Ulwelwe Brown: inkcazelo emfutshane yesebe

ulwelwe Brown kukho iqela wokwamanani zezityalo zihlala kakhulu amanzi olwandle. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iintlobo ezisibhozo kuphela eyaziwa, nto leyo ngethuba zazivelela baye bafudukela kwiindawo amanzi.

ISebe Kelp: ukwakha umzimba

Onke amalungu eli sebe emzimba multicellular - iifomu bobukoloniyali kunye kwiseli bobukho nje kutyhilwa. Ke ukuba isayizi, zinokuba nomahluko kakhulu - ezifana amagqabi zinokuba kakhulu, yaye ukufikelela iimitha eziliqela ubude. Eyaziwa izityalo nezilwanyana ngonyaka, kodwa kukho abo baphila ukuya kwiminyaka eli-18.

Ukuba sithethe ngayo imilo kunye nolwakhiwo thalli, kukho kwakhona kulawula iyantlukwano. umzimba ukhula kusenokuquka bemicu iipleyiti, iibhegi, soma okanye amatyholo ezincinane. Ukuya zeendawana le imisiwe okanye izityalo nge inkqubo eyodwa okanye rhizoids.

Integument emelwe udonga iseli, apho ngokuqhelekileyo Wenziwe ziimaleko amabini (ngeengcamba ezintathu kwaye abameli). I engaphandle cover umaleko iqulathe ncakasana kwezinto pectin kwaye iqulethe polysaccharides sulfated. Umaleko engaphakathi eziqulathwe isambuku imicu kwincindi.

Iborax ulwelwe: isakhiwo cell

Luphawu ibalulekileyo iiseli yenkqubo kuba phambi plastids. Abameli eli qela yezityalo, yeseli nganye iqulathe inani elikhulu chloroplasts ezincinane aphuhliswe kakuhle. Plastids babe ndizayo ezine. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i inwebu olungaphandle inwebu chloroplast singena reticulum endoplasmic okanye ngumongo. Njengoko ngokuba yiklorofili, apha ke iifom A, C1 no-C2 thaca.

Ukongeza, ezi plastids of lisiza iqulethe fucoxanthin, violaxanthin, zeaxanthin beta-carotene, nto leyo nayo luphawu ebalulekileyo Plant Taxonomy.

I iseli nucleus omnye kuphela, nangona kukho ezinye multi-iintlobo. Imveliso engundoqo hrizolaminarin spare ukuba lifakwa vacuoles ezizodwa okanye granules cytoplasmic.

Kelp buphindwe

Abameli beli sebe nga yezeka, ngokwesondo asexually. Kwiintlobo ezininzi, ngezakhi ikhutshwa phandle ke ukulaba thallus. Kodwa ke, umzekelo, ficus kwi entendeni umzimba kukho iqela leeseli olulodwa ezingenza abe zinyibilikisiwe omtsha xa kuyimfuneko.

Njengoko inkqubo maqanda, amaxesha amaninzi kuliwa esebenzisa zoospores. uhlobo kuphela nje ezimbalwa zizalana ngokusebenzisa mono ezisisigxina okanye tetraspor. Hi ndlela leyi, zoospores kunye gametes - kuphela indlela yobukho flagellates kelp.

Njengokuba le nkqubo ngokwesondo, kungaba:

• Isogamous (sperm amaqanda ezinomlinganiselo enye).
• Heterogamic (gametes inkunzi nemazi gametes ezahlukeneyo).
• Oogamnym (gametes oyindoda mincinci kwaye mobile, ngoxa abafazi oogonia ahlale ubungakanani enkulu zokubhala kunye ezahlukeneyo).

Ehlabathini 80 zenkulungwane yama-20, nto leyo eye ezithile iikhemikhali secreted yi emzimbeni ngexesha kuphuhliso ulwelwe ngesondo. Le nto ifana pheromone, ukufunda esebenzayo kuhleliyo unanamhla.

Kelp kunye nabameli ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle

Enye iintlobo ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle kuthathwa iswekile kelp, okanye seaweed. I sityalo dissected enkulu zinyibilikisiwe, ubude nto leyo inokuthabatha ithuba mitha-1 ukuya ku-14. Le thallus luyakha isixa esikhulu se laminarin. Ukongeza, Ingca yolwandle uthathwa ngumthombo oxabisekileyo ayodini. Kwamanye amazwe, oku sityalo ilinywe kwaye kusetyenziswa inxaxheba salads kunye nezinye izitya. Of Tal kwenza amachiza asetyenziswa unyango lwezifo ndlala.

Le Sargassum uhlobo yi eyaziwa ngokubanzi, kuba kungenxa yindikhathaza, thalli elide ezi zityalo amanzi oLwandle Sargasso ngelo xesha yingozi kakhulu ukuqubha.