakhiwo esele zenziwe ngenxa isisombululo. imbewu tixi ngenxa pipping ukunwenwa kwi ngelaphu elifumileyo. Ngeli thuba, mhlawumbi eliya kuma kwiveki, eli laphu kufuneka uhlale ufumile. ukufuma agqithisileyo, kwakunye omiswe, nefuthe elibi ekuntshuleni.

Ukukhulisa thombo

Umhlaba ngokuba ukuntshula mbewu baqulunqa buyanceda ukulungiselela ngokwabo. Kufuneka ibe loose kwaye lula, umoya elungileyo kunye ukufuma akubonakali. Unako mix ngokulungelelana ukususa Turf umhlaba, isanti, wamatye nja-. Kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba isetyenziswa ngaphambili zange kukhule izityalo entsapho Solanaceae. Endaweni zesanti unako exutywe esisesweni ash t. E. Thatha amacandelo ukuba ungafumana. Ukunkcankcashela isisombululo zeendawana bezimbiwa ilungisiwe ukususela malunga amabini iigrem superphosphate kunye grams ezilishumi zamanzi urea ukuya emele. Kuba utyala imbewu ezisetyenziswayo elide, ikreyiti yeplanga ngcono, abebembeke iperi amashiya xa isibini ngeesentimitha eziyi-ngaphandle, xa kukho umsantsa tyaba elide kwi ubunzulu bomhlaba uzilungiselele kangange enye enesiqingatha. Ulifefe phezu komhlaba kwaye zigqunywe ifilimu. Iibhokisi zibekwe kwindawo efudumeleyo. Apha ke usebenza ukubuza malunga olunjani lobushushu izithole itumata ukumelana phantsi izinto egubungele. lobushushu Umda ekuntshuleni - izinyuko ezilishumi; ukukhawulezisa inkqubo, kufuneka izidanga ubuncinane elinesithandathu. Ngaphezu koko, kude kube amagqabi ezimbalwa, ubushushu emini kufuneka ibe phakathi engamashumi amabini anesine degrees, iintsuku namafu ukuba degrees elinesithandathu. Night - ukusuka izinyuko ezilishumi elinesixhenxe kunye uphawu lokwengeza, kungenjalo ukukhula oyekayo. Xa imbewu isiqhuma, ke wasiwa kwindawo lighted. Ukuba akukho zendalo, isicelo doosveschenie ngumntu. Kubalulekile ukuba esweni ubushushu zezulu zomhlaba, ukuba yonke into kakuhle, imini film ihlumelo. Igumbi apho izithole ekulungiseleleni, kufuneka lidlale, kodwa kufuneka ibe uyilo. Xa ikhaba kuvela emagqabini ezimbini zokuqala, ukuba uhleli, ukusoloko begadi - ngena iphepha encinane okanye iikomityi zeplastiki ezinemingxuma emazantsi ngenxa yamanzi. Izithole zikhethiwe esempilweni, kunye iingcambu olomeleleyo. Ukukhuthaza taproot osecaleni ukukhula kweengcambu kungangabikho. Ukungena nabo kumhlaba uzilungiselele, inkcenkceshelwa yaye baqhubeka akakhululeki degrees mabini. Xa amagqabi ziya kuba ngaphezu kwe ezine, ezilishumi iintsuku phambi kokutyala kwibala esisigxina, lobushushu imini nobusuku lincitshiswe isibini ngeedegree. Uyakwazi ukubeka neembiza esitratweni, yaye kugquba kunye zokugcina ukuze asuse phezulu window ukuba lukhuni izityalo, ngokuxhomekeka ukuba kuya kubakho kuneqabaka ebusuku. Okt. Kufuneka sihlale sikhumbula ukuba iqondo ubuncinane izithole se neetamati, uze uqiniseke ukuba alithe gangqa degrees elinambini. Emva icima izithole yokutyala obusempilweni isifundo, kunye anquma esisekweni, uhlambulukile, esinombala egudileyo. Xa sikhula, ngaphandle ukukhanya nobushushu, izithole ifuna ukutya. Okokuqala kufuneka wenze kwiintsuku ezilishumi emva kokuba kuhlwayelwe ezimbizeni. Well ukulungiselela umanyolo eziphilayo. Ukuze oku unyityilikiswa oluludaka amanzi ngokomlinganiselo omnye ukuya ezine okanye inkukhu ubulongwe ngokwesahlulo omnye elinesihlanu. Oku kwakhona ukufaka amabini iigrem superphosphate kunye iinkuni ash kancinane. Kuyimfuneko ukugcina ngamathuba rhoqo phakathi zokubopha malunga ezimbini neeveki.

ixesha imbewu

Kwi xa uceba ukusa izithole ze iitumato emhlabeni, kwindawo esisigxina ongcolileyo okanye balcony, khetha ixesha lembewu lokutyala. Kwaye oko kuxhomekeke imozulu yendawo iklasi ekhethiweyo. Izithole azikhuli iintlobo eqhelekileyo zingalinywa mahlanu - iintsuku asixhenxe kunye itumata iingxilimbela ngokwemiqathango landile ukuya kwiintsuku ezingamashumi alithoba. Phezu komhlaba evulekileyo phakathi-ezinezinga, umzekelo, arholwe izithole ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Kuba greenhouse ixesha na ukuba lutshintshelwe isilungiso mbuzo, yintoni ubushushu izithole itumata enganyangekiyo kwaMba. Kufuneka ucinge loluphi uhlobo, yintoni nesigubungelo - bhanya okanye polycarbonate. Kuba balcony izithole kufuneka ucinge ukushiya iifestile balcony evulekileyo okanye ngezitena apho, usebenzisa yintoni usambathisa. Ukuba bhalkhoni ukwakweli kwicala mpuma, kwaye zigqunyiwe window iplastiki, imihla drop-off ezifanayo ngokwemiqathango abamba, nangenxa kuni impendulo ngqo lo mbuzo, yintoni ubushushu izithole itumata enganyangekiyo kwaMba.

Iimfuneko iimeko gases

Ekuqaleni kokufika kwexesha, kunye nexesha ngoko kufuneka ilungiswe greenhouse. Ukuba ubize isakhiwo nezikhuselekileyo film greenhouse ngaphandle ubushushu, izithole kulo inga siwa kuphela phakathi kukaMeyi, ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo amathuba iqabaka ebusuku kwingingqi yakho. Ukuba imozulu ivumela, ongcolileyo ngaphandle ukufudumeza ifilim igutyungelwe ngokwemaleko eziliqela, kwaye sebenzisa i-inshorensi iphepha extra benika ngamanzi ashushu, kunokwenzeka ukuba umfama alime ngemihla yokugqibela ka-Aprili. Kule zokugcina umboniso, apho kukho amalahle, izithole ityalwa ukusuka sesishumi elinesihlanu ka-Aprili. Ngokupheleleyo umbuzo buciko, yintoni ubushushu izithole itumata enganyangekiyo kwi polycarbonate greenhouse, ngenxa yokuba ngokuqhelekileyo ukwakha ukwenzela unyaka-umjikelo ukulima imifuno.

Ke kaloku, malunga ubungakanani ilizwe phantsi abamba. Izithole iintlobo ezincinanana ezityalwe kumgama ngeesentimitha amathathu ngaphandle. Kuba abade zifuneka hayi ngaphantsi kwe amane neesentimitha site. Umgama phakathi kwemiqolo zobugcisa kokutyala, kufuneka ibe ukusuka iisentimitha amahlanu ukuya amathandathu. Ukutyala amatyholo uvalo ngcono - imikrozo emibini, izithuba vunharhu, njl Kule ndawo malunga nesiqingatha ukuya kwiimitha ezimbini isikwere inokuthatha ezisibhozo elinambini iitumato emahlathini ... Kuba zokugcina zoshishino Polycarbonate kufuneka ezintlanu okanye ezintandathu eka komhlaba. Kuyo nayiphi na abamba udinga ukukhanya olongezelelweyo - ngoku ityhubhu-okanye ebonisa imitha yelanga ebonisa komhlaba. Neengcibi ezisetyenziswa ngefoyile ye indlu abaqhelekileyo kwi ngamaplanga. KwaMba okanye kwisiza kufuneka ibe umthombo wamanzi, inzuzo ngakumbi - iqula okanye iqula. Ukukhumbula oko lobushushu izithole itumata ukumelana waza wayinkcenkcesha ngamanzi abandayo ukuba ayikwazi kuba, kufuneka amatanki imfuyo, apho amanzi luhlala kwaye uhlala elangeni okanye isixhobo okhethekileyo. Ukuba kulinywa iitumato kwaMba kuwe - hayi nje elinye kuthotho amalinge akuphumelelanga, kungcono ukuthatha unonophelo umthombo ubushushu ezongezelelweyo ngaphandle kwelanga.

Abanini zokukhulisa izityalo phambi kokutyala nganye entsha ukuqiniseka zonke iindawo iindonga kunye nesakhiwo kophahla ukusingatha iblitshi, ukutshiza kuyo kunye nomhlaba. Upper, pyatisantimetrovym inwebu lomhlaba zokugcina sitshintshele zeendawana entsha, wemba waza wayinkcenkcesha kunye nesisombululo potassium permanganate emva kokuvuna nganye. Onke la manyathelo aya kunceda ukunqanda rhoqo imifuno gases zigulo. Ngokubanzi, iibhedi gases umphunga amalungiselelo ngokohlobo kwemiqolo apho kuqala ukubeka umgquba eshushu, malunga namashumi amathathu ukuya ezingamashumi amathathu iisentimitha ezintlanu, yaye emva koko ulungisiwe isithombo, zizondlo umxube elinesihlanu sentimitha up. Kodwa asifanele silibale ukuba umoya ayisosinyanzelo kwaye rhoqo zokugcina. Ukwakhiwa zokugcina kufuneka aziquki kuphela kwale migodi emacaleni, kodwa phezulu.

Iitumato emyezweni

Ukuba usukelo lwakho - hayi iprojekthi ishishini tomato, kwaye zivuthiwe, sweet itumata eliphambili sangokuhlwa kwigadi yakho ekhaya, ngoko isigqibo ekugqibeleni kumbuzo, yintoni ubushushu tomato enganyangekiyo izithole kwindawo evulekileyo, kwaye uqale. Khetha indawo emyezweni ngaphantsi kwesingqengqelo apho elininzi ukukhanya, yaye ngoko ke, liya kuba shushu. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, apha, ngasendleleni, kakuhle akhule cucumber. Ekwindla wena, njengoko kulindelekile, isiza wemba waza wenza nezichumiso. Emva ebusika kwaye phambi kokuba igqampe kanye kwakhona zonke yakhululeka kakuhle kwaye kongezelelwa nitrogen isichumiso. Ekupheleni Meyi, ubushushu njalo. Xa kwemini izidanga ezingamashumi amabini ukuya kumashumi amabini anesihlanu. efudumeleyo ebusuku, akukho plus ngaphantsi kweshumi elinesihlanu. It ingatyalwa. Amanzi kakuhle umphanda enkulu egadini emini ilanga lihlabe ngentla degrees mabini. Kukho into ukuba ubunamanzi. Kwaye akukho 'ukulwa "isivuno, xa nje ukusebenza umnqweno, elungileyo kunye nothando endalo - kuphumelela nje.