Ababephila uPetros 1. Amanani Historical

Ababephila ngexesha Peter 1 wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yayo utshintsho. Ngokutsho definition komlomo AS Pushkin, onke "indlwane uPetros". Kakuhle kuyaziwa ukuba impumelelo nkqubo umlawuli we kuxhomekeka kokusingqongileyo, leyo yena akhetha. Kule nkalo, ubukumkani uPetros ndandingomnye imbali echumayo kwaye unika umdla.

iimpawu Jikelele ngexesha

Ababephila of Peter 1 aba yinxalenye neqembu yakhe. Bonke bephela ngendlela enye okanye omnye onxulumene ekuqalekeni kobukumkani bakhe. Abaninzi kubo baqala imisebenzi yabo ngexesha xa yayisathe eselula waba nomdla ekudaleni regiments kuhlekwe. Kamva, bathabatha umyalelo ephambili kunye izikhundla zolawulo emkhosini kunye nolawulo. Omnye wabo AD Menshikov. Iimpawu ixesha mbuzo ezifana ngelihambisana irhuluneli kuxhomekeka amahla ndinyuka le abawathandayo abanokuzityand. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-17 ukuba awukabi inkqubo yokugaya abasebenzi loluntu imilo, eyaba ukusebenza kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-18, xa ekugqibeleni lizwe ethathe imilo uyilandela. Ebudeni bolawulo Peter I indawo lobabalo kugqitywe umsebenzi yabucala geqe lwe umbhalo.

Alexander Danilovich

Umzekelo olothusayo lobuninzi oku Menchikoff. Ngokutsho uguqulelo eqhelekileyo, oko kwenzeka barhwebi usapho. Phezu kwako imvelaphi, waba abakrelekrele kakhulu, rastoropen, ilifa ubuchule engaqhelekanga. Njengoko uPetros lenze abantu kungekhona gentility labo kunye nemvelaphi kunye nokukwazi kwabo, ngoko nangoko bazisa mfana unesiphiwo kuye. Wayengafundanga, kodwa okuhle bonke wakwazi kwalunga kukumkani. wayesoloko anyamezela wamkela kunye nemiyalelo, apho imali yokuthenga abanye. Bexesha of Peter 1 wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekomelezeni amandla akhe, yaye Menshikov, wayexakekile. Wazibonakalisa eMntla kwiMfazwe njengenkokeli abanetalente emkhosini, kuba kamva umvuzo.

Lefort

Singqongwe umlawuli sixabana basemzini. Enye idumileyo F. Lefort. Waye Swiss ngokuzalwa, kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele ukuba ube nomncedisi sinyanisekile umlawuli. Waba umhleli ebizwa njalo-umdlalo-regiments yokumkani, wathabatha inxaxheba nemikhankaso Azov. Ababephila ngexesha Peter 1 akusoloko kakhulu kuyo, kodwa uKhesare elizayo kakhulu ingqalelo kuye umhlobo wakhe osenyongweni. Lefort indoda leyo abafundileyo kwaye, Kakade ke, kuye kwafuneka lo mlawuli uselula kweempembelelo enkulu ingqondo yakho, imfundo, neenkonzo zobuntlola. Yiloo nto ke wakhokela Embassy Great eYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-17, apho ukumkani inxalenye phantsi igama legosa lamapolisa Petra Mihaylova oko.

uGordon

Enye wolunye engqongwe Poroshenko waba P. Gordon. Waye ngumququzeleli omkhulu wamajoni. Yena, ngokunjalo Menshikov kunye Lefort, wothulelw lombutho edume umdlalo-regiments. Waye lokulwa omkhulu wamajoni anolwazi, ukongeza, waba ulwazi olunzulu theoretical component. Ngexesha komdlalo isigqibo kunye nodade kakumkani Sophia, wafudukela icala lokuqala. Kungenxa yoko le nto umlawuli elizayo kakhulu wathembela. Gordon wathabatha inxaxheba kwiziganeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo wobukumkani bakhe. Ngoko ke, nguye lowo wabeka phantsi strelets imvukelo ngo-1698.

Romodanovsky

Amaqabane Peter 1 waba yindawo ebalulekileyo kulawulo kweli lizwe kunye nokuguqulwa kwayo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uMlawuli wayenomdla kukuba abantu ngeenxa ngaye abanyanisekileyo bazi umsebenzi wabo. Kulula kubantu abanjalo zezikaYe- Fedor Romodanovsky. Weza kwintsapho unguwo boyar yaye umntwana kufutshane kwinkundla yakomkhulu. Eselula kakhulu, wamiselwa stolnik kuba nguyise wakhe wayesondele Alexei Mikhailovich. Romodanovsky kamva waba ngomnye unyanisekileyo uPetros 1 abantu. Kubonisa into yokuba uNdikhoyo ngokwakhe kubomi bemihla ngemihla abakulindele umntu umyalelo omdala, leyo wawalwela ngokuphelisa ukumkani omtsha. U fanele ngokupheleleyo kwinkulungwane edluleyo, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, inkxaso inguqu lo kumkani uselula waza waba yakhe oyintloko isifuba.

Ngexesha lokungabikho uPetros A. I wamyalela ukuba elawula urhulumente, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba intembeko ekhethekileyo ukumkani kule Boyar ngqwabalala. Romodanovsky unandiphe ilungelo elikhethekileyo lokuba aye kukumkani nangaliphi na ixesha ngaphandle ingxelo othetha malunga indawo ebalulekileyo wagxila kulawulo. Yena bathatha inxaxheba kwezithandani umntu musketeers uqhushululu ngo-1698. Wayeyintloko de facto of eMoscow, yaye emva omnye umlilo wayenza ayeke. Boyar kulawula kakhulu kangangokuba akukho mntu ubenobuganga ukungena eyadini yakhe, nkqu umlawuli washiya carriole lwakhe ngaphandle kwamasango, etyelela umhlobo wakhe.

Shein

UPetros Catherine 1 2 linamandla amangalisayo ukufumana indawo yabo abanyanisekileyo kuphela kodwa okwaziyo kakhulu, abanetalente kunye nabantu abakrelekrele. Olu phawu eliqhelekileyo kolawulo lwabo kwakucaca kangangokuba kule ncwadi kukho amagama ezikhethekileyo kwindawo yabo; ntetho ingentla Pushkin, kwaye ngokunxulumene kwimeko uKumkanikazi waqalisa ukuthetha Amanene ngexesha uCatherine kaThixo. Enye isikhulu ngexesha uPetros I Shein. Waba wayedume zomkhosi wakhe kunye nobuchule ozakuzo. Yena bathatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi noonozakuzaku emkhosini. Ziyinyaniso Wathabatha inxaxheba kwiphulo mfula. Ebudeni Northern kweMfazwe, naye wathabatha inxaxheba kule mpi inkulu yaye okubaluleke kakhulu, kuba athe wanikwa isikhundla generalissimo.

Osterman

Kwakhona lo ungumzekeliso ozise eliphambili wokulawula uPetros. Waye esikhulu esikwaziyo kakhulu ababuqiqileyo, ngumpolitiki. Osterman wayenza umsebenzi mthetho. 1 Petros wayefuna ukuba balungelelanise ulawulo kunye nolawulo modeli West yaseYurophu. Wayesazi kakuhle kwenkqubo yaseYurophu yolawulo bazama ukusebenzisa imigaqo yayo leyinene Russian. Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi Osterman incopho eneentyatyambo mayibalwe yonke bolawulo Anna Ivanovna.

Kurakin

Eli nani ezaziwayo-kakuhle kwexesha kaPetros yakhunjulwa yi yokuba washiya memoirs bakhe umdla kakhulu elo xesha. indoda kakuhle yaye neliso elibukhali, yena waqhubeka ephepheni zonke izinto zabo ngeemvakalelo malunga era loMlawuli imisebenzi zoguquguqulo apho ngaxeshanye. Xa imisebenzi yakhe, ukongeza ngobomi lakhe, kukho kwakhona kokuma amazwe ukuba wayetyelele, kwakunye imizobo ngumlawuli luqikelelo.

Tatishchev

Ibizwa ngokuba "nguyise kwimbali Russian." Ubizwa ngokufanelekileyo ingqalelo ngunozala nenzululwazi yembali. Ke yena waqala njengomlawuli abanetalente, kwaye ebukumkanini uPetros 1. Yena uye iintlobo izikhundla wenza iintlobo kwemisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi. Waye ophethe mveliso, ikhokelwa ngu imveliso mveliso, emali nobunjineli bafunda. Ukongeza, ukuba wayephathiswe ekwenzeni iimaphu Russia, leyo, enyanisweni, eyabangela ukuba enze imbali kumgangatho yobungcali. ukubaluleka kweli sebe kungaphinda yokuba waye ideologist njengenguqu kaPetros: ngokubambelela rationalism, yena ngokufudumeleyo evunyiweyo ukuguquka soMhlekazi. Noko ke, ingqalelo ukuba yokugqibela uhlawula ingqalelo zaneleyo kuphuhliso lwamashisini kunye norhwebo.

imisebenzi features Common

Bonke aba bantu baye enye into efanayo - yinto yokuba aba ngokupheleleyo izinto zohlaziyo ukusungulwa Peter 1, apho phezu kokugqiba ngempumelelo Enkulu Northern War wathabatha isihloko loMlawuli kunye nguzwilakhe zonke Russias. Ngamnye kubo oye wazibonakalisa ngeendlela ezininzi. Noko ke aba bantu yemeko ezahlukeneyo zentlalo kunye imvelaphi,, aba umlawuli kwi akhawunti efanayo. Kwimeko nganye kuzo wayeyixabisa izakhono zabo iitalente ukufumana isicelo zabo oyifunayo. Leyo impumelelo imisebenzi yayo; isibakala sokuba Tsar yokugqibela All iRussia ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye endaweni lungelo abancedisi.