Yintoni neon? Chemical neempawu zomzimba ze neon, ukusetyenziswa

Phakathi zoonke etafileni yemichiza ngamaxesha athile anazo umdla qela yezinto zobumnini ezifana neegesi egalelwe. Ezi ziquka argon, neon, helium kunye nezinye izinto. Yintoni neon, yaye apho ehlabathini namhlanje, le igesi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi?

Imbali ngexesha lokufunyanwa neon

itheyibhile Mendeleev kaThixo ngoko nangoko ezaliswe zonke imichiza, ngoko kwezinye amaqela kunye namaxesha wahlala izikhewu. Umzekelo, ekhemisi uyicinge ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezintsha, njengoko kwenzekayo nge neon. Sisazinzulu sokuqala ukuba bacinge malunga ubukho neon, yaba yemichiza Ramsay, Rayleigh. Ngelo xesha ababini elikufutshane igesi egalelwe avulwa argon kunye helium, kodwa esiphakathi waba iseli ezingenanto kwindlela yemigca. Scientific wacebisa ukuba ilungu elitsha iya kuba ubunzima atom-20 kunye mninzi kunjalo 10 hydrogen oko neon kwindalo, hayi kwaziwa.

Indlela Ramsay waba nako ukwabela neon kwaye ukuba bukho? Kulingo lakhe, siya kusetyenziswa umoya rhoqo, ngelo yokuqala eyenziwe yangamanzi waza ngumphunga kancinci. Wafumana ngaloo ndlela, iincindi sukube zaye kufundwe ityhubhu obhobhozayo, eyenza kube lula ukubona imigca spectrum kwezinto. Ngokuphathelele oku, bafumana into entsha.

Xa yonke element lesithandathu iqhelekileyo neon. Intsingiselo lesiGrike eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "omtsha". Ekuqaleni, unyana ka-Ramzaya Villi wacebisa ngokunika element entsha Novum, nto leyo ithetha "omtsha", kodwa uyise yagqiba ukutshintsha eli gama kancinane neon, apho, ngokwembono yakhe, bakhalisa ngcono.

iipropati neon

Le igesi egalelwe lo lwezakhi phakathi argon kunye helium, nto leyo enika ngayo iimpawu zezi zinto aphakathi. Neon onomlinganiselo amandla zombini, aba-2 no-8 electron. Olu phawu kuchaphazela ngqo reactivity ze gesi, ekubeni oko aluyiyo iikhompawundi kunye nezinye izinto.

Yintoni neon ngokwembono chemistry? Le igesi ukukhanya, nto leyo liquefies kubushushu of -245,98 ° C kwaye umtya abilayo na kwi 2,6 ° C. Ukunyibilika serhasi amanzi amancinci kakhulu, kunjalo neon adsorption kwi carbon yasebenza ivumela igesi eyahlukileyo nihlambuluke ukungcola kwalo.

Yintoni neon ukusuka kwindawo imbono ye physics? Le igesi, umhlaba ophantsi kweempembelelo yangoku yahlulwe spectrum eliqaqambileyo bomvu naorenji. ukukhanya Neon ukuba likhupha ngaxeshanye ngakhanyi kakhulu kwaye bezinzile. Yemvelo yale meko kuxhomekeke uxinezeleko ilizwi phezu electron-athom neon, nto leyo ebangela ukuba yokugqibela yokwaba photons zokukhanya.

Uphi neon

Xa yonke imi phezu neon 6 ubukho liphezulu emva helium, hydrogen, kwaye inani nezinye izinto. Le igesi egalelwe na izixa elikhulu iinkwenkwezi ezibomvu kunye langa. Xa isifundo iPluto iye Kucetyiswa ukuba umoya wayo nocatshulo neon, kwaye kwiingcamba asezantsi, le igesi yepetroliyamu engamanzi ngenxa kubushushu obuphantsi ezibalulekileyo kulo mhlaba.

Ke wona umhlaba, oluthi kakhulu emoyeni (0.00182%) kunye encinane kakhulu kolu qweqwe lomhlaba. Kukholelwa ukuba ukungakwazi zegesi egalelwe ukunxibelelana nabanye izakhi kunye nefom izimbiwa isizathu esisiseko ezi izinto ehlabathini baba hi mpimo lowutsongo.

Ukusetyenziswa neon

Ngoku ke imveliso yandiswa kakhulu isidingo neon, nto leyo ethetha ukunqongophala yayo rhoqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba kokwahlulwa igesi ecocekileyo egalelwe kuthatha ixesha elininzi, kunye nesiqulatho sayo emoyeni iphantsi kakhulu.

Neon isetyenziswa kushishino njenge refrigerant sobunjineli cryogenic. Kwiqondo lobushushu zolwelo propellant neon igcinwe, isilwanyana ekhenkciweyo kunye nemifuno kwizihlunu neekhemikhali. Ezi ziikristale neon iimeko kangangoko ukwenzela iziganeko a reactions entsonkothileyo kakhulu, nto leyo akubanyamezeli na isenzo ubushushu (Udibaniso of H2O2, Imichiza ioksijini, njalo njalo).

Kwezinye izibane nokulayita imidlalo nabo usebenzise neon. Ixabiso le gas njengomthombo ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba kukhanya yayo kubonakala ezikude. izibane Neon zisetyenziswa ukubeka lighthouse, iziqwengana indiza, iinqaba eziphakamileyo. Ezinye iintengiso esekelwe kwiitekisi ziyagxininiswa yi izibane ze neon.

Xa luminaires ezinjalo neon ayikho ngendlela ecocekileyo. Wayesoloko ezixutywe olinganise ekunene kwaye argon, nto leyo enika-orenji umbala ukukhanya. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukuphazamisi okanye kukuchaphazele iimpawu nokubonakala kakuhle, njengoko ezi izibane zibonakale phantsi kwazo zonke iimeko zemozulu ezingalunganga kunye imigama enkulu.