Yiyiphi inzuzo ye-gerundive, kwaye yintoni isakramente?

Ukutya kunye neentengiso ezithatha inxaxheba ngenye yezona zihloko ezixakekayo kwiRashiya. Ebomini, sihlala sisisebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanobuchule kunye nabahlakaniphile ngezinye iinkhathi baneengxaki ngokupelisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye neziphumlisi zesabelo somlomo. Enyanisweni, yonke into ayinzima njengoko kubonakala.

Ingqungquthela kunye neentlobo zentlobo zezakhiwo ezingezizo ezigqibeleleyo zesenzi. Enyanisweni, ezinye iilwimi zihlabelela zibandakanye kwaye inxaxheba ibambe iqela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentetho, kodwa oku akunakulungelelaniswa, kuba, okokuqala, ukudibana kunye neendaba ezilungileyo kubonisa izenzo, nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo. Kwaye, okwesibini, abanalo impawu zabo ezisisigxina okanye ezingenasigxina, ezingenakufumaneka kwenye inxalenye yentetho.

Okokuqala, intlanganiso yaseRashiya yabonakala. Ezi ziyimpawu ezikhethekileyo, ukuchongwa, njengoko sele kukhankanywe ngaphambili, ezingezizo eziphambili, iziphumo ezibi. Kwintetho yomlomo yesigamente kunzima ukutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuvumelanisa, ngoko ke okokuqala babe ngumqondiso wentetho ebhaliweyo. Ingqungquthela "umxube" wesenzi nesiprofetho. Ukususela kwisenzi sokuthatha inxaxheba kukho izibonakaliso eziqhubekayo: ixesha, isibambiso, kunye nesipelisi-engaqinisekiyo: inombolo, imeko kunye nesini. Ukutya kudla ngokuphindwe kabini (okwangoku kunye neyedlulileyo) kunye nezibhambathiso ezimbini (okwenene kunye nokungabonakaliyo).

Ingqikithi, kwisenzi esinye sinokukwazi ukudala ukuya kwimiba emine inxaxheba, kodwa kungekho njalo, oku kukubambekayo, ngamanye amaxesha izenzi zithatha inxaxheba. Ukuqonda ukuba ngaba kunokwenzeka ukwenza inxaxheba ethile kwisenzi okanye kungenjalo, kuphela ukunambitha okanye ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi kunokunceda, yingakho abantu basemzini bahlala bezenza iimpazamo ekubunjweni kwezinto ezithatha inxaxheba kunye ne-gerund kwaye bawacingele ngesihloko esinzima kakhulu ekufundeni isiRashiya.

Emva koko iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo, iintlobo ezithandwayo zokuthatha inxaxheba kwi-"froze" kunye neengxenye zentetho - "umxube" wesenzi kunye nesabhengezo siphelile, ngoko ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ukuphendulela kokuthatha inxaxheba, ulwazi malunga naluphi ummiselo. Ukususela kwisenzi kwi-gerunds kuyafana nokuthatha inxaxheba - ixesha kunye nebheyili, kwaye ukusuka kwizihlomelo - ukungaguquki. Ngoko yintoni inzuzo yokuguqulwa? Yiyo i-gerundive kwaye amagama ancike kuyo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekufanelekile ukuba uyikhumbule ngaye indlela iimpawu zokupasa zilungiswe ngayo. Iinguqulelo zentsebenzo - ii-commas zibekwa ezimbini, ezivela kumacala amabini. Oku, kwindlela, kusebenza ekuthengiseni inxaxheba. Kwakhona ihlala ihlukaniswe ngamacala amabini ngama-commas.

Yiyiphi inzuzo ye-gerundive? Imizekelo ingacatshulwa ngokulula: "Ukunyuka, uVadim wangena egumbini" okanye "Abahambi bazama ukubona i-lowland ngaphandle kokubuza nayiphi na imibuzo engadingekile."

Kwaye into yesibini ekufuneka ikhunjulwe: kokubili ukutshintshwa kwezinto ezithatha inxaxheba kunye nokuzibandakanya kwindlela yokuhlalutya ngokuchanekileyo kwelungu elinye lesiphakamiso, edlalwa rhoqo-ngencazelo, i-gerundive-ngeemeko, kodwa inokusixhasa.

Ngoku akufanele ube nemibuzo malunga nokuba yintoni inzuzo yokuguqulwa. Kodwa ukuba ukungaqondi kakuhle okunjalo kwenzeka, ndikucebisa ukuba ucele ukuqonda ingcamango yeencwadi zesiRashiya zeBakala lesi-7 seBadayvava, kunye nokuqeqesha-ukuqokelela i-Rosenthal. Emva kweeklasi ezisebenzayo kuya kuba lula ukuqonda ukuba yintoni inzuzo yokuguqulwa.