Amanani zemvelo

Inani - yinto ingqiqo abstract. Bona iimpawu ubuninzi yenjongosenzi, kwaye kukho ngokwenene, kusengqiqweni, integers ezingakhiyo namaqhezu, kwakunye yendalo.

inani Natural ezisetyenziswa ekuhambeni kwexesha, apho ephakama abonisa inani. Ukwenza ukwazi isikolo sakho iqala yabantwana yasekuqaleni. Yintoni ixhonti funny basinda schitalok, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa nje iziqalelo ze akhawunti zendalo? "Inye, zimbini, zintathu, zine, zintlanu ... Bunny Out ukuba uhambe!" okanye "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ikumkani yagqiba ekubeni ukundixhoma ..."

Kuba naliphi na inani yendalo ukufumana enye, ngakumbi kulo. Le set kudla zibonakaliswe yileta N, kwaye kufuneka luthathwe obungenasiphelo ngendlela ukwanda. Kodwa ekuqaleni iseti i - yinto unit. Nangona amanani apho French zendalo, apho isethi olubandakanya zero. Kodwa iimpawu eziphambili ahlukile kwaye, enye iseti kukuba bengengabo nayiphi amaqhezu okanye amanani akhabayo.

Imfuneko ezahlukeneyo recalculation zezifundo intsukaphi kumaxesha kokubhalwa kwembali. Emva koko yezizathu Bakha ingqiqo ka "amanani zendalo". lasungulwa kulo lonke ihlabathi lomntu inkqubo yotshintsho, uphuhliso inzululwazi neteknoloji.

Noko ke, indoda ibizezamandulo babengamele obusebenza ngayo. Baba kunzima ukuqonda, yintoni na lweengcinga eliqhelekileyo "abazingeli ezintathu" okanye "imithi abathathu". Ngoko ke, kukho inkcazelo yasetyenziswa xa ubalula inani labantu, yaye ukuba ukhankanye inani elifanayo uhlobo ezahlukeneyo izinto - definition ezahlukeneyo kakhulu.

Kwaye ke umgca manani ibe mfutshane kakhulu. Kuyo kwakukho amanani kuphela 1 no-2, yaye yaphela nge-akhawunti ingqiqo ka "eninzi", "umhlambi", "isihlwele", "imfumba".

Kamva wabumba oyilwayo eqhubela phambili ngakumbi, kakade ngokubanzi. An into umdla kukuba kwakukho ababini kuphela amanani - 1 no-2, kwaye amanani alandelayo zifunyenwe ngokongeza kakade.

Imizekelo yalo aba iinkcukacha emidala kwi inani ngamanani kwisizwe Australian Murray River. Bona 1 umele igama elithi "Enza", 2 - elithi "petcheval". Number 3 ukuze elizongomayo "petcheval-Enza", 4 - nje "petcheval-petcheval".

Uninzi kwizizwana-akhawunti yesiseko wavuma ngeminwe. Uphuhliso olulolunye le mbono nje "amanani zendalo" iye ndahamba ngendlela yokusebenzisa i pay stick. Kwaye ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba libhekisela nabanye abalinganiswa elinesibini yaba. abantu bamandulo indlela yethu - baqala ukusebenzisa enye intonga apho iinotshi zenziwa, ebonisa amanqaku.

Ukubanako ukudlala amanani yandiswa kakhulu nokufika yokubhala. Ekuqaleni, inani ngodwi kuboniswe kumacwecwe odongwe okanye yeengcongolo, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa kusetyenziselwa ukurekhoda ezinye icons amanani amakhulu. Ngoko kwakukho neenyumerali baseRoma.

Kuninzi kamva neenyumerali Arabhu, leyo wavula ithuba ye amanani iseti lincinane zabalinganiswa. Namhlanje akukho nzima ukubhala amanani amakhulu ezifana umgama phakathi iiplanethi kunye inani leenkwenkwezi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ufunde ukusebenzisa amagunya.

Euclid ngenkulungwane 3 BC, kwincwadi ethi "Elements" icwangcisa iseti engenasiphelo yamanani etsala. Kwaye Archimedes ngo "zinja" ityhila kwemimiselo yokwakha amagama ngokuqgibeleleyo amanani amakhulu. Phantse kuyo phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-19 phambi kwabantu andizange ukuvuka imfuneko ethile ecacileyo ingqiqo ka "amanani zendalo". Determination wathabatha ukubonakala indlela axiomatic zezibalo.

Yaye 70s ngenkulungwane ye-19 Georg Cantor uqulunqe inkcazelo ecacileyo amanani zendalo, kusekelwe kwingcamango iseti. Kwaye ngoku siyazi ukuba amanani yendalo - kuyo yonke integers ukusuka ku-1 ukuya yokungapheli. abantwana Small, okwenza inyathelo lokuqala kokuba wayeqhelene ukumkanikazi zonke zenzululwazi - imathematika - aqalile ukuba bawafundisise la manani.